# refAbstractsWide

refAbstractLine:
histograms showing the radiance level frequencies of seven historical images, and the knowledge of suspended sediment


refAbstractLine:
distribution observed in 1980. A linear fit is applied for both cases. The two relationships are found to be closely


refAbstractLine:
related. The test of the algorithms by comparing the predictions of the sediment concentrations from radiance


refAbstractLine:
values to limited sea truth observations has indicated an error in estimation that could range from 4% to 18%. Their


refAbstractLine:
application to the nine images obtained over a period of the six year time span used in the study yield reasonable


refAbstractLine:
estimations of the concentration range appropriate to the seasonal conditions obtaining. The agreement between the


refAbstractLine:
estimated ranges and those observed in the field indicates the practicability of the application of algorithms to


refAbstractLine:
different frames provided that the atmospheric correction is allowed for. The band-5 colour sliced images can thus become


refAbstractLine:
the quantitative expressions (colour maps) of the spatial and temporal distributions of suspended sediment for the


refAbstractLine:
A practical method for calibrating Landsat multispectral scanner imagery from estuarine and coastal water areas in


refAbstractLine:
terms of the standard output quantity of near-surface irradiance reflectance ratio has been developed and tested.


refAbstractLine:
The algorithm consists of radiometric correction, atmospheric and surface corrections, and the calculation of


refAbstractLine:
reflectance ratio - found to be the most useful output parameter. The algorithm has been extended to produce a


refAbstractLine:
multi-date calibration in terms of suspended sediment concentration for imagery of the Solent area. This was


refAbstractLine:
obtained through statistical analysis of satellite-data-derived reflectance ratios and synoptic


refAbstractLine:
measured sediment concentrations. It achieved a correlation of 0.98 and the ability to predict sediment concentration to


refAbstractLine:
a root mean square error of 3.7 mg/l in a concentration range from 5.9 to 53.2 mg/l. The development of the


refAbstractLine:
algorithm includes the review of previous work, the study of the satellite system and data content and format, and an


refAbstractLine:
analysis of the theoretical arguments for atmospheric and surface corrections and subsurface optical processes


refAbstractLine:
including depth and sea bed reflection effects. Conclusions are reached about the expected size and source of errors in


refAbstractLine:
the calculation of reflectance ratio and the use of relevant standard image processing techniques - some of which were


refAbstractLine:
further developed in this work. The algorithm has been implemented at the NRSC, RAE Farnborough and applied to


refAbstractLine:
imagery from the Bristol Channel, the Mersey/ Dee area, the Christchurch and Poole Bays area and the Solent area -


refAbstractLine:
mainly for testing of the model rather than for oceanographic interpretation. Boatwork was carried out to


refAbstractLine:
try to tests the algorithm by comparison of processed imagery with measured suspended sediment concentration and


refAbstractLine:
The interaction between wind-generated gravity waves and tidal currents is examined from the starting point of the


refAbstractLine:
gravity wave energy budget equation of Longuet-Higgins and Stewart. Equations are developed which allow the variation


refAbstractLine:
in the short wave amplitude and wave number to be predicted for a linear tidal wave system having a standing wave and a


refAbstractLine:
progressive wave component. An additional term, unmentioned by Longuet-Higgins and Stewart, is shown to have an


refAbstractLine:
important role in describing the physical mechanism of the interaction and in the magnitude of the variation with the


refAbstractLine:
correct phase but with an amplitude variation 40% greater than predicted. A numerical model is set up to allow


refAbstractLine:
predictions to be computed for conditions where an analytical solution to the energy budget equation is not


refAbstractLine:
possible e.g. for waves and tides in variable depths. Wave data from Southampton Water, under short fetch conditions,


refAbstractLine:
show an upward trend in wave energy when the tidal current begins to ebb and the numerical solutions are used to show


refAbstractLine:
this is consistent with the wave-current interaction. The high variability in wave energy between consecutive wave


refAbstractLine:
records in Southampton Water cannot be accounted for by this interaction theory and it is necessary to postulate the


refAbstractLine:
importance of other mechanisms in causing this variability.


refAbstractLine:
Studies of the geology, topographic development and hydrology of the clay cliffs of the Christchurch Bay area


refAbstractLine:
carried out by the author, have shown that varying, but often rapid recession of the whole cliff line has been


refAbstractLine:
taking place over a period of many hundreds of years. The cliffs are composed of materials which are highly


refAbstractLine:
susceptible to marine erosion and the studies indicate that where there is no protection for the foot of the cliff,


refAbstractLine:
direct wave attack and the removal of loose debris in suspension in the sea are the primary causes of cliff


refAbstractLine:
recession. However, although these studies have shown that the protection of the foot of the cliff from marine erosion


refAbstractLine:
results in a massive reduction in rates of recession, the cliff profile remains subject to seepage erosion and


refAbstractLine:
sub-aerial degradation. Describes types of movement and their contribution to the degradation process. Looks at


refAbstractLine:
current remedial measures and suggests the most important factors to consider in future designs.


refAbstractLine:
A major drawback of all existing tracer techniques for monitoring shingle movement, except that of labelling with


refAbstractLine:
radioactive isotopes, is that tracer recovery rates are invariably low (commonly less than 15% of the total


refAbstractLine:
injected) because recovery is limited to the beach surface. Investigations were made into the possibilities of


refAbstractLine:
developing a new tracer that might overcome this problem. The paper describes the results of, and the conclusions


refAbstractLine:
drawn from two trial field experiments carried out using metal tracer pebbles. These had specific gravity's, size and


refAbstractLine:
shape similar to the indigenous beach pebbles and were recovered both on and beneath the beach surface using metal


refAbstractLine:
detectors. By assessing the relative merits and drawbacks of the technique, it was concluded that the use of metal


refAbstractLine:
pebbles as tracers for shingle beaches is more practical than other methods for most tracing purposes. At present,


refAbstractLine:
the technique is best suited to investigations ranging in length from a few days to a few months and requiring small


refAbstractLine:
to medium scale injections of 5000 tracer pebbles or less. The considerable scope for the further development and


refAbstractLine:
application of the technique is discussed.


refAbstractLine:
The research documented in this Thesis results in estimates of littoral drift in Poole Bay utilising data obtained from


refAbstractLine:
a monitoring project instituted after the renourishment of Bournemouth beaches in 1974/1975. Part of the data set


refAbstractLine:
comprises hydrographic and topographic surveys. A detailed investigation is carried out into the method of hydrographic


refAbstractLine:
surveying to determine its accuracy and hence evaluate the confidence which can be placed on computed beach volume


refAbstractLine:
changes. Ways of improving the method, both in terms of speed and accuracy, are investigated and description is made


refAbstractLine:
of one method which has been successful in Southampton Water. The degree to which survey error affects volumetric


refAbstractLine:
changes is evaluated statistically and the long term trends of beach erosion are established. The expected life of the


refAbstractLine:
renourished beach is calculated using U.S Army design procedures and the results are compared with measured


refAbstractLine:
changes. A mathematical model, based on the wave energy flux approach, has been run to compute littoral drift along the


refAbstractLine:
length of coast between Poole Harbour and Hengistbury Head for 1977. Refinements have been made to an existing method


refAbstractLine:
used in a previous study of the Bay. The results of the previous study are used to derive a sediment budget for the


refAbstractLine:
year 1977. Movements of sand for the remaining years of the study are postulated from the beach volume data and the


refAbstractLine:
effect of the groynes is also assessed. The overall success of the renourishment scheme is considered and


refAbstractLine:
recommendations are made for future coast protection measures in the Bay.


refAbstractLine:
The research reported in this thesis attempts to enhance our understanding of the behaviour of shingle beaches subjected


refAbstractLine:
to wave action, and seeks to encourage the wider use of such structures in coast protection schemes. To this end, a


refAbstractLine:
series of 2-dimensional model tests have been undertaken to assess the influence of a variety of factors on the


refAbstractLine:
development of beach profiles. From the results of these tests, three distinct profile types have been identified,


refAbstractLine:
namely, erosion-step, accretion-step and bar type profiles. The transition from one type to another is shown to be a


refAbstractLine:
function of wave steepness and beach material size. Wave reflection and run-up are also considered and equations are


refAbstractLine:
presented for their prediction. In recognition of the needs of coastal engineers, an attempt is made to describe beach


refAbstractLine:
changes quantitatively using a number of different volumetric measures. The most promising of these appears to


refAbstractLine:
be a moment of area analysis which suggests that the accretion/ erosion regime of a particular beach is solely


refAbstractLine:
dependent upon the size and steepness of the incident waves. A semi-empirical design methodology for shingle beaches has


refAbstractLine:
also been developed. This approach considers the equilibrium beach profile to be composed of two consecutive hyperbolic


refAbstractLine:
curves, the exact forms of which depend upon the incident wave conditions and the beach material size. Profiles


refAbstractLine:
predicted by this method are shown to be in good agreement with those observed during the model tests. Results relating


refAbstractLine:
to the transverse distributions and sorting of beach pebbles are presented in terms of various pebble size and shape


refAbstractLine:
parameters. Mean pebble weight is found to be the most important predictor of the transverse distributions of beach


refAbstractLine:
material, and to be strongly correlated with both the near-bed water particle velocities and the deepwater wave


refAbstractLine:
steepness. Finally, the limitations of the present study are reviewed, together with the requirements for further


refAbstractLine:
In recent years revetments have been widely used, often replacing more traditional forms of shore protection.


refAbstractLine:
Massive defences such as concrete sea walls will still continue to protect urban frontages. However, in rural


refAbstractLine:
areas, particularly where the coastline is not subject to severe wave activity significant savings can be made by


refAbstractLine:
using less massive revetment type protection. Proliferation of new designs has generally outstripped the rate at which


refAbstractLine:
knowledge of their behaviour under wave attack is being disseminated. This report examines a wide range of revetment


refAbstractLine:
types, both old and new, identifying their good and bad points, where such information is available. It identifies


refAbstractLine:
several promising types. For example, asphaltic revetment construction has been underused in this country, compared


refAbstractLine:
with its wide acceptance abroad. Mattress, consisting of concrete modules linked by cabling, is becoming popular.


refAbstractLine:
However, its effectiveness in open coast situations is still open to question and such forms of construction thus need


refAbstractLine:
careful monitoring. Gabion mattresses are relatively cheap and are used widely, often in inappropriate locations. Many


refAbstractLine:
of the more traditional sloping revetments also need reanalysis since in most instances they have been designed


refAbstractLine:
purely on the basis of experience. By comparison with the well documented performance of sea walls that of revetments


refAbstractLine:
is poorly understood. The lifespan of many of the structures presently being built is not known. Their effect on beach


refAbstractLine:
behaviour has only been assessed qualitatively. We therefore consider that regular monitoring of newly constructed


refAbstractLine:
Gives practical examples of the use of different types of protective materials. Lists the type of material; location;


refAbstractLine:
description of site; design details; site layout; construction details; cost; performance; analysis and


refAbstractLine:
Looks at offshore breakwaters; offshore sills and floating breakwaters. Gives details of site including location,


refAbstractLine:
Sediment movement caused by waves and currents and the interaction of the two is one of the more salient features


refAbstractLine:
of estuaries and coasts. The undertaking of engineering works in such areas, for example the construction of


refAbstractLine:
breakwaters and docks or the dredging of shipping channels may radically affect this movement of sediment and such


refAbstractLine:
engineering works may also be significantly affected by sediment movement. To enable predictions to be made of the


refAbstractLine:
impact of engineering works there is an interest in the development of numerical models to predict sediment movement


refAbstractLine:
in estuary and coastal situations. Since both waves and currents may be significant in these areas the models must


refAbstractLine:
include the effects of both. A major element of such a model is a theory of sediment transport under waves and currents.


refAbstractLine:
A number of sediment transport theories have been proposed but there has been little work done comparing the different


refAbstractLine:
theories and investigating their behaviour on observed data. In this study a number of sediment transport theories are


refAbstractLine:
compared with field and flume data. Their performance is described and suggestions made for improvements. In the


refAbstractLine:
theories considered one of the variables used to determine the sediment transport rate is the bed shear stress. The


refAbstractLine:
study revealed that the predictions of the various theories are sensitive to the expression used for the bed shear


refAbstractLine:
stress developed under waves and currents and so such expressions are discussed. The work should aid in the


refAbstractLine:
development of numerical models to predict the behaviour of sediment in estuary and coastal situations under the action


refAbstractLine:
This is the last of the series of reports on low cost or novel methods of shore protection. It summarises the


refAbstractLine:
findings of the earlier reports, indicating which of the coast protection methods examined are suited to U.K. coastal


refAbstractLine:
conditions. Recommendations are also made for further research since these reports indicate a lack of design


refAbstractLine:
Survey and report on the whole of the coastline within the boundaries of the U.D.C. including that part of the Sandown


refAbstractLine:
frontage under the jurisdiction of the Isle of Wight River and Water Authority. To include: inspection of existing


refAbstractLine:
defences and foreshore at low water of spring tides; a study of coastline changes from old O.S. and Admiralty Charts;


refAbstractLine:
history of sea defences; reference to geological survey; past and current coastline changes and possible future


refAbstractLine:
changes including the question of beach replenishment; recommendations; comments on priority and general indication


refAbstractLine:
Gives detailed recommendations for coast protection works necessary and estimated costs.


refAbstractLine:
Gives recommendations and estimated costs of works.


refAbstractLine:
An outline of the objectives of the research programme, designed to support cost-effective coastal protection


refAbstractLine:
structures. Research will be directed to gaining original data, specifically that relating to wave climate; sea-level


refAbstractLine:
and atmospheric pressure; tidal currents; sea bed bathymetry; beach profile change; beach sediment sampling


refAbstractLine:
and historical changes of the coastline. Brief details are given of techniques to be used and documentation that should


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a study undertaken for the Littlehampton Harbour Board and Arun District Council with


refAbstractLine:
the objective of assessing the feasibility, from a hydraulic viewpoint, of improving the entrance channel to the harbour.


refAbstractLine:
Various methods of improving the channel depth through a bar just beyond the present training walls were considered.


refAbstractLine:
Advice was also given on some problems of scour and shoaling between the existing training walls. The study included


refAbstractLine:
field surveys, as well as desk and computational modelling studies.


refAbstractLine:
A general account of the coastline environment at and in the vicinity of Middleton, together with a partial history of


refAbstractLine:
sea defence protection works up to 1985. Although sea walls have reduced the rate of coastal recession over the past 60


refAbstractLine:
years, beach scour has been accentuated. Eastward transfer of shingle by longshore drift is no longer adequately


refAbstractLine:
replenished by updrift supply. The highest priority is therefore to design and build groynes that trap shingle and


refAbstractLine:
produce a stable beach profile. Subsequently, a limited scheme of artificial beach nourishment can be attempted.


refAbstractLine:
A hydrographic survey was carried out for the measurement of currents and flow patterns in the area of Felpham Beach,


refAbstractLine:
West Sussex, to assist in the disposal of seaweed from the foreshore.


refAbstractLine:
This report presents an analysis of wave data collected by a Waverider buoy offshore of Littlehampton, Sussex between


refAbstractLine:
March 1985 and May 1986. The data from 15 March 1985 to 14 March 1986 is selected for more detailed statistical


refAbstractLine:
analysis to determine the overall wave climate for that year. Highest significant wave height recorded was 3.5m.


refAbstractLine:
Waves exceeding a height of 1m were recorded for 34.2% of time, those exceeding 2m for 4.85% of time. There are


refAbstractLine:
distinct diurnal fluctuations in wave period, independent of height, indicating the influence of tidal period. For the


refAbstractLine:
highest wave heights, wind-generated waves predominate over swell. This study was commissioned by Arun District Council


refAbstractLine:
and forms part of their present coastal research programme.


refAbstractLine:
Waves have been recorded by a Shipbourne Wave Recorder (Tucker, 1956) placed on the Owers Light Vessel which is


refAbstractLine:
stationed in about 14 fathoms of water 7 miles south-east of Selsey Bill. The records from one year of operation, from


refAbstractLine:
October 1968 to September 1969, have been analysed mainly following the method of analysis developed by Tucker (1961)


refAbstractLine:
from theoretical studies by Cartwright and Longuet-Higgins (1956). The methods of presentation of figures 1-12 shown in


refAbstractLine:
this paper, are those recommended for data for engineering purposes. The following parameters have been calculated:


refAbstractLine:
significant wave height; most probable value of the height of the highest wave which occurred in the recording interval


refAbstractLine:
and spectral width parameter. Results of these measurements are expressed graphically and divided into seasons.


refAbstractLine:
Consultant's report of survey of beach conditions at site (Bognor) and recommendations on sea wall design and


refAbstractLine:
A review of the magnitude and possible causes of coastal erosion along the C.R.D.C. coastline, with particular and


refAbstractLine:
detailed reference to the coastline of the Selsey Peninsular. Concluding priorities for protection works.


refAbstractLine:
Analysis of condition and effectiveness of groynes and seawall defences (Nyewood Road - Gloucester Road, Bognor


refAbstractLine:
Regis) together with observations on existing surveyor's proposals to strengthen and improve existing structures.


refAbstractLine:
Lists of hydrographic and topographic surveys; sea bed samples; beach probing; current velocity measurements; notes


refAbstractLine:
on beach nourishment; description of Solent permeable groynes and description of beach material.


refAbstractLine:
Considers the coastal formation and erosion and land drainage of Christchurch Bay area and examines the


refAbstractLine:
Object of the report is to advise on the feasibility, extent and cost of coastal defence works necessary to provide


refAbstractLine:
protection to the undercliff in Christchurch Bay between Barton-on-Sea and the boundary limit at Chewton Bunny.


refAbstractLine:
Gives a topographical and geological description of Christchurch Bay and describes the geology at Barton; the


refAbstractLine:
cliff stabilisation works and rates of cliff recession at Barton.


refAbstractLine:
Considers sand and gravel demand and supply situations in three gravel regions including the Wessex region. Gives


refAbstractLine:
This survey was carried out as a preliminary step to a review of the legislation and the Department's coast


refAbstractLine:
protection policy and includes summaries of coastal defence works along the coast.


refAbstractLine:
This paper reports on a trial sand tracer experiment which was carried out towards the western end of the unprotected


refAbstractLine:
stretch of beach between the sea defences at Highcliffe to the west and Barton to the East. The main purpose of the


refAbstractLine:
experiment was to gain experience in the use of fluorescent tracers, in order that further experiments carried out, both


refAbstractLine:
on this beach and others, will produce high quality results efficiently.


refAbstractLine:
Volumes computed from six sets of profile data over the period February to November 1976 suggest that the total


refAbstractLine:
volume of beach material contained in the back shore, foreshore and nearshore zones of Barton West Beach is not


refAbstractLine:
decreasing, and is possibly increasing. Volumes computed over a larger area than above for two sets of profile data


refAbstractLine:
suggest more conclusively that this beach is in fact accreting material, even though the cliff/ back shore is


refAbstractLine:
retreating. The predominant process observed is an onshore/ offshore movement of material which shows a very distinct


refAbstractLine:
seasonal 'winter-cut' and 'summer-fill', along with other shorter term cut/fill responses. A comparison of volumes at


refAbstractLine:
either end of the beach shows a net gain at the Western end and a net loss at the Eastern end. However this does not


refAbstractLine:
permit any conclusions regarding littoral drift, since the motion of individual grains is not known. It is hoped that


refAbstractLine:
tracer experiments will give some insight into this.


refAbstractLine:
Particle size distributions of samples taken at Highcliffe and Barton-on-Sea.


refAbstractLine:
Two methods have been employed to obtain information on the thickness and sedimentary structure of the beach at East


refAbstractLine:
Barton which is composed of sand, shingle and imported stone. Trial pits were dug up by a crawler-mounted hydraulic


refAbstractLine:
excavator in the upper portion of the beach and a water jetting technique was used in the lower portion. The results


refAbstractLine:
In September 1976, a trial sand tracer experiment was carried out towards the Western end of Barton West Beach.


refAbstractLine:
The main purpose of this experiment was to gain experience in the use of fluorescent tracers. The follow up to this


refAbstractLine:
experiment took place in 1977 and this used three colours of fluorescent sand as opposed to one in 1976, with a total


refAbstractLine:
quantity of 150 kg compared with 7.5 kg in 1976. This report discusses this experiment.


refAbstractLine:
This report summarises studies carried out on behalf of the Borough of Bournemouth to investigate the effectiveness of


refAbstractLine:
various coast protection schemes which had been proposed to prevent erosion of the coastline to the west and east of


refAbstractLine:
Hengistbury Head. A companion report (EX1460) gives full technical details of the studies. The studies comprised


refAbstractLine:
numerical models to predict offshore and inshore wave climate, numerical models of the beaches of the Solent road


refAbstractLine:
and Hengistbury Head, between Hengistbury Head and Mudeford Spit, and a physical model reproducing the detailed coastal


refAbstractLine:
processes around the Head itself. Available maps, charts, tidal data etc were also examined to determine the


refAbstractLine:
historical changes to this coastline, and to estimate the effects of a possible breach between Solent Beach and


refAbstractLine:
Christchurch Harbour. The results of this study led to the basic conclusion that rock groynes at a fairly wide spacing


refAbstractLine:
would provide suitable protection to the coastline west of Hengistbury Head, but the eastern side of the Head would


refAbstractLine:
require rather more closely-spaced groynes coupled with beach nourishment, and with the beach backed by a causeway


refAbstractLine:
This report gives full technical details of studies carried out to investigate the effectiveness of various coast


refAbstractLine:
protection schemes. The studies comprised numerical models to predict offshore and inshore wave climate, numerical


refAbstractLine:
models of the beaches between Solent Road and Hengistbury Head, and between Hengistbury Head and Mudeford Spit, and a


refAbstractLine:
physical model reproducing the detailed coastal processes around the Head itself. Available maps, charts, tidal data


refAbstractLine:
etc were also examined to determine the historical changes to this coastline and to estimate the effects of a possible


refAbstractLine:
breach between Solent Beach and Christchurch Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
In January 1986 Hydraulics Research (HR) were commissioned by the Baker Martin Partnership (BMP) to carry out a


refAbstractLine:
preliminary study of wave disturbance for a proposed marina at the Town Quay Southampton. The purpose of the study was


refAbstractLine:
to compare a number of different marina layouts and assess which of these layouts offered sufficient shelter for the


refAbstractLine:
mooring of small craft. This was done using a combination of mathematical and physical models, and information obtained


refAbstractLine:
during a site visit in June 1986. Further work on this study was suspended in October 1986 whilst discussions were held


refAbstractLine:
between BMP and their clients for the marina project. In September 1987 BMP advised HR that the study should be


refAbstractLine:
terminated as it was considered that the construction of a skirt breakwater was not within the current financial scope


refAbstractLine:
Describes the proposed scheme and gives a full cost-benefit scheme.


refAbstractLine:
Gives historical development of cliff instability at Barton; geology; evidence of instability; slip mechanisms and


refAbstractLine:
Considers the legal framework and financing of coastal protection works. Examines various aspects of Christchurch


refAbstractLine:
Bay (winds and waves; offshore topography), Barton-on-Sea (costs of works), Milford, Hurst Spit and Calshot. Briefly


refAbstractLine:
considers the impact of offshore dredging.


refAbstractLine:
A Coastal Protection Group has been recently created in the Engineering Division and one of their first priorities was


refAbstractLine:
to produce a Coastal Management Strategy within which a programme of capital works would be defined and associated,


refAbstractLine:
monitoring and research requirements identified. This report sets out the proposed strategy. The appendices gives details


refAbstractLine:
A series of overlaying maps showing the sequence of development and changing morphology of Hurst Spit. The


refAbstractLine:
overlays refer to the 1982 aerial survey and maps dating 1971, 1939, 1932, 1908 and 1898.


refAbstractLine:
On 2nd January 1986, moderate flooding occurred in Chiswell, Portland. Although the construction of the stage 2 works of


refAbstractLine:
the Chesil Sea Defence Scheme was well in hand at that date, the installation of the interceptor culvert had not


refAbstractLine:
commenced. As part of the gabion monitoring scheme, Dobbie and Partners were requested to prepare a supplementary


refAbstractLine:
report commenting on the flood event with particular reference to the following: (1) The performance of the


refAbstractLine:
gabion trial. (2) The beach profile. (3) Comparison of the sea state with the design parameters of the sea defence


refAbstractLine:
It is proposed to construct a new sheet pile wall and new sea wall at Chesil Beach. The proposed works will enlarge


refAbstractLine:
and strengthen the existing sea defence wall that runs in front of the Cove Inn. In order to obtain information on the


refAbstractLine:
ground conditions beneath the site, 7 standard shell and auger boreholes, to a maximum depth of 19m were taken out


refAbstractLine:
during July and August 1982. The results of the tests carried out on these samples are provided on the attached


refAbstractLine:
Physical model studies have been run to examine the flow percolating through the upper levels of the Chesil Beach


refAbstractLine:
under conditions of severe wave attack. A model of a section of beach was constructed at a scale of 1:25 and tested under


refAbstractLine:
random wave attack. The percolation discharge and hydraulic gradient were measured for various conditions of water level


refAbstractLine:
and wave attack. The discharges and hydraulic gradients measured in the physical model were not intended for direct


refAbstractLine:
use in the design of drainage works but to provide the input data for the client's mathematical model of flow conditions


refAbstractLine:
through the shingle, derived from full scale permeameter tests. The shingle material in the physical model was


refAbstractLine:
selected after a series of small scale permeameter tests, intended to describe the performance of the model shingle


refAbstractLine:
over a range of flow conditions. This beach material was scaled to give the correct flow at a critical hydraulic


refAbstractLine:
gradient. During this study, it was possible to measure flows in the model under only a few conditions of water


refAbstractLine:
level and wave attack. A preliminary analysis was therefore conducted to allow the general description of the discharges


refAbstractLine:
measured in terms of the input parameters.


refAbstractLine:
Part 1 examines origin and formation of beaches, stability of shingle banks, beaches on open coasts, model experiments


refAbstractLine:
on beaches. Part 2 examines physical properties of estuaries and rivers and the estuary in relation to the coastline.


refAbstractLine:
Part 3 provides an assessment of the problem of coast erosion, the properties of groynes and the design of groyne


refAbstractLine:
Copy number 3 includes oblique photographs of the coast at Studland, Swanage, Weymouth, Chesil Bank, Charmouth, Lyme


refAbstractLine:
Regis and West Bay. Copy number 4 includes general observations on the coastal zone and maps showing sea walls,


refAbstractLine:
geomorphological features, areas of erosion, barriers and details of geology. Number 4 also includes a paper entitled


refAbstractLine:
West Bay - report on the breach in the sea wall in February 1978.


refAbstractLine:
Dobbie and Partners were commissioned by Wessex Water Authority to consider schemes for flood alleviation at the


refAbstractLine:
Portland end of Chesil Beach. HR were asked to determine inshore wave conditions during exceptionally severe storms.


refAbstractLine:
A refraction analysis showed that the north-west end of the sea wall at Chiswell is particularly prone to wave attack.


refAbstractLine:
HR recommended that flexible defences perhaps including beach nourishment should be considered as a protection


refAbstractLine:
measure rather than extending the existing wall.


refAbstractLine:
Topographic, offshore hydrographic, meteorological and geological investigative data and results are described for


refAbstractLine:
Chiswell and environs, with the purpose of recommending a viable scheme for longer-term flood protection resulting


refAbstractLine:
from occasional over-topping of the Chesil Beach. Specific recommendations include: modification to existing seawall


refAbstractLine:
and addition of 1600m of gabion crest protection; a new intercepting drain on landward side of the beach;


refAbstractLine:
modification of existing outflow drainage channel and the raising of Weymouth Road to +3m O.D.


refAbstractLine:
In June 1980, the authors were asked by Lewis and Duvivier to advise them on the following: (1) the nature of the


refAbstractLine:
coastal landslides in the Bonchurch area, in the Undercliff of the south coast of the Isle of Wight and (2) the degree


refAbstractLine:
of landslide hazard involved if the currently dilapidated sea defences on this stretch of the coast are not


refAbstractLine:
reconstructed. This report summarises their findings, however, they stress that their findings are only


refAbstractLine:
provisional due to a lack of borehole data.


refAbstractLine:
Gives observations on the coastal condition and recommendations for works. Estimated costs are also


refAbstractLine:
This report concerns the problem of cliff falls and recommendations for measures which could be adopted to


refAbstractLine:
arrest any further erosion. The terms of reference for the paper are: (1) a survey of the cliff top and cliff base and


refAbstractLine:
comparison of the results of the survey with previous surveys, (2) a study of the geology of the cliffs and


refAbstractLine:
foreshore, (3) a study of winds, waves and littoral drift.


refAbstractLine:
Report on the general condition of the coast and the need for and protection works. Includes cross sections of


refAbstractLine:
proposals and photographs of the frontage.


refAbstractLine:
Looks at the problems along this stretch of coastline; the geology and stability of the coastal slope; condition of


refAbstractLine:
existing defences; the effects of the collapse of existing defences and possible remedial measures.


refAbstractLine:
An assessment of the coast and a cost-benefit analysis of proposed works. This report follows on from the 1979 report.


refAbstractLine:
This report provides an assessment of the condition of the coastline, highlighting those areas requiring attention and


refAbstractLine:
giving relative priorities within each frontage under consideration.


refAbstractLine:
Looks at coastline changes during the past century and provides details of tides, weather, winds, littoral drift,


refAbstractLine:
beach material and areas of erosion. Various oblique photos are included of St. Catherine's Point, Blackgang Chine,


refAbstractLine:
Describes general situation and background, beach conditions and basic sea wall design, damage to breastwork and


refAbstractLine:
Report on the situation and condition of existing coast protection works and beaches and gives recommendations for


refAbstractLine:
Report on the condition of protection works and beaches and gives recommendations and estimates for further works.


refAbstractLine:
The course of coastal changes within Chichester Harbour (erosion, deposition and reclamation) have been plotted


refAbstractLine:
prior to 1971 using historical records. Mention is made of the effects of Spartina and the possible consequences of its


refAbstractLine:
die-back. Human influence is considered to have been a major factor in the coastal changes which have occurred. The


refAbstractLine:
harbour is still evolving naturally, the general trends being an increase in area but a decrease in depth.


refAbstractLine:
Nine sections:- 1) introduction; 2) historical development of the harbour; 3) natural features and landscape; 4) access


refAbstractLine:
and settlement; 5) activities in Chichester Harbour; 6) moorings in general; 7) financial considerations; 8) The


refAbstractLine:
Chichester Harbour Federation Survey; 9) conclusions. Two of the appendices are papers by the authors. One by


refAbstractLine:
R.L.C.Williamson, reports on natural history and its conservation in the harbour, the other by Sir Eric Seal and


refAbstractLine:
Captain C.J.Wynne-Edwards sets out the advantages of creating a Water Park within Chichester Harbour. The


refAbstractLine:
remaining 3 appendices detail respectively, traffic on approach roads to Chichester Harbour, estimated numbers of


refAbstractLine:
boats within the harbour and suggestions for the future and a summary of the Study's recommendations.


refAbstractLine:
Gives a list of coastal engineering projects currently being undertaken and funded by MAFF. For each project, contractor,


refAbstractLine:
objectives and progress details are provided. Each project is referenced individually within the database.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to develop a single numerical modelling system to predict surges, tides and


refAbstractLine:
surface waves in the seas around Great Britain, taking into account the significant interactions among these components.


refAbstractLine:
Progress: the influence of waves on the sea surface stress and hence on the surge produced is being investigated as


refAbstractLine:
well as the influence of the wave generated turbulence on the bottom stress and the interaction between wave induced


refAbstractLine:
current and tide and surge current. This is in preparation for further hydrodynamic studies of the influence of tide


refAbstractLine:
and surge motion, both water levels and currents, on waves. A wave model has been obtained to facilitate these studies.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to improve the statistical methods for predicting extreme sea levels, to resolve


refAbstractLine:
differences between results obtained using the principal methods and to produce prediction of extreme values for


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to provide continuous improvement in the quality of predictions available for


refAbstractLine:
flood protection purposes. Data from a number of sites have been analysed to provide up to date harmonic constants.


refAbstractLine:
Statistical variability of harmonic constants in relation to noise level has been investigated to estimate error limits


refAbstractLine:
in predictions. The results of the investigation has been incorporated into the analysis and prediction models. A time


refAbstractLine:
series of observed and modelled surges has been collected.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to maintain and improve the quality and reliability and availability of sea level data


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to assemble and maintain a bank of well documented and verified observations from the


refAbstractLine:
principal tide gauges around Great Britain as a basis for studies of tides and surges and mean and extreme levels. The


refAbstractLine:
processing and banking of tide gauge data are done on a regular basis and the Institute provides data for other MAFF


refAbstractLine:
commissioned work and scheme work as necessary. In particular, observed data for the West Coast model studies


refAbstractLine:
have been processed and plotted. UK mean sea level has been compiled and banked with the internationally-funded


refAbstractLine:
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level, housed at Bidston. Such data are becoming of increasing importance for


refAbstractLine:
determining secular trends in mean sea level.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this report is to gain an adequate understanding of the contribution of wave-induced set up to


refAbstractLine:
extreme water levels at shoreline. Previous field work on a dissipate beach at Woolacombe, Devon has shown a set-up of


refAbstractLine:
the order of 0.5m. Subsequent work carried out on a reflective beach at Chesil Beach is being analysed and a


refAbstractLine:
third site on the east coast is being investigated to determine the conditions under which the Woolacombe and


refAbstractLine:
Chesil results are more widely applicable.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to provide data for potential flood protection schemes on the south coast and


refAbstractLine:
This project is being carried out by Hydraulics Research Ltd and its objectives are to study the effectiveness of


refAbstractLine:
saltings in reducing wave action at the main line of the sea defences and to prepare the initial study for research into


refAbstractLine:
the hydraulic effectiveness, engineering benefits and growth and protection of saltings. The project aims to identify the


refAbstractLine:
major sites of sea defence importance; review relevant literature; determine accretion or erosion trends; discover


refAbstractLine:
how Water Authorities are tackling problems and review the work done or planned on stabilisation, regeneration or


refAbstractLine:
reclamation; ascertain any parallel studies and recommend, in the light of these findings, future long term research


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to improve the formulae on sediment transport and gain a better understanding of the


refAbstractLine:
physics in coastal waters. The work is being carried out by Hydraulics Research Ltd and NERC Institute of Oceanographic


refAbstractLine:
Sciences and the field data used was obtained off the Isle of Wight between 11 October and 4 November 1986.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to gather information on the long-term performance of several types of novel, low


refAbstractLine:
cost methods of coast protection in order to assist designers in the selection of appropriate methods, and to


refAbstractLine:
assess new developments and products as they are introduced. Also it aims to develop guidelines for management of natural


refAbstractLine:
beaches and to give definitive advice on re-nourishment schemes considering magnitude and frequency of top-up


refAbstractLine:
operations, and to determine the effect of coast protection structures on adjacent beaches. An extensive set of beach


refAbstractLine:
profiles have been gathered and analysed as part of the project.


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this project is to monitor existing structures and assess their structural and hydrodynamic


refAbstractLine:
effectiveness and their effect on adjacent beaches and to carry out laboratory tests to determine the wave absorbing


refAbstractLine:
ability, structural stability etc of new forms of designs. Finally, the project also aims to predict their effect on


refAbstractLine:
adjacent coastlines using numerical technique. Practical aspects have been studied as well as the theoretical side


refAbstractLine:
and advice has been given on schemes on the south coast. The work is being carried out by Hydraulics Research Ltd.


refAbstractLine:
The objectives of this project are to assess the long term stability of various cliffs and the dependence on this on


refAbstractLine:
the nature of the lands above and the beaches and coastal protection works beneath them. Also, it aims to establish an


refAbstractLine:
integrated approach to the strategic management of such cliffs, in order to minimise their maintenance and capital


refAbstractLine:
costs as well as to ensure the safety of people, building and existing coastal protection work in the vicinity of


refAbstractLine:
them. The work is being carried out by Hydraulics Research Ltd and involves a site between Bournemouth and the New


refAbstractLine:
This short paper is in response to proposals by Bournemouth Borough Council to carry out coast protection works at


refAbstractLine:
Hengistbury Head. Whilst Christchurch Borough Council have sympathy with the difficult problem of seeking a solution to


refAbstractLine:
the rapidly increasing erosion of the Head, there is a widely held belief that any structures built under the


refAbstractLine:
headland itself will radically affect coastal conditions downdrift in Christchurch Bay. This paper seeks to justify


refAbstractLine:
these fears by looking at the available historical information together with more modern research and


refAbstractLine:
establishes beyond reasonable doubt that the works as proposed are bound to affect the coast under Christchurch


refAbstractLine:
For some years, Christchurch Council has been stabilising heavily eroding clay cliffs at Highcliffe-on-Sea and has


refAbstractLine:
achieved a substantial measure of success. Whilst regular engineering drainage techniques have provided the basic


refAbstractLine:
solution to these problems and have minimised the risk of major cliff slips, it has become apparent that the long term


refAbstractLine:
management of the coastal strip will rely upon the effective establishment and maintenance of a vegetation cover. This


refAbstractLine:
paper illustrates why this is so and updates the original research commissioned during the early days of the


refAbstractLine:
Large amounts of seaweed are found growing in the shallow sea off Worthing but during storms, this seaweed is torn


refAbstractLine:
from the sea bed and under certain conditions is deposited on the lower sandy beach at Worthing. This deposited weed is


refAbstractLine:
frequently cleared naturally from the beach by the tides but on other occasions it is pushed beyond the reach of the


refAbstractLine:
tides where it decays giving rise to unpleasant smells and the breeding of seaweed flies. This paper reviews the


refAbstractLine:
options available of dealing with the seaweed problem and lists those most suitable. One possible solution would be to


refAbstractLine:
remodel the beach to create a steep slope at the water line and therefore prevent the deposition of seaweed. This could


refAbstractLine:
be achieved by reclaiming the present beach by placing fill to above high tide level and would provide up to 250 ha of


refAbstractLine:
new land seaward of the existing sea front. Further studies are required and the authors lists those investigations,


refAbstractLine:
In May 1987, Binnie and Partners submitted their report of initial studies of the Worthing seaweed problem. The report


refAbstractLine:
identified a number of areas worthy of further research and recommended that a programme of field investigation and


refAbstractLine:
trials be carried out during the summer season to provide additional data on which to base future management and


refAbstractLine:
technical decisions. This report describes the investigation and trials carried out, (including a hydrographic and tidal


refAbstractLine:
current survey), the analysis of results and the recommendations arising from these.


refAbstractLine:
The appendices accompany Volume 1 and provide information on the following: wind and wave data; beach structures;


refAbstractLine:
seawater analysis; shore current studies; seaweed composition and conditions controlling deposition; growth


refAbstractLine:
disturbance; species analysis; retention/ removal of seaweed cast; volume and density measurements; seaweed handling;


refAbstractLine:
lifting trials; pumping tests and trials and fly control.


refAbstractLine:
This report provides a series of recommendations arising from Worthing Borough Council's adoption and implementation


refAbstractLine:
of Stage 1 (November 1987), involving modifications to sea defence works and other means of removal clearance or


refAbstractLine:
control of seaweed deposition and associated environmental problems.


refAbstractLine:
Provides a summary of progress on data collected during investigative surveys and trials in spring and summer of


refAbstractLine:
1987, together with proposed work programme.


refAbstractLine:
The macro-fauna of soft substrata was investigated at 30 sites within 12 different areas covering the whole of


refAbstractLine:
Chichester Harbour. Two 0.01 sq. m cores of sediment, taken to a depth of 15 cm were collected at each site and the


refAbstractLine:
fauna abstracted on a 0.5 mm sieve. A list is given which details 25 genera/ species and a number of other higher


refAbstractLine:
taxonomic groups. The data are used to indicate the numerically richest areas of the harbour with respect to


refAbstractLine:
macro-infauna. These would appear to be the Thorney and Bosham Channels and the north-east shore of Hayling Island.


refAbstractLine:
Air temperatures over Thorney Island and sea temperature data collected from the Admiralty Corrosion Committee's raft


refAbstractLine:
site, south-west of Pilsey Sand, are related to the occurrence of sea breezes in the local area.


refAbstractLine:
The important biological and environmental features of Chichester Harbour are detailed, with an emphasis on


refAbstractLine:
vegetation. The harbour (total area 2400 ha) is described under 3 headings: flats, marsh and shingle, and the


refAbstractLine:
vegetational and ornithological features of each are summarised. Similar data are given for Langstone Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
Collection of papers given at a one day symposium on Spartina organised by the Solent Protection Society. 1)


refAbstractLine:
J.White: The Hythe Spartina reserve; 2) J.G.Manners: Die-back of Spartina in the Solent; 3) D.S.Ranwell:


refAbstractLine:
Management of Spartina marshes; 4) R.V.Gessner: Fungi associated with Spartina alterniflora - seasonal succession


refAbstractLine:
and distribution; 5) J.M.Baker: Effects of oil pollution on Spartina anglica; 6) J.Coughlan: Reclamation of salt marsh.


refAbstractLine:
This paper presents data from sandbanks in the vicinity of Langstone Harbour. The fauna of 3 sandbanks has been


refAbstractLine:
investigated, two of which (Sword Sands and Sinah Sands) lie within Langstone Harbour, while the third and most


refAbstractLine:
extensive, the East Winner, is situated in the Solent, immediately SE of the harbour entrance. April 1973 to


refAbstractLine:
November 1975, samples were collected from stations along a number of transects across each bank. At each station, a


refAbstractLine:
core sample of sediment was taken for subsequent particle size analysis by dry sieving. This provided data on median


refAbstractLine:
particle diameter, degree of sorting and degree of skewness. In addition, data were collected concerning the packing of


refAbstractLine:
the sediment and depth of both the water table and the sulphide layer.


refAbstractLine:
This paper is a response to a Dorset County Council statement regarding the question of whether erosion has been


refAbstractLine:
caused by the winning and working of hand picked pebbles and graded shingle. It is an appeal on behalf of N.H.L.Wraxall


refAbstractLine:
against refusal of planning permission and enforcement notices. No detectable acceleration of cliff erosion due to


refAbstractLine:
gravel extraction can be demonstrated; the cliff immediately behind the extraction site does not appear to have shown any


refAbstractLine:
signs of instability over the past 100 years. Backscar recession to the west and east of the extraction area is not


refAbstractLine:
connected with wave attack of cliff foot, but is the product of groundwater seepage. Proposed imported replenishment


refAbstractLine:
material is close to the prototype in colour, shape, roundness, lithology and hardness.


refAbstractLine:
This paper is the written response on behalf of N.H.L. Wraxall to the written statement by Dorset County Council


refAbstractLine:
dated the 20th January. It is an appeal against the refusal of the Dorset County Council to grant planning permission


refAbstractLine:
for the winning and working of hand picked pebbles and graded shingle together with the replenishment of material


refAbstractLine:
removed quantity for quantity with suitable pebbles and graded shingle of a like nature. These responses include, as


refAbstractLine:
an appendix, the comments of Dr D.J.C. Laming which discusses the topography and geology of Seatown Beach and


refAbstractLine:
Gives a brief description of Chesil Beach followed by a discussion of flooding and recent planning in Chiswell and


refAbstractLine:
the need for further coastal protection works.


refAbstractLine:
This paper mainly describes experiments that have been carried out on two shingle beaches on the south coast of


refAbstractLine:
England. The results for the higher energy environment of Chesil Beach showed that largest tracer material travelled


refAbstractLine:
farthest, and best correlations tended to be with the short axis. At Slapton, however, different sediment parameters


refAbstractLine:
appeared significant at various times. Where linear parameters were relevant correlations were again best with


refAbstractLine:
the short axis, but smaller material travelled farthest. This may reflect different wave regime, a less efficient


refAbstractLine:
sediment rejection mechanism, finer grades of sediment or better adjustment of tracer to indigenous background


refAbstractLine:
material at Slapton. There was a marked degree of selectivity at both sites between material recovered along a


refAbstractLine:
particular zone of the beach compared with the originally injected tracer. Attempts have been made to correlate wave


refAbstractLine:
data from f.m. pressure recorders with longshore transport of the coarse grades of sediment in the inter-tidal zone.


refAbstractLine:
While at Chesil wave direction, frequency and height were all important, there were no obvious relationships at


refAbstractLine:
Slapton. The results have relevance in respect of beach stability and in the conclusions drawn from tracer studies


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a study carried out for West Dorset District Council who are concerned about the increasing


refAbstractLine:
damage by wave action to the piers at West Bay Harbour and the resulting high maintenance costs. Hydraulics Research


refAbstractLine:
Limited were approached to advise on the feasibility of shortening the length of the piers and the effect this would


refAbstractLine:
have on the beach plan shape. Future changes are predicted by the use of the HR beach mathematical model and it is


refAbstractLine:
shown that shortening the piers will be detrimental to East Beach and may cause the sewer outfall to be undermined.


refAbstractLine:
Shortening the piers will also increase the problems of siltation at the harbour entrance. It is recommended that


refAbstractLine:
the harbour piers be maintained at their present length. Recommendations are also made for beach monitoring and


refAbstractLine:
analysis into the likelihood of wave overtopping.


refAbstractLine:
The initial sources of material for pebble and cobble beaches are mainly either from once-glaciated areas or are


refAbstractLine:
associated with flint and chert parent rocks. This, coupled with the relatively large tidal ranges and storm-wave


refAbstractLine:
environment of the U.K., produces a range of features in Britain not widely found on a world scale. There is evidence


refAbstractLine:
to suggest that most pebble and cobble features are 'fossil' in the sense that sediment was 'swept up' from offshore when


refAbstractLine:
relative sea level was lower than at present and that availability of new material is strictly limited. The


refAbstractLine:
criteria for pebble sorting along and across the inter-tidal beach vary, with sometimes size and sometimes shape being


refAbstractLine:
important, but it is not yet apparent as to how specific wave parameters affect this process. Nevertheless, it can be


refAbstractLine:
demonstrated that functions of the significant wave height, Hs, and Sin 2Q, where Q is the angle of the wave approach


refAbstractLine:
relative to a line normal to the beach, appear the most appropriate wave characteristics to produce sorting. The


refAbstractLine:
best correlation between longshore transport and pebble characteristics is that between distance alongshore and


refAbstractLine:
pebble thickness. Tracer experiments demonstrate the existence of different selection mechanisms and that the


refAbstractLine:
recovered material is not necessarily representative of that injected. Below low water mark sorting normal to the beach


refAbstractLine:
is similar to that recorded for sand and implies that the processes there may be comparable. Kelp rafting may be


refAbstractLine:
important locally as a mechanism by which shingle reaches the shoreline. A number of applied examples are given


refAbstractLine:
This paper outlines a general framework for analysis of the problem of beach gradients which divides the system into:


refAbstractLine:
(1) the independent controls, (2) the hydrodynamics, (3) the sediment of dynamics and (4) the morphodynamics. A model is


refAbstractLine:
derived from the combination of these stages which shows close agreement with field data for wave steepnesses of less


refAbstractLine:
than about 0.06, but predicts lower beach gradients than are observed for steeper waves. The use of 'analytical feedback'


refAbstractLine:
in the present model rather than 'iterative feedback' which is used in computer simulations demonstrates that


refAbstractLine:
differential sediment transport may be responsible for stabilising the beach gradient.


refAbstractLine:
Description of the geology along the Dorset coast at the above locations.


refAbstractLine:
Description of the Bournemouth plateau, the 150 ft bluff, the Palaeoliths, ice-borne boulders and finally the


refAbstractLine:
geological sequence in the Bournemouth area.


refAbstractLine:
Summaries of details shown on a series of aerial surveys.


refAbstractLine:
A short paper describing reclamation schemes carried out in Portsmouth which have helped to solve the problems of refuse


refAbstractLine:
disposal and land shortage in this crowded urban area.


refAbstractLine:
In October 1987, Bridport Magistrates Court found Mr T Richards, owner of part of Chesil Beach, guilty of carrying


refAbstractLine:
out two Potentially Damaging Operations (removal of large quantities of beach material) at Cogden Beach without prior


refAbstractLine:
consultation with the NCC. This brief report outlines the sequence of events leading up to the court case.


refAbstractLine:
Gives the background to the problem; draft terms of reference for the study; rationale and details of proposed


refAbstractLine:
research; land boreholes; sub-aqua inspection of immediate offshore zone; longshore drift studies; longitudinal


refAbstractLine:
cross-profiles of the beach; sediment characteristics; inland slopes; sample locations and proposed organisation of


refAbstractLine:
The work described within this report was undertaken during a research studentship at the London School of Economics.


refAbstractLine:
The West Dorset District Council is responsible for coastal protection in South West Dorset. In recent years, the gravel


refAbstractLine:
beaches at West Bay have to adequately protect the land and property behind from erosion and flooding, thus


refAbstractLine:
necessitating the installation of improved sea defences at considerable cost. DCC and WDDC are responsible for planning


refAbstractLine:
issues in the coastal zone. Of particular importance in view of the above coastal protection problems is the commercial


refAbstractLine:
extraction of beach gravel at Cogden and Seatown. Previously, it was difficult to understand how these gravel


refAbstractLine:
extraction operations affected the physical characteristics of local beaches as insufficient scientific evidence was


refAbstractLine:
available. Research work was therefore initiated in order to investigate the natural gravel supply and transport


refAbstractLine:
processes on these beaches, such that the impact of the gravel extraction operations upon the physical


refAbstractLine:
characteristics of the local beaches could be determined by quantitative means. The physical effects of these beach


refAbstractLine:
extraction activities could then be proven, thus allowing the formulation of appropriate management policies. A


refAbstractLine:
separate volume contains the figures which include geological sections; rates of recession of the coastal


refAbstractLine:
backscar 1948-1985; size and lithology of durable material released from the backscar 1901-1985; volumes and particle


refAbstractLine:
size composition of flint and chert gravel released from the backscar; offshore sediment transport at Seatown and sea


refAbstractLine:
Refers to the Black Ven landslip, West Dorset coast.


refAbstractLine:
establish and drill up to four appraisal wells on Furzey Island in order to provide information to confirm both the


refAbstractLine:
extent and potential of the Bridport and Sherwood reservoirs. BP, aware of the quality of the environment of


refAbstractLine:
the area commissioned an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to study the effect its development would have on


refAbstractLine:
Furzey Island and the southern shore of Poole Harbour. The EIA was submitted with the planning application which sought


refAbstractLine:
to obtain permission to drill appraisal wells on Furzey Island. This document is intended to compare the predictions


refAbstractLine:
made at that time with the actual events on Furzey Island. The EIA is only part of BP's ongoing Environmental


refAbstractLine:
Protection Management Programme which continues throughout the life of a development. Details on the approach to


refAbstractLine:
environmental management adopted for the Furzey Island are outlined. During the construction and drilling operations on


refAbstractLine:
Furzey Island, a number of design modifications were made to the original proposals. The environmental effects of these


refAbstractLine:
alterations which were considered during the development are also summarised in this document. In addition, BP


refAbstractLine:
commissioned a number of environmental surveys to increase knowledge of the environment on and around Furzey Island and


refAbstractLine:
to monitor change to that environment during the development. This report will consider the initial results


refAbstractLine:
Assessment of the Wytch Farm oilfield development on the local environment e.g. visual impact, noise impact,


refAbstractLine:
atmospheric emissions, aqueous emissions, waste disposal, oil spills. Also describes environmental monitoring procedures


refAbstractLine:
Contains details on bathymetry, tidal measurements and borehole records, seismic profiling of substrate to a


refAbstractLine:
minimum depth of 10m below sea bed surface. Appendices include survey diary; horizontal control stations; tide


refAbstractLine:
measurements; borehole locations and submarine cables; borehole records and results; laboratory tests - soils,


refAbstractLine:
plasticity, chemical tests; constant head permeability, particle size distributions, personnel and instrument/


refAbstractLine:
This paper provides a preliminary appraisal of the problem of coast protection along the western shoreline of Langstone


refAbstractLine:
Harbour. It gives a geographical description of the area; discusses its chart and map history, the coastal dynamics


refAbstractLine:
and site conditions and finally summarises future coastal engineering measures. The appendices include charts of


refAbstractLine:
Langstone Harbour in 1967 and 1783; a map taken from the West Winner reclamation study showing erosion and accretion


refAbstractLine:
between 1869 and 1972; wind data and oblique photographs of the shoreline.


refAbstractLine:
In March 1982, the writer was asked to investigate the problem of shingle accretion at the Eastney outfall. A


refAbstractLine:
programme of hydrographical and topographical surveying was recommended, the latter including echo-sounding, current


refAbstractLine:
metering and bed sampling. Because of the increasing urgency attached to the problem the writer was further requested to


refAbstractLine:
make a preliminary appraisal, prior to the completion of the survey programme and the processing of the results. This is


refAbstractLine:
the purpose of the present report. It includes discussions on the outfall history, hydrography, littoral drift,


refAbstractLine:
accretion in the vicinity of the outfalls, the effect on outfall performance and possible remedial measures. The


refAbstractLine:
appendices include oblique and aerial photographs; location and hydrography maps and a map showing littoral drift in the


refAbstractLine:
Solent from Selsey Bill to Gilkicker Point.


refAbstractLine:
This short paper comments upon the HR report concerning the effects of proposed dredging off the south-east Isle of


refAbstractLine:
Wight on the Hayling Island coastline. Harlow concludes that the dredging will have a measurable effect on the life


refAbstractLine:
expectancy of Hayling Island Beach Replenishment Scheme, due to commence in April 1985. Havant Borough Council would not


refAbstractLine:
wish to see the areas dredged without further research work being carried out by HR. This includes carrying out wave


refAbstractLine:
predictions for winds of 260 degrees, increasing the tide level adopted from 4.1m to 5.6m and evaluating possible


refAbstractLine:
sediment routes through the dredging areas to the coastline.


refAbstractLine:
This paper describes the landslips that occur along the Dorset coast from the county boundary with Devon as far east


refAbstractLine:
Numerous oblique and aerial photographs - mostly black and white and undated and unsorted. Date back to around 1950.


refAbstractLine:
Vertical air photos of Chesil Beach and The Fleet. 1:3000, flown 19/8/82. Black and white, stereo cover, 166 prints.


refAbstractLine:
Vertical air photo run, 15/9/79. Black and white, 155 prints, stereo cover.


refAbstractLine:
Seatown beach profiles taken 13-14 November 1985. 6 sections keyed into plan of coast at scale of 1:2500. Also tidal


refAbstractLine:
prediction graphs and brief description of material composing beach surface.


refAbstractLine:
Survey carried out in June 1985. Provides a table of axial parameters and shape characteristics of 11 offshore bed


refAbstractLine:
samples. Some accompanying comments on staining and encrustation of limestone and chert clasts.


refAbstractLine:
Hand-written records of samples and echo sounder track of seabed offshore Seatown (obtained by WDDC and WWA).


refAbstractLine:
Hand-written summary of main sediment characteristics. Object of survey (carried out in June 1984), was to ascertain the


refAbstractLine:
presence and possible mobility of gravel immediately offshore Seatown beach. None were found, but there is


refAbstractLine:
evidence of a partially relic, partially or potentially mobile "boulder bed".


refAbstractLine:
Data on tracer experiments using aluminium pebbles.


refAbstractLine:
Beach profile monitoring - southern seaboard of Portsea Island from Point to Eastney. Data collected over several


refAbstractLine:
years by the City Engineer and Southern Water Authority.


refAbstractLine:
Set of oblique photographs recording foreshore and sea defences from Point to Eastney (black and white).


refAbstractLine:
This report contains the brief for the hydraulic model study of Weymouth Bay. The aims of this study are to: (1) To


refAbstractLine:
assess the effect of various harbour extensions: (a) On the existing coastal regime in Weymouth Bay and the harbour


refAbstractLine:
mouth. (b) On the rate of siltation of the harbour mouth. (c) On the accretion of sand on Weymouth's main tourist


refAbstractLine:
beach. (2) To assess the effect of a beach nourishment scheme at the southern end of the bay adjacent to the main


refAbstractLine:
esplanade. In order to study the above, a three dimensional physical hydraulic model with a mobile bed is proposed. The


refAbstractLine:
scale of the model and the limits of the area to be modelled are dependent on overall costs and the possibility of


refAbstractLine:
supplementing the physical model with a computer model of the whole of Weymouth Bay and Weymouth Harbour. The brief


refAbstractLine:
contains a study of the hydraulic regime of the western end of Weymouth Bay carried out by Dr.I.P.Jolliffe and findings


refAbstractLine:
and conclusions from fluorescent tracer experiments. The appendices include maps showing tidal circulation patterns


refAbstractLine:
in Weymouth Bay; a comparison of submarine contours on the 1895 and 1953 hydrographic surveys; bottom sediment maps of


refAbstractLine:
Weymouth Bay 1850-1965; erosion/ accretion maps of Weymouth Bay 1850-1965; a diagrammatic representation of shingle


refAbstractLine:
circulation in Weymouth Bay; a diagrammatic representation of the littoral drift of shingle using fluorescent tracers


refAbstractLine:
and details of dredging records in Weymouth Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
This report presents the particle size distribution curves for sediment samples taken from various offshore locations


refAbstractLine:
at Hengistbury Head on December 8th 1987. The sampling positions are provided.


refAbstractLine:
at Hengistbury Head on February 22nd 1988. The sampling positions are provided.


refAbstractLine:
at Hengistbury Head on 10th August 1988. The sampling positions are provided.


refAbstractLine:
at Hengistbury Head on the 31st August and 5th September 1988. The sampling positions are provided.


refAbstractLine:
Large collection of colour photographs of beach conditions and groynes. Taken as part of groyne survey. Dated but not


refAbstractLine:
Tables, plans and profiles of beach and groynes as part of ongoing Groyne Survey, started in 1985, in connection with


refAbstractLine:
monitoring of coastal protection measures and (since 1987), the incidence of seaweed dumping. Frequency of measurements


refAbstractLine:
are between 2 weeks and one month for any one site, coinciding as far as possible with both major storms and


refAbstractLine:
high spring tides. The groyne survey is being carried out to obtain systematic data on groyne condition and necessary


refAbstractLine:
repairs and other remedial works. It is justified on the basis of a lack of previous monitoring and the need to


refAbstractLine:
formulate longer-term plans for coastal protection and their costs. Data recorded includes heights of groyne piles above


refAbstractLine:
beach; notes on wear to the base and at the top, above planking; condition and number of planks; plank face rot.


refAbstractLine:
Mid-groyne beach profiles determined by levelling using T.B.M.'s and notes on beach sediment patterns in close


refAbstractLine:
association with profiles determined visually.


refAbstractLine:
7 bound files on 'Conditions of Sea Front', January-July 1977. Hand-written entries on condition and maintenance


refAbstractLine:
problems affecting groynes and protection structures, slipways, etc.


refAbstractLine:
Daily tide gauge data, 1985 to present and continuing. Large archive of charts and tables, the latter giving information


refAbstractLine:
on recorded tides, differences from standard ports and weather conditions.


refAbstractLine:
File of particle size distribution curves of beach samples, Solent Beach, 1975.


refAbstractLine:
File of data sheets on monthly records of wind direction and force, December 1973 - December 1983. Recorded at


refAbstractLine:
Large collection of mounted and annotated colour photographs of groyne repair and reconstruction; old groyne removal and


refAbstractLine:
100+ black and white photographs of Boscombe Beach, 1970 - August 1975 (irregular frequency - most are for December


refAbstractLine:
16mm colour film and VHS video on (1) Bournemouth beach renourishment 1974-75, Phase 2. (2) As above, Phase 3.


refAbstractLine:
The scope of this project is to carry out an investigation of meteorological effects on the tidal behaviour at Bournemouth


refAbstractLine:
Pier. Tidal heights for the first three months of 1977 have been analysed together with meteorological data. Dynamic and


refAbstractLine:
static analyses have been carried out and have been compared with static corrections for the Port of Southampton. The


refAbstractLine:
report also includes descriptions of the generation of tides, surge tide interaction, methods of prediction and the


refAbstractLine:
Details of methods and procedures of wave recording at a coastal location in Poole - May, June 1974 to March 1979


refAbstractLine:
(offshore Southbourne); wind data from Portland Bill and computation of wave climate. The latter is resolved for


refAbstractLine:
average height and period; wave height exceedance; spectral width and storm persistence. Wind climate; wind-wave


refAbstractLine:
diagrams; extreme wave height prediction.


refAbstractLine:
This report sets out to: 1) Outline the uniqueness of Hengistbury Long Beach when compared to all other beaches in


refAbstractLine:
Poole Bay. 2) Examine the possible origins of its beach sediment. 3) Discuss the stability factor of the beach. 4)


refAbstractLine:
Assess the relative importance of onshore-offshore and longshore sediment movements in the overall sediment


refAbstractLine:
transport regime. 5) Evaluate the impact of contemporary wave processes on the beach. 6) Give an assessment of the


refAbstractLine:
alternative measures for coastal protection.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes in detail the beach replenishment operation carried out at Bournemouth, Hampshire, from


refAbstractLine:
1974-1975. An attempt has been made to follow the history of coast development in this area and also the efforts of the


refAbstractLine:
local authority to maintain an adequate beach and promenade frontage. Unlike many other south coast holiday centres


refAbstractLine:
Bournemouth is of comparatively recent origin and most of the sea front development has been carried out during the


refAbstractLine:
present century. The sea wall and promenade is the result of successive stages of construction, commenced in 1907. By


refAbstractLine:
1960 over 10kms of the soft cliff frontage has been protected and groynes had been placed at strategic points


refAbstractLine:
along the coast. There is little doubt that most of the coastal strip in this area would have receded had it not


refAbstractLine:
been for the careful watch of the local engineers and the remedial work which they carried out. In 1970, a new method


refAbstractLine:
was tried in which sand replenishment was applied artificially to a short length of beach. This proved to be a


refAbstractLine:
partial success and it was followed by a much larger scheme in 1974-75, when approximately 650,000 cubic metres of sand


refAbstractLine:
dredged from the offshore Dolphin Sands was pumped ashore. Under a grant from the Director General of Water Engineering


refAbstractLine:
(DoE) an extensive programme to monitor the effects of the operation was carried out. Survey coverage of the beach and


refAbstractLine:
near inshore zones was performed and from these data it was possible to calculate the volume changes relative to the


refAbstractLine:
pre-nourishment period. Although the mean size of the pumped sand was coarser than the indigenous material, considerable


refAbstractLine:
quantities of the finer fractions were lost in the early stages. This led to a progressive increase in the mean size


refAbstractLine:
of the remaining sand. The work goes some way towards establishing the changes in the volume of beach material


refAbstractLine:
brought about by the summer and winter variations in wave climate, but it is recommended that the behaviour of the


refAbstractLine:
beach should be monitored for a further 5 to 10 years before a final judgement is made on the performance of the scheme.


refAbstractLine:
There are few references in the published literature to the verification of wave refraction models utilising field data.


refAbstractLine:
More often, such models have been compared to the results of analytical solutions or using laboratory models. This paper


refAbstractLine:
reviews the present state of knowledge of such verifications and describes a method which has been successfully employed


refAbstractLine:
at a coastal site in the central English Channel. The procedure involves hindcasting recorded Waverider Buoy wave


refAbstractLine:
information from a nearshore region to deep water. A comprehensive coverage of wind data has been utilised to


refAbstractLine:
provide the offshore wave approach direction. Wave orthagonals have been tracked inshore and the breaking wave


refAbstractLine:
heights and directions compared with observed data. The results show reasonable comparison where the waves are free


refAbstractLine:
from diffraction. However, for oblique wave attack, diffraction around headlands produces evident anomalies.


refAbstractLine:
Details of laboratory tests (particle size distributions) on sea-bed samples; shallow seismic survey of sea-bed; current


refAbstractLine:
measurements and an overview of the geology and shoreline processes around the perimeter of Poole Bay. Substrate to


refAbstractLine:
within -9m of seabed is predominantly sand. Trials with sea bed drifters and fluorescent sands indicated a predominantly


refAbstractLine:
easterly component of longshore and nearshore drift. Data on transport velocities for various sizes of particles is


refAbstractLine:
This interim report covers the progress of the Research Project over this particular period. Regular topographical


refAbstractLine:
and hydrographical surveys have been carried out, to monitor the movement of the beach and seabed materials, and tide,


refAbstractLine:
wind, wave and current data collected. Sand samples have been collected, described and analysed. Two sets of aerial


refAbstractLine:
photographs have been taken of the whole frontage under review and in addition still photographs taken at regular


refAbstractLine:
intervals at selected locations to illustrate the changes in beach levels. The film of the beach nourishment scheme and


refAbstractLine:
the research project should be complete in late February 1976. Details are given of costs of the project during the


refAbstractLine:
period and of estimates of future studies. The beach feeding contract for the artificial renourishment of the Bournemouth


refAbstractLine:
frontage was completed in August 1975. A small beach feeding project was also carried out over a short length of the


refAbstractLine:
Barton-on-Sea defence works by the New Forest District Council. Weather conditions over this period are described.


refAbstractLine:
Report on the progress made with the research project over this particular period. During 1976 regular topographical


refAbstractLine:
and hydrographical surveying continued in order to monitor the movement of the beach and seabed materials. Further


refAbstractLine:
wind, wave, tide and current data have been collected; also sand samples have been classified. A number of interim


refAbstractLine:
analyses of the data so far obtained were made. One set of aerial photographs of the whole frontage was taken in May.


refAbstractLine:
The film of the beach nourishment scheme and the research project had approached its final form by the end of the


refAbstractLine:
year. Details of the costs incurred to the end of the period under review, together with forecasts of future expenditure,


refAbstractLine:
Report consists of 17 borehole logs to investigate the stratigraphy and the name of the failure plane in the area


refAbstractLine:
During the last 10 years, a number of experiments based upon the use of the Woodhead seabed drifter have been carried out


refAbstractLine:
in the coastal waters off Bournemouth, principally in order to gather information relating to the movement of sand


refAbstractLine:
particles on the sea bed of Poole Bay. The following report is an account of these experiments and the results obtained


refAbstractLine:
from them. An appraisal is made of the more interesting factors which have emerged from the study and limited


refAbstractLine:
In view of the considerable annual recession of the cliffs above Solent Beach, some integrated overall scheme of


refAbstractLine:
coastal defences will be needed if further loss of valuable amenity land is to be avoided. Many schemes have been


refAbstractLine:
considered culminating in the present proposals, initially involving the construction of two pairs of groynes. This


refAbstractLine:
scheme now drastically reduced, should have constituted only part of a larger scheme and not the lasting project using


refAbstractLine:
the "controlled erosion" process to precipitate stable bay configurations. The reasons for this are outlines in the


refAbstractLine:
paper and an alternative is suggested. The paper discusses present erosion, average rates of erosion and the behaviour


refAbstractLine:
Hydraulics Research receives many enquiries on the possible effects that offshore dredging might have on adjacent


refAbstractLine:
beaches. On many occasions, inadequacy of knowledge has been apparent. It is against this background that during the last


refAbstractLine:
6 months HR have considered what research is necessary to improve understanding in this field and the possibilities


refAbstractLine:
are listed in this report (in the form of necessary field and laboratory work).


refAbstractLine:
A selection of papers presented by Borough, City and County Councils within Hampshire and the Isle of Wight which


refAbstractLine:
describe the physical characteristics of the coast; types of development and use made of the coast; recreational use and


refAbstractLine:
Wind data taken at Bournemouth Pier providing information on wind direction, velocity and force.


refAbstractLine:
The following report, tables and drawings set out the information obtained by divers, a sonic sediment detector,


refAbstractLine:
air jetting and dredging, during a survey of a small area of Bournemouth Bay. Provides details of PSD and thickness of


refAbstractLine:
sea-bed material immediately offshore of Alum Chine. Samples obtained along 2 traverses, normal to LWM, extending from


refAbstractLine:
Westcliff Lift and Tofts Zig-Zag. Brief details of nature of sea-bed surface topography are included.


refAbstractLine:
Survey carried out to establish the sand levels and thickness' from an average distance offshore of 2400 feet,


refAbstractLine:
in to the beach. Also includes raw data on beach levels; particle size distribution curves and weather reports.


refAbstractLine:
The purpose of the study reported in this paper is to compare the 3 years of results so far obtained from the


refAbstractLine:
gauge on Bournemouth Pier with the predictions for the standard port, thus deriving fresh differences as regards


refAbstractLine:
monitoring the fluctuations which are known to exist. Some observations are made upon the spring/ neap cycle; the


refAbstractLine:
quoted height differences; the effect of meteorological changes and upon the more unusual phenomena recorded during


refAbstractLine:
In 1976, the Inspectorate of Ancient Monuments, Department of Environment, suggested that a working party be


refAbstractLine:
established to investigate the numerous problems that were apparent at Hengistbury Head. This report aims to cover


refAbstractLine:
this. It includes details on the geomorphological history (cliffs and beaches); coast protection schemes; natural


refAbstractLine:
The erosion of earth cliffs is a major cause of land loss in lowland Britain. The high rates of erosion are primarily


refAbstractLine:
caused by marine processes removing material from the cliff foot thus facilitating the occurrence of further falls. Most


refAbstractLine:
eroding cliffs could be protected effectively by major engineering works, but the very high costs involved


refAbstractLine:
generally restrict the use of such methods to areas where valuable property is threatened. A consideration of various


refAbstractLine:
aspects of slope erosion has shown that, in many cases, vegetation can significantly influence slope stability.


refAbstractLine:
Vegetation can increase the strength of the surface layers of the soil by developing the plant root systems. Vegetation


refAbstractLine:
also requires water for its growth and plant roots are able to extract water from a considerable depth in the soil. The


refAbstractLine:
consequent reduction in soil moisture levels increases the strength of the soil. In these two ways, vegetation can be a


refAbstractLine:
major factor in increasing slope stability. The nature of the vegetation determines the extent to which these factors


refAbstractLine:
will operate. The coastal environment imposes limitations on the growth of vegetation, and the choice of plants must thus


refAbstractLine:
be carefully related to each particular situation. It is also possible to enhance artificially the processes by which


refAbstractLine:
vegetation increases slope stability. Deep drainage has long been recognised as a vital part of slope stabilisation and


refAbstractLine:
there is a need to consider the joint effects of water removal by artificial drainage and by vegetation growth. The


refAbstractLine:
mechanical strength of the surface layers of soil when plant roots are well developed could be further enhanced by the


refAbstractLine:
incorporation of artificial fibres in the system. Further research is needed to select the optimum methods for using


refAbstractLine:
vegetation to increase coastal slope stability. This report identifies key areas especially in relation to the


refAbstractLine:
production and use of artificially reinforced turf.


refAbstractLine:
Describes the use of the headland, the incidence of erosion and other damage and suitable remedial measures.


refAbstractLine:
This management plan is a guide to the understanding of the area which it covers. Part 1 gives a factual description of


refAbstractLine:
the Hengistbury Head, area designed to give the information necessary to understand the problems discussed in Part 2.


refAbstractLine:
Part 2 describes the general policy of management, considers the specific problems which have to be resolved and


refAbstractLine:
recommends ways of dealing with these problems. Part 3 describes the administrative structure and organisation.


refAbstractLine:
Part 4 summarises the main features of the management plan in map form.


refAbstractLine:
Investigation into the current physical conditions and recommended remedial measures for the main cobb structure;


refAbstractLine:
seawall between Lym mouth and Cobb Gate Jetty; seawall at East side of Lym mouth; North Wall at Cobb; Victoria Pier;


refAbstractLine:
museum frontage seawall; North Wall; Gun Cliff groyne; Church Cliff groyne; Marine Theatre groyne and Main slipway.


refAbstractLine:
Concludes with recommended priority of works and estimate of costs. Appendix 1: trial borehole information. Appendix 2:


refAbstractLine:
history of the structures; development of the Cobb (by A.F. Chapman) - a collation of all historical records, extending


refAbstractLine:
back to 13th century, of all forms of breakwaters, piers, walls and slipways and groynes - their foundation problems;


refAbstractLine:
materials of construction; evolution of design principles; erosion and deterioration. Appendix 3: some recorded data


refAbstractLine:
Details of geological composition and bearing capacities of substrate at the Cobb, Lyme Regis obtained by PSA, borehole


refAbstractLine:
investigations and chemical analyses to determine pH values and proportions of soluble sulphate. Discussion of findings


refAbstractLine:
accompanied by recommendations of suitable concrete for building structures.


refAbstractLine:
The sequence of soil deposits on the inland slopes N.E. of Lyme Regis are described and details are given of their


refAbstractLine:
geotechnical properties. The Cretaceous and Lias Heads at the top of the sequence are considered to be the product of


refAbstractLine:
periglacial solifluction involving the active layer. A zone of Disturbed Lias, underlying the Lias Head and overlying


refAbstractLine:
the in situ Shales-with-Beef, is interpreted as being the former zone of permafrost, which penetrated up to 7m below


refAbstractLine:
ground level. Observations are presented of shallow strongly folded structures in the Disturbed Lias, exposed locally in


refAbstractLine:
the sidescarps of a landslide system at East Cliff. The overturned chevron folds are interpreted as being the result


refAbstractLine:
of compression at the toe of a translational slide which affected the Disturbed Lias during its thawing. The intense


refAbstractLine:
folding is set in a periglacial context by the observation of shale intruded into the necks between boudins within the


refAbstractLine:
folds and by a back analysis of the intrusion which leads to an estimated undrained strength of the shale, much lower


refAbstractLine:
Background details of topographic form and geological basis of investigation site; history of coastal erosion and


refAbstractLine:
accumulation for Lyme Regis as a whole, prior to 1950; history of landslipping in vicinity of Church Cliffs and


refAbstractLine:
East Cliff back to 1840's; details of events of coastal protection since 1950; present-day condition (morphological


refAbstractLine:
and geotechnical) of cliffs and basal groynes; data on cliff crack monitoring, 1/7/83 - 20/2/84; conclusions on various


refAbstractLine:
degrees of stability of sea wall; specific recommendations.


refAbstractLine:
Contains incidental reference to morphology and recent instability of cliffs in Lower Lias to immediate east of


refAbstractLine:
Gives details on site conditions; history of landslipping; inferred and interpreted failure mechanisms; site


refAbstractLine:
investigations (10 boreholes, 17 trial pits and exposure mapping) into rock (soil characteristics; geometry of slip


refAbstractLine:
surfaces; local groundwater conditions; possible causes of 1973 and 1975 landslides). Also interpretation and


refAbstractLine:
recommendations on remedial works and monitoring.


refAbstractLine:
Gives details on general topography; local stratigraphy and geology; topography of main slip area; history of


refAbstractLine:
landslipping and coastal erosion prior to 1950; sequence of events at East Cliff 1950-1984; landslipping between East


refAbstractLine:
Cliff and Black Ven; soil profile, trial pits, groundwater and ground movements investigative data; the surface water


refAbstractLine:
catchment; present landslip features and types of landslipping; operational strength and weathering of slopes;


refAbstractLine:
proposed remedial measures and monitoring. Appendices provide information on: (1) ground movements; (2) piezometer


refAbstractLine:
monitoring; (3) laboratory strength tests; (4) previous documentation.


refAbstractLine:
Provides details on general topography; local stratigraphy and geology; topography of main slip area; history of


refAbstractLine:
Cliff and Black Ven; soil profile; trial pits, groundwater and ground movements investigative data; surface water


refAbstractLine:
catchment; present landslip features and types of slipping; operational strength and weathering of slopes; proposed


refAbstractLine:
remedial measures and monitoring. Also, further details on surface features associated with recent and contemporary


refAbstractLine:
ground movements immediately NNE of site.


refAbstractLine:
A collection of eight short papers, mostly concerned with management response to public pressures on the coastal


refAbstractLine:
resources of Purbeck ( with particular reference to its designation as a Heritage Coast ). Includes a paper by P.C.


refAbstractLine:
Ensom, "The geology of the Purbeck marine reserve", pp5-8, which provides a background geological detail on the


refAbstractLine:
As part of a general research programme into geological mapping of coastal areas for engineering purposes, a


refAbstractLine:
geological and geophysical survey of the sea floor to the south-east of the coast between Lyme Regis and West Bay,


refAbstractLine:
Dorset was carried out. The survey covered 90 sq. km and resulted in detailed mapping of two eastward plunging


refAbstractLine:
anticlines and their contemporary synclines. The east-west and north-east-south-west trending faults, which produce


refAbstractLine:
major structural changes, occur within 1 mile of the coastline and demonstrate the problems of extrapolating


refAbstractLine:
coastal stratigraphy to any great distance offshore.


refAbstractLine:
Correspondence and memos giving data on (1) offshore dredging of gravels, (2) removal of pebbles from Chesil


refAbstractLine:
Beach, West Bay etc, (3) flooding of Chiswell, (4) movement of shingle along Chesil Beach; general map evidence for


refAbstractLine:
displacement of HWM and historical data on flood tide observations and shingle ridge height throughout the 19th


refAbstractLine:
century (reported by Civil Engineer-in-Chief, RN base, Portland).


refAbstractLine:
Gives some background data on offshore dredging in connection with appeals versus planning permission to use


refAbstractLine:
land adjacent to Poole power station for marine aggregate import and storage by Westminster Gravels Limited.


refAbstractLine:
Examines the relationship between extraction of shingle and coast erosion along the West Dorset coast. Refers to


refAbstractLine:
evidence given by Mr Farmer in December 1955 concerning possible sources of beach material and types of coastal


refAbstractLine:
On the 10th January, 1955 the County Planning Committee refused five applications for permission to extract sand and


refAbstractLine:
shingle from various beaches of the West Dorset coast. The applicants subsequently appealed against this decision and


refAbstractLine:
the appeal was heard at a Public Inquiry held in December 1955. This report, which has a general bearing on the


refAbstractLine:
problem of erosion of the West Dorset coast, comprises the evidence given at the Inquiry by Mr B.Farmer. It considers


refAbstractLine:
the costs of coast protection; the protection afforded by beach materials; the retreat of the coastline west of


refAbstractLine:
Bridport; the movements of shingle along Chesil and the changes in the configuration of Chesil and using historical


refAbstractLine:
A review of the available literature on coastal and offshore sediment transport. Includes a summary of experiments off


refAbstractLine:
Shoreham Harbour concerned with shingle transport and a discussion of sediment movements in Weymouth Bay and around


refAbstractLine:
Profiles of beaches have been taken at the following locations at the given dates: (1) Portland: 1956-1958, (2)


refAbstractLine:
52 surveys between 1979 and 1988, (5) Eype: July 1974 and May 1977. (6) Charmouth: April 1977, (7) Westhay Water:


refAbstractLine:
April 1977, (8) St Gabriels Mouth: July 1977, (9) Lyme Regis: August 1977, (10) Golden Cap: September 1984, (11)


refAbstractLine:
Coyden Beach: 5 surveys between 1986 and 1987, (12) Seatown hydrographic survey: June 1984. These profiles are depicted


refAbstractLine:
as diagrams at a scale of 1:100, with a location plan, and graph of predicted low water, showing the time of survey at


refAbstractLine:
each section. Horizontal distances across the beach are measured, the slopes being measured by clinometer. Control


refAbstractLine:
has been obtained by spirit levelling from O.S. bench marks or temporary local benchmarks fixed to O.S. datum. The type


refAbstractLine:
and size of beach material is noted but not the wave characteristics. Seatown and West Bay have been surveyed at


refAbstractLine:
approximately two month intervals at low water springs, to obtain the maximum amount of beach exposed. Seatown


refAbstractLine:
hydrographic survey extends the sections through the inter-tidal zone to about the 5.0m submarine contour. Work


refAbstractLine:
carried out by the "Wessex Explorer" survey launch, shows the position and depth of various material to a distance of


refAbstractLine:
Seven samples labelled "A" to "G" of beach gravel from Lyme Bay were examined petrologically. Pebbles of Chalk flint,


refAbstractLine:
Upper Greensand chert form 84% or more by weight of the samples, the remainder consisting of Jurassic limestone and


refAbstractLine:
pebbles of Devonshire rocks other than flint or chert. The latter contribute about 1% and include Bunter sandstone,


refAbstractLine:
breccia, basalt and tourmaline-schist. Appendices include Particle Size Distribution curves.


refAbstractLine:
This report was used as part as a written statement by Dorset County Council to support the decision to refuse


refAbstractLine:
planning permission for winning and working of hand-picked pebbles and graded shingle at Seatown Beach, Chideok. The


refAbstractLine:
report examines the potential sources of material to the Seatown beach system; whether such material reaches and is


refAbstractLine:
stored in the beach; whether material is lost from the beach system and finally, any evidence of changes to beach


refAbstractLine:
Correspondence regarding (1) proposed extraction of sand and gravel from East Beach, West Bay, Bridport, (2) proposed


refAbstractLine:
extraction of sand and shingle from the beach at Burton Bradstock and (3) proposed extraction of sand, shingle and


refAbstractLine:
gravel from Charmouth Beach. These letters express the opinion of the Minister of Housing and Local Government


refAbstractLine:
This statement is a response from Dorset County Council to the statement on behalf of N.H.L.Wraxall (10/2/88) and it


refAbstractLine:
also considers the supporting geological report on Seatown Beach by Dr D.J.C.Laming. Wraxall appealed against the


refAbstractLine:
refusal of the D.C.C. to grant planning permission for the winning and working of hand picked pebbles and graded


refAbstractLine:
shingle and the replenishment of material removed quantity for quantity with suitable pebbles and shingle of a like


refAbstractLine:
nature. D.C.C. found insufficient evidence to justify the practice of removal of beach material and advises the


refAbstractLine:
Secretary of State to bring an end to mineral extraction on Dorset's beaches. The appendices includes a table of annual


refAbstractLine:
retreat rates of sea cliffs and backscars along the West Dorset coast.


refAbstractLine:
Evidence given by the Deputy County Planning Officer, Dorset County Council against the continuation of extraction of


refAbstractLine:
beach material from Cogden Beach. Includes a description of the site and its surroundings; planning policies; historical


refAbstractLine:
factors and comments on the current proposal by T.Richards.


refAbstractLine:
Evidence given at the Public Inquiry into appeal by T.Richards regarding gravel extraction at Cogden Beach. In


refAbstractLine:
this statement, the author describes the scientific importance of Chesil Beach; the quantities of shingle likely


refAbstractLine:
to be present and the losses through extraction and the evidence regarding the availability of new sources of


refAbstractLine:
supply. The author expresses concern regarding the effects of removal of pebbles from the beach since "it would appear


refAbstractLine:
that, in spite of its size, Chesil is a fossil feature which is at a comparatively late stage in its geological


refAbstractLine:
Evidence given by the Senior Planning Officer, Dorset County Council against the proposal by T.Richards to extract


refAbstractLine:
material from Cogden Beach. Discusses the amenity value of the area and concludes that any development, such as gravel


refAbstractLine:
extraction, is an intrusion into a unique and sensitive area.


refAbstractLine:
This evidence was given as part of the appeal against refusal of planning permission to extract sand and shingle


refAbstractLine:
from Cogden Beach by T.Richards. The author describes the main characteristics of the beach, based on his own


refAbstractLine:
observations and measurements and on information from published literature; considers the question of whether any


refAbstractLine:
accretion is occurring on the beach and if the extraction at the appeal site is causing any of the damage that is said to


refAbstractLine:
result from it. He concludes that during the last 20 years, the beach crest at Cogden Beach has increased in height by


refAbstractLine:
nearly one metre and the beach profile has increased in area by 29 square metres, equivalent to accretion of about 10,000


refAbstractLine:
tonnes of material on the appeal site despite the removal of 80,000 tonnes during the same period. Evidence also suggests


refAbstractLine:
that the position of HWM of medium tides has not changed. The same trend is shown for central Chesil. The author


refAbstractLine:
therefore suggests that this part of the Chesil Beach has not suffered damage as a result of commercial extraction in


refAbstractLine:
the past 20 years and that planning permission should be granted to allow the annual production of not more than


refAbstractLine:
4,500 tonnes, subject to not more than 12,000 tonnes being taken in any three consecutive years.


refAbstractLine:
Short set of proposals to alleviate flooding problems affecting the Portland-Weymouth road.


refAbstractLine:
File: coast protection. Various reports and includes records of tide observations; wind force and direction data and


refAbstractLine:
numerous reports on Solent Beach coast protection - sections and plans.


refAbstractLine:
File containing details of the nature of beach material on beach profiles and beach levels.


refAbstractLine:
Minutes of various meetings discussing methods of shoreline protection: groynes, embankments, artificial seaweed,


refAbstractLine:
Description of the Harbour and gives advice on the construction of another pier.


refAbstractLine:
A survey of Christchurch Harbour with a view to its improvement by the removal of these obstructions that impede


refAbstractLine:
Report upon the present state of the harbour and proposed means of improvement.


refAbstractLine:
Report to the Chairman and Members of the Beach Committee. Describes erosion and accretion in Christchurch Bay and


refAbstractLine:
Describes formation of the coast; erosion; offshore sediment transport; tides and possible methods of shoreline


refAbstractLine:
Shows details of historical maps of Christchurch Harbour e.g. Yarranton's Map, 1676.


refAbstractLine:
The present survey, carried out in July 1986, aimed to collect information on the variety of habitats and


refAbstractLine:
communities present subtidally in the west Solent, together with similar information for the few rocky intertidal areas


refAbstractLine:
on the north coast of the Isle of Wight. No Man's Land Fort in Spithead was also studied. A total of 35 sites were


refAbstractLine:
sampled of which 31 were intertidal. At each site, the abundance of epiflora, epifauna and conspicuous infaunal


refAbstractLine:
species was recorded in situ. Subtidal sites were sampled using a combination of trawling, dredging and diving


refAbstractLine:
Solent beach profiles and description of nature of beach material.


refAbstractLine:
Series of oblique photographs providing record of constructional progress of the Hengistbury Head groyne,


refAbstractLine:
The report describes in detail the geology and topography of the cliff exposures within the Borough and the schemes that


refAbstractLine:
have been carried out to stabilise the slopes. The report details the present engineering problems that have had to be


refAbstractLine:
overcome in order to achieve stability and the techniques employed to attain stable slopes. The current problems


refAbstractLine:
facing the Beach and Cliffs Committee, as the managing committee on behalf of the Council, are highlighted and the


refAbstractLine:
problems of financing and programming cliff stabilisation works are discussed. Recommendations for cliff works are


refAbstractLine:
Solent Beach sampling - particle size distribution curves.


refAbstractLine:
Describes the nature of the cliff, cliff instability, gives recommendations for improving cliff stability and details of


refAbstractLine:
This survey, carried out in June 1987, collected information on the variety of habitats and communities present


refAbstractLine:
subtidally and intertidally in Christchurch Harbour. A total of 32 sites were visited, of which 23 were intertidal and 9


refAbstractLine:
subtidal. At each intertidal site the abundance of flora, epifauna and conspicuous species was recorded in situ.


refAbstractLine:
Sediment cores were taken and sieved over a 0.5 mm mesh to obtain quantitative infaunal data. Subtidal areas were


refAbstractLine:
sampled using a combination of diving and dredging. Within the harbour, habitat diversity was low and predominantly


refAbstractLine:
sedimentary in nature, or sediment influenced. Epifaunal and algal diversity was also low due to the generally reduced


refAbstractLine:
salinity regime, and a lack of stable substrata . The most diverse fauna and flora found was on the isolated ironstone


refAbstractLine:
boulder outcrops outside the harbour. The macrofauna was also of low diversity generally and was characterised by


refAbstractLine:
very dense populations of a restricted number of species. The scientific and nature conservation importance of the


refAbstractLine:
area has been assessed using standard criteria. No species of particular scientific interest were found during this


refAbstractLine:
survey work, but the conservation importance of three invertebrate species recorded by other workers from brackish


refAbstractLine:
saltmarsh habitats has been assessed. These were two species of ostracods, Callistocythere murrayi Whittaker and


refAbstractLine:
Cytherois stephanidesi Klie, and an amphipod, Gammarus insensibilis Stock. Although the harbour has been assessed


refAbstractLine:
mainly as an estuary, it also possesses distinctly lagoonal properties, and the assessment of this coastal may require


refAbstractLine:
adjustment as the status of Britain's lagoonal habitats becomes better known.


refAbstractLine:
distribution, extent and types of salt marsh in order to make better informed and scientifically based conservation


refAbstractLine:
decisions. Presented here is the general summary of the site information gathered for the Isle of Wight.


refAbstractLine:
22 potential lagoon sites were visited of which 11 satisfied the brackish lagoon criteria and are described in this


refAbstractLine:
report. Details of flora and fauna present are given.


refAbstractLine:
This study concentrates on the location of licensed aggregate and dredging sites; the environmental impacts of


refAbstractLine:
offshore aggregate dredging and the present state of the marine aggregate industry in Hampshire and the Isle of


refAbstractLine:
Descriptive account of conditions of cliff stability of area between slopes below West Hill to Hounstout Cliff, excluding


refAbstractLine:
foreshore and slipped mass between Egmont Point and Hounstout. A primary cause of accelerated, and continuing,


refAbstractLine:
movement is fissuring resulting from clay shrinkage together with critical pore water pressure related to complex


refAbstractLine:
perched' water tables in the substrate and in the slipped masses themselves. In the valley bottom leading to Chapman's


refAbstractLine:
Poole, creep and sheet slides are maintained by toe erosion due to channel incision and lateral movement. Along the open


refAbstractLine:
coast, instability and flow movements are due principally to toe erosion by wave action coupled with lubrication and


refAbstractLine:
seepage along stratigraphic horizons. None of the above observations are based on geotechnical measurements, but on


refAbstractLine:
site visits and visual evaluation. The report concludes with several suggestions for both emergency and short to


refAbstractLine:
A descriptive account of the geotechnical properties of the cliffs around the margin of Lulworth Cove, with qualitative


refAbstractLine:
evaluation of known and probable mechanics of instability and failure. No attempt is made to relate these to


refAbstractLine:
stratigraphic horizons. Purbeck Series are dominated by cavitation of weaker horizons and shear failure. Wealden


refAbstractLine:
Series largely affected by surface run-off and sub-surface seepage, promoting superficial slippage and a relatively


refAbstractLine:
high rate of regression. The chalk is comparatively stable, but exhibits weathering at seepage points and


refAbstractLine:
semi-continuous shallow slab or sheet slides at a few locations. Short-term remedial measures are suggested.


refAbstractLine:
Descriptive account of geotechnical features and properties of cliffs at western end of Lulworth Cove (Portland


refAbstractLine:
Limestone promontory) and Stair Hole. The latter was dominated by near mudflow conditions affecting the Wealden


refAbstractLine:
Clays at time of site inspection. Failure may be related to tension cracks or shrinkage cracks created by drought


refAbstractLine:
conditions of 1975 and 1976, but will be exacerbated by ponding of surface water at points where there has been


refAbstractLine:
backtilting of freshly displaced slip failures. Some intermediate remedial measures are suggested.


refAbstractLine:
This study covers the cliffs of North Beach from Beach Restaurant northwards for the whole of the paved promenade


refAbstractLine:
(some 600m) behind the sea wall. Over this length there are a number of places where cliff falls have occurred and, in


refAbstractLine:
some, repairs in the form of revetments and retaining walls have been carried out in the past. Trevor Cocker and


refAbstractLine:
Partners have been appointed to investigate the continuing erosion and stability of the cliff and to give engineering


refAbstractLine:
solution and costing of preliminary schemes. They carried out a survey of the cliffs in July 1986, the results of


refAbstractLine:
Detailed report of the investigation of the geological structure and geotechnical parameters defining the stability


refAbstractLine:
of the cliff in the Purbeckian limestone series at and below the site of a multi-storey block of flats known as Durlston


refAbstractLine:
Cliff at Belle Vue Road, Swanage (GR SZ 0345 7817). Data collected and described includes topography; stratigraphic


refAbstractLine:
horizons and fault locations; pore water pressures in Lower Purbeck series, which are compared with previous surveys


refAbstractLine:
dating to 1974. Significant changes in topography and in tension crack development are noted. The stability of the


refAbstractLine:
flats is then evaluated in the event of (a) no further cliff failure; (b) failure back to primary fault line and (c)


refAbstractLine:
prior to remedial works being undertaken. Detailed remedial works are recommended in the light of recent history of


refAbstractLine:
instability and present situation. Appendices include trench records; borehole logs; lab test results; PSD curves; shear


refAbstractLine:
test results; compressive strength, point load and Hock Shear Box Test data.


refAbstractLine:
General evaluation of geotechnical properties, stratigraphy and both marine and subaerial processes promoting


refAbstractLine:
instability and failure, both long-term and specifically since development of cliff top.


refAbstractLine:
File: coast protection up to Local Government Reorganisation, 1974. Mostly North Beach: non-systematic


refAbstractLine:
records, largely concerned with protection materials and costs.


refAbstractLine:
In August 1986, HR were asked by Lewis and Duvivier to initiate preliminary studies to assess the effect of a


refAbstractLine:
proposed new harbour breakwater on the existing coastal regime in Swanage Bay. The study was essentially a review of


refAbstractLine:
existing data and was supplemented by a site appraisal. An historic review of Ordnance Survey maps was undertaken to


refAbstractLine:
identify long-term coastal trends and to evaluate the nature of the littoral drift in the bay. Due to the lack of data


refAbstractLine:
with regard to the velocity and direction of the tidal currents inshore, a mathematical model which simulated tidal


refAbstractLine:
flows along the south coast was used to obtain an estimate of the strength of the currents through the tidal cycle. As


refAbstractLine:
an outline of this report, Chapter 2 looks at the hydraulics regime of the Bay, between the two headlands of Peveril


refAbstractLine:
Point in the south and Ballard Point to the north. It evaluates coastal trends, discusses the beach formation and


refAbstractLine:
behaviour and assesses the wave and tidal climate of the area. Chapter 3 discusses the impact on the area of the


refAbstractLine:
existing coastal structures and chapter 4 reviews the possible effects of the proposed new harbour development.


refAbstractLine:
The final chapter summarises the conclusions made in this short study and also makes recommendations for future


refAbstractLine:
Summary of data acquired by consultants (HR and Posford Duvivier) appointed by Purbeck District Council -


refAbstractLine:
bathymetry; offshore sediment samples; seismic data on sea bed substrate; tidal levels and tidal streams; current meter


refAbstractLine:
data; wave height and period; beach profiles; beach sediment samples; hydraulics and mathematical models to predict


refAbstractLine:
effects of harbour construction on coastal regime; coastal change derived from successive O.S. map editions; sea-bed


refAbstractLine:
contour change between 1938 and 1987; waves and littoral drift; general effects of harbour on beach and sea-bed east


refAbstractLine:
to Peveril Point. Overall opinion is that levels of accuracy and confidence for predicting environmental changes have


refAbstractLine:
been well-established - the view of the consultants that harbour will not have adverse hydraulic effects is endorsed.


refAbstractLine:
A depth-integrated mathematical model was used to simulate tidal flows in the near-coastal region of Swanage


refAbstractLine:
Bay between Handfast Point and Durlston Head and to predict effect of proposed marina development on representative


refAbstractLine:
spring and neap tidal flows. Float track simulations were used to predict to the effects of marina development on


refAbstractLine:
effluent discharge from outfall at Peveril Point.


refAbstractLine:
A desk study of wave conditions and littoral drift in Swanage Bay, using hourly wind data from Portland together


refAbstractLine:
with a wave forecasting model. Refraction calculations were used to obtain inshore wave climate at Swanage Pier,


refAbstractLine:
Tanville Ledges and the Mowlem Centre. Results were used to calibrate net littoral drift rates in southern Swanage Bay,


refAbstractLine:
before and after construction of proposed breakwater, together with maximum rates of prolonged sediment movement


refAbstractLine:
Includes particle size distribution analysis of seabed samples as well as from beach profile locations.


refAbstractLine:
Meteorological records, January 1987 - April 1987.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a desk study of wave conditions at the proposed site for a yacht harbour in Swanage Bay, Dorset.


refAbstractLine:
The work was commissioned by Lewis and Duvivier. Conditions some way offshore from the site were calculated using hourly


refAbstractLine:
wind data from Portland and a wave forecasting model. Subsequently a wave refraction model was used to obtain


refAbstractLine:
details of the corresponding wave climate at an inshore point near to the marina. Results obtained include


refAbstractLine:
calculations of the annually averaged height, period and direction of the waves, and also predictions of extreme wave


refAbstractLine:
Brief history of human development of Swanage Bay; geology, geomorphology and coastal processes; outline of proposed


refAbstractLine:
yacht haven; outline of studies - bathymetry, wave climate; tidal currents; beach profiles (1899-1974), offshore


refAbstractLine:
sediment samples; borehole log offshore end of existing pier. Effects of proposed works on coastal environment in 6


refAbstractLine:
consecutive sections (Tanville ledges to Peveril Point), and offshore. Overall conclusion is that yacht haven will have


refAbstractLine:
little significant impact on either coastal regime, pollutant discharge and some aspects of ecology e.g. seaweed


refAbstractLine:
This report describes in detail the beach replenishment operation carried out at Bournemouth from 1974-75. There is


refAbstractLine:
little doubt that most of the coastal strip in Poole Bay would have receded had it not been for the continuous


refAbstractLine:
attention of the local authority and the implementation of capital works and repairs to the sea defences whenever they


refAbstractLine:
appeared to be necessary. In 1970, a small trial beach nourishment scheme was undertaken. This proved to be a


refAbstractLine:
dredged from the offshore Dolphin Bank was pumped ashore. Under a grant from the DoE, an extensive programme to


refAbstractLine:
monitor the effects of the operation was carried out. Regular survey profiling of the beach and near inshore zones


refAbstractLine:
was performed. This made it possible to calculate the volume changes relative to the pre-nourishment period. Although the


refAbstractLine:
mean size of the pumped sand was coarser than the indigenous material, considerable quantities of the finer fractions


refAbstractLine:
were lost in the early stages. This led to a progressive increase in the mean size of the sand in the intertidal


refAbstractLine:
zone, and a reduction in the rate of deterioration of the beach. The work goes some way towards establishing the


refAbstractLine:
changes in the volume of beach material brought about by the summer and winter variations in wave climate, but it is


refAbstractLine:
recommended that at least a further five years of survey will be necessary before sensible conclusions can be drawn.


refAbstractLine:
Provides details of substrate conditions - soil mechanics, PSD, borehole descriptions.


refAbstractLine:
Boreholes taken across cliff face are presented in tabular form, with numerical annotation of depths and thickness' of


refAbstractLine:
all lithological horizons. There is some indication of perched water tables.


refAbstractLine:
Various reports concerning coastal erosion and remedial measures in the Bournemouth area: (1) Coast protection,


refAbstractLine:
situation report 1977; (2) Hengistbury Head sub-committee meeting concerning erosion problems 1978; (3) Beach


refAbstractLine:
Seabed sampling was undertaken using a dredge sampler and sieve analysis was carried out on the samples obtained. The


refAbstractLine:
results of this analysis are contained in this document.


refAbstractLine:
Summarises previous beach renourishment schemes at Bournemouth (pilot scheme on the West Beach, 1970;


refAbstractLine:
Portobello Beach scheme, 1972; 1.6km of beach, 1974-75) and describes the administrative procedures behind such schemes.


refAbstractLine:
This report tabulates the processed wave data for the month of August 1977, for the Waverider Buoy in Poole Bay and for


refAbstractLine:
the Waverider in Christchurch Bay, maintained by the National Maritime Institute.


refAbstractLine:
The purposes of this study are to define the biological interest of the harbour; to define the range of existing


refAbstractLine:
harbour uses and to seek to lay some basis for the planned use and conservation of the harbour resources.


refAbstractLine:
This assessment provides a general synthesis of the results of 3 surveys which together have covered all areas of the


refAbstractLine:
subtidal harbour bed. It is also designed to serve as a baseline, according to which any changes concerning species


refAbstractLine:
or areas of particular interest can be identified by resurveying. The interdependence between natural and human


refAbstractLine:
aspects of the subtidal system are considered in the context of environmental management and particularly the prospects


refAbstractLine:
for maintaining or improving natural environmental quality.


refAbstractLine:
This management plan sets out details of the following: location, ownership and occupancy; statutory and planning


refAbstractLine:
designations and other constraints; physical description (geology, soils etc); flora and fauna; landscape


refAbstractLine:
description, including the physiographical history of the spit; archaeology and recreation.


refAbstractLine:
The object of these experiments, which were carried out in a large wave basin at HR, was to determine the best type of


refAbstractLine:
groyne installation to achieve the largest build-up in beach levels. The test programme is to be continued and this short


refAbstractLine:
Extensive commercial exploitation of marine deposits of sand and gravel will cause alterations in the topography of the


refAbstractLine:
offshore sea bed. The lowering of the sea floor by dredging could cause changes in the pattern of erosion and deposition


refAbstractLine:
along adjacent coastlines by altering the wave climate. Preliminary tests in the laboratory on the effect of the


refAbstractLine:
reflection and distortion of waves by an offshore bank show that removal of an offshore bank may cause the erosion or


refAbstractLine:
accretion of a beach. The controlling factor appears to be the relative depth over the bank but it is emphasised that


refAbstractLine:
tests were made only for a limited range of variables. There is evidence that meaningful tests are impossible in a non


refAbstractLine:
This report describes the main areas which influence the need and potential for land reclamation from the sea in the


refAbstractLine:
United Kingdom. Because land reclamation is in a sense a service activity as well as a productive activity it has an


refAbstractLine:
extremely broad involvement in technology, economics, social factors, legal factors, political and administrative factors


refAbstractLine:
and many others. The aim of this research has been to identify the reasons for the lack of apparent interest in


refAbstractLine:
land reclamation from the sea in the U.K. as compared to France, Holland, America and other countries. As such, the


refAbstractLine:
authors have attempted to provide a complete context for analysis of the problems of land reclamation, rather than to


refAbstractLine:
pursue one particular side of the problem. It is hoped that this will provide the overall viewpoint which is necessary


refAbstractLine:
for rational evaluation of land reclamation from the sea in this country.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a computer programme which predicts the way that gravity waves refract over an uneven sea bed.


refAbstractLine:
The method uses wave 'rays', i.e. lines perpendicular to the wave crests. In the first part of the report, an outline of


refAbstractLine:
the procedure is presented, together with the relevant mathematical theory, whilst the second part and the various


refAbstractLine:
appendices are concerned with the FORTRAN subroutines written to implement the method on a digital computer.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a simple mathematical model of the changes in plan shape of a beach backed by a sea wall. The


refAbstractLine:
method includes a new equation for predicting the alongshore transport of sediment which includes the effect of wave


refAbstractLine:
heights which vary along the beach. To demonstrate the validity of the model, it is compared with a physical model


refAbstractLine:
Wave refraction is illustrated by considering waves propagating over a seabed with straight parallel bottom


refAbstractLine:
contours. A computational method that minimises problems due to caustics is described for an irregular seabed topography.


refAbstractLine:
The refraction effects of harbour entrance channels are also considered. A method of determining the reduction in wave


refAbstractLine:
height due to bed friction is presented and the bed friction factor is discussed. Various types of wave breaking in


refAbstractLine:
shallow water are described and the maximum height of breaking waves is discussed. Mechanisms of long wave (wave


refAbstractLine:
periods of the order of minutes) generation are given with emphasis on the effect in shallow water of wave grouping.


refAbstractLine:
Methods of predicting the response of harbours to wave action are considered starting with models of wave


refAbstractLine:
diffraction for a flat seabed and leading up to computational models and physical models for more general


refAbstractLine:
Groynes have been used as a means of coastal protection for many years; despite this there is still a considerable


refAbstractLine:
variation in the functional design characteristics (length, spacing, height, angle of inclination, shape and


refAbstractLine:
permeability) adopted in practice. This literature survey is the first part of an overall review of the methods of groyne


refAbstractLine:
design. The review was initiated by CIRIA (Construction Industry Research and Information Association). A close


refAbstractLine:
examination was made of those papers which give detailed information about groyne performance. Analysis of these


refAbstractLine:
papers produced a reasonable consensus of opinion. This report summarises the findings of the survey. Conclusions


refAbstractLine:
about the optimum design characteristics and the factors which influence them, are drawn from the literature on both


refAbstractLine:
physical model tests and prototype groyne installations. Tables are included which summarise the different groyne


refAbstractLine:
characteristics as determined from the complete reference list. A lack of information about the performance of short


refAbstractLine:
groynes (typically used on shingle/ sand beaches on the south coast of England) is evident.


refAbstractLine:
Experiments have been carried out to investigate the effect of a dredged channel on waves approaching at various angles


refAbstractLine:
using a single period wave-maker at a scale of 1 to 100. Although it was found that at normal incidence resonance's


refAbstractLine:
can occur across the channel width with an enhanced wave height over the channel, the results indicate that this


refAbstractLine:
effect is unlikely to be strong for wind generated waves. In general, the results indicate that ordinary wave refraction


refAbstractLine:
theory will provide a reasonable first estimate of the wave climate over typical dredged channels. This first estimate


refAbstractLine:
will be made more reliable if an appropriate wave spectrum for the site in question is used in the refraction model. It


refAbstractLine:
is important that this spectrum represents an appropriate spread in wave direction.


refAbstractLine:
This manual describes how to set up and run a mathematical tidal model of an estuary. Full descriptions are given of


refAbstractLine:
the preliminary programs involved. The tidal flow programs themselves are described in sufficient detail for use, but


refAbstractLine:
detailed descriptions may be found in a companion report if required (Rekey 1619).


refAbstractLine:
This report describes in some detail the methods used in the tidal flow programs at HR. Uniform, non-uniform and locally


refAbstractLine:
Wave heights measured in a physical model of a real harbour are compared with predictions from a mathematical ray model.


refAbstractLine:
The results are encouraging in that the ray model appears to describe well the combined effects of diffraction around


refAbstractLine:
breakwaters, refraction and reflections from harbour boundaries; three of the most important effects of waves in


refAbstractLine:
A considerable amount of work, both theoretical and experimental, has been carried out in the past to


refAbstractLine:
investigate wave run-up on smooth impermeable beaches and on sandy beaches but very little, if any, on shingle beaches.


refAbstractLine:
The ultimate aim of this research project is to produce criteria to assist engineers in the design of shingle


refAbstractLine:
beaches for shore protection. It was considered that the existing run-up wave height relationships derived from


refAbstractLine:
impermeable or sandy beaches would produce an over-design when applied to shingle beaches and that worthwhile


refAbstractLine:
economies were possible by the application of a more appropriate relationship. It was originally proposed to


refAbstractLine:
carry out measurements in the field to investigate the relationships between the various parameters affecting


refAbstractLine:
run-up but in view of the time and cost involved in obtaining comprehensive field observations it was decided to


refAbstractLine:
carry out laboratory experiments first and then to follow up with limited field tests to check the validity of the


refAbstractLine:
This report describes the modifications that have been made to the HR finite difference, time development tidal model to


refAbstractLine:
enable the study of long period harbour resonance to be made. The model has been applied to a harbour layout


refAbstractLine:
previously studied in a physical model and the comparison is described here. Although a satisfactory calibration of the


refAbstractLine:
mathematical model was made, it does appear that the mathematical model over-predicts the amount of long wave


refAbstractLine:
energy in the important period range of 30 seconds to 50 seconds. This is in spite of representing all the known


refAbstractLine:
energy dissipation mechanisms in the mathematical model. As it stands the mathematical model can be used to obtain a


refAbstractLine:
preliminary estimate of any long period resonance's that may occur in a proposed harbour layout but in view of the above


refAbstractLine:
result it cannot be relied upon to give accurate quantitative answers. This work should be considered as a


refAbstractLine:
step in the development of a more complete mathematical model capable of describing the complete wave spectrum.


refAbstractLine:
Laboratory work is reported here on the diffraction by a single arm breakwater of disturbances at wave group periods.


refAbstractLine:
The general objective of this work is to establish if set-down beneath wave groups diffracts differently from free


refAbstractLine:
long waves of the same period. If such differences exist then harbours will respond differently to two of the main


refAbstractLine:
sources of long period wave energy in nature, i.e. set-down and surf beat. The experiments reported here have been


refAbstractLine:
carried out using a device to minimise spurious secondary long waves from the wave generator. Such a device is


refAbstractLine:
necessary for the clear interpretation of experimental results from long wave research investigations. As an


refAbstractLine:
additional aid to interpretation of results, regular wave groups have been used so that set-down occurs at a single


refAbstractLine:
beat frequency and this frequency has been chosen so that surf beats i.e. reflections of set-down from model


refAbstractLine:
boundaries, are minimised. By comparing the long period disturbance created behind the breakwater with the


refAbstractLine:
diffraction of a free long wave of the same period it is possible to establish any differences between set-down and


refAbstractLine:
long wave diffraction. The experimental results are consistent with the idea that well into the shelter of the


refAbstractLine:
breakwater free long waves are produced when set-down is diffracted by a breakwater. The magnitude of this


refAbstractLine:
disturbance is similar to that produced when a free long wave of the same height and period as set-down is incident


refAbstractLine:
on the breakwater. However, in the vicinity of the shadow line created by the single arm breakwater the disturbance


refAbstractLine:
produced by diffracted set-down is different from long wave diffraction both in phasing and magnitude. These differences


refAbstractLine:
diminish gradually as one moves into the shadow. The main conclusion of these experiments is that in both physical and


refAbstractLine:
mathematical harbour modelling it is necessary that set-down be correctly represented. In particular, the approximation


refAbstractLine:
sometimes used in mathematical modelling that set-down can be represented by separate free long waves is likely to


refAbstractLine:
cause errors in harbour response. This leads to the requirement for a full non-linear mathematical model of


refAbstractLine:
waves in harbours in which irregular waves interact naturally to produce set-down beneath wave groups. The


refAbstractLine:
experimental results both highlight some unknown effects and provide some useful data against which future non-linear


refAbstractLine:
mathematical models of waves in harbours may be judged.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes the computer program developed at Hydraulics Research to analyse data from wave-rider buoys.


refAbstractLine:
The raw data is first checked for errors, which are corrected. Subsequently a zero down-crossing analysis is


refAbstractLine:
used to examine individual waves, followed by a Fourier analysis which provides information on the frequency


refAbstractLine:
Coastal engineering works are designed to serve two main purposes. These are the prevention of flooding of land


refAbstractLine:
adjacent to the shoreline, and the protection of a stretch of coast against erosion. The design of a scheme to achieve


refAbstractLine:
either of these aims will require information on the wave conditions which are likely to occur at a coastal site. This


refAbstractLine:
paper describes some of the methods which are available to predict waves at a coastal site, and summarises some of the


refAbstractLine:
techniques which may be used to aid the design of coastal works.


refAbstractLine:
This paper reviews at some length the methods used to assess the possible effects of offshore dredging on the coastline.


refAbstractLine:
HR are retained by the Crown Estate Commissioners to advise them on such effects; on the basis of both general


refAbstractLine:
experience of coastal processes and more specific research carried out into the hydraulic aspects of offshore dredging.


refAbstractLine:
The effects on fisheries, navigation and coastal ecology are, however, considered by other organisations and not


refAbstractLine:
This review is the first phase in an attempt to update estuary regime theory, using a geomorphological approach,


refAbstractLine:
particularly in the light of the more recent developments in the understanding of sediment transport processes. A


refAbstractLine:
preliminary literature search covering a selection of some of the more relevant publications on estuaries is presented.


refAbstractLine:
The scope of the search encompasses estuary and river regimes, the effects on regimes of engineering works and the


refAbstractLine:
properties of sediments and the theory of sediment processes. Some of the main shortcomings of current regime


refAbstractLine:
theory and its extension from rivers to estuaries are highlighted; proposals are made for the development of the


refAbstractLine:
work including initially extending the review processes. There is sufficient evidence to suggest that the possibility


refAbstractLine:
exists for producing a classification of estuaries by physical processes and also the formulation of a model


refAbstractLine:
system capable of describing the interaction of these processes.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes preliminary work carried out to develop a mathematical model which will represent accurately


refAbstractLine:
wave effects at a harbour entrance. The aim of this research was to extend the range of entrance configurations which can


refAbstractLine:
presently be included in the harbour ray model.


refAbstractLine:
This report is the official HR account of an investigation into the run-up on shingle beaches, summarising experiments


refAbstractLine:
carried out between 1982 and 1984. These experiments were carried out using regular waves, to facilitate


refAbstractLine:
interpretation of the results obtained. Further tests using random waves will be described in a future report.


refAbstractLine:
This brief report summarises the present position regarding the availability and quality of instrumentally recorded wave


refAbstractLine:
data around the coasts of England and Wales. The main emphasis is on data which can be used in the design of sea


refAbstractLine:
defence or coast protection works, including beach improvement schemes. Attention is drawn to areas where more


refAbstractLine:
information is required. This report was prepared for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.


refAbstractLine:
This report is a review of methods of prediction, analysis and modelling of wave conditions in deep water and at


refAbstractLine:
inshore locations. It is intended for coastal engineers as an outline of the methods currently available for predicting


refAbstractLine:
wave conditions, with emphasis on the most recent techniques. The report is in two parts. Part 1 contains a


refAbstractLine:
description of wave generation at sea and techniques for analysing measured wave data and predicting wave conditions


refAbstractLine:
from wind records. Part 2 contains a description of the shallow-water processes affecting waves as they travel from


refAbstractLine:
deep water to the coast, together with a review of the computational techniques for modelling these wave


refAbstractLine:
This report is review of the coastline of south-east England from the Thames to Selsey Bill. In it are described the


refAbstractLine:
various natural and man-made processes which affect the behaviour of this particular stretch of Britain's coastline.


refAbstractLine:
The report includes a description of the major coastal defences, areas of erosion and accretion and various other


refAbstractLine:
aspects of beach behaviour. Information is given about winds, waves and tidal currents. Various stretches of


refAbstractLine:
coastline which for coastal engineering purposes can be treated as independent or semi-dependent cells are also


refAbstractLine:
identified. The report is the fourth of a series covering the coastline of England and Wales which HR are carrying out


refAbstractLine:
This report describes work carried out by HR into the movement of sand by combined waves and currents. It has been


refAbstractLine:
This report reviews the coastline between Selsey Bill and Portland Bill. In it are described the various natural and


refAbstractLine:
man-made processes which affect the behaviour of this particular stretch of Britain's shoreline. The report


refAbstractLine:
includes a description of the major coastal defences, areas of erosion and accretion and various other aspects of beach


refAbstractLine:
development. Stretches of coastline which for coastal engineering purposes can be treated as independent or


refAbstractLine:
semi-dependent cells are also identified.


refAbstractLine:
This report reviews the coastline between Portland Bill and Avonmouth on the south-west coast. In it are described the


refAbstractLine:
various natural and man-made processes which affect the behaviour of this particular stretch of coastline. The


refAbstractLine:
report includes a description of the major coastal defences, areas of erosion and accretion and various other aspects of


refAbstractLine:
beach development. Stretches of coastline which for engineering purposes can be treated as independent cells are


refAbstractLine:
This report is a short review of the various types of Mathematical Modelling techniques that are available in the


refAbstractLine:
U.K. to simulate and predict the physical dispersal of sewage and trade effluents in tidal waters. The models are


refAbstractLine:
assessed in terms of their capability to predict the effect of effluents on Environmental Quality objectives, with


refAbstractLine:
special reference to mixing zones. The report does not discuss the biochemical or biological aspects of the models.


refAbstractLine:
The main weakness of the types of one-dimensional models of estuaries currently used by Water Authorities in the U.K. is


refAbstractLine:
the neglect of suspended particulate pollutants. There is a need to test and demonstrate the application of


refAbstractLine:
multi-dimensional, multi-process models to a selected number of estuaries in the U.K.


refAbstractLine:
This interim report describes the reasons for the creation of a computer based system to store and analyse beach survey


refAbstractLine:
data, the objectives of such a system and the progress achieved so far in reaching those objectives. It has been


refAbstractLine:
the experience of HR that a vast amount of beach surveying has been carried out at many sites around the coastline of


refAbstractLine:
the U.K., forming a potentially valuable source of information for research workers and design engineers alike.


refAbstractLine:
Much of this data, however, is stored in graphical form and has been consigned to plan chests and filing cabinets. The


refAbstractLine:
importance of the data in predicting the effects of engineering works on the coastline cannot be emphasised too


refAbstractLine:
strongly. For example, on the east coast of England following the 1952 storm surge, many coast protection works


refAbstractLine:
were subsequently built or improved and at the same time the local river boards instigated a programme of beach surveys


refAbstractLine:
which are still being carried out. The analysis of this data should give invaluable guidance to the design engineer on,


refAbstractLine:
for example, the rate at which beach levels in front of a sea wall could be expected to fall. Such knowledge, albeit


refAbstractLine:
empirical, could then be incorporated into computational beach models to improve existing techniques for predicting


refAbstractLine:
the long term evolution of beaches following engineering works. Before advantage can be taken of the data, however, a


refAbstractLine:
system has to be designed and built to accept the raw data, store it in an organised fashion, and carry out basic


refAbstractLine:
analysis. Is it precisely this system which is described here. There has been little time to gather any large amount


refAbstractLine:
of data, but to demonstrate the analysis methods developed so far, profiles retained at the Station for four sites have


refAbstractLine:
been stored in the data base. Examples of the output from the analysis programmes are given in the final chapter.


refAbstractLine:
The following notes deal with experiments on a model beach using groynes at a closer spacing than those described in a


refAbstractLine:
previous report. Both longer and shorter groynes are described, also two experiments using Mobb's type groynes


refAbstractLine:
and one design of rubble groyne. The only satisfactory result was obtained from the last mentioned structure.


refAbstractLine:
Describes existing protection and gives recommendations for further works.


refAbstractLine:
Consultants report concerning proposals for protection works.


refAbstractLine:
Consultants report giving details of results of trial pits and proposals for stage 1 protection works.


refAbstractLine:
Consultants report summarising previous reports, describing works and ongoing projects.


refAbstractLine:
Consultants report giving details of proposed groyne construction and other protection works.


refAbstractLine:
Report giving details of groyne construction and sea wall reinforcement.


refAbstractLine:
Data consists of beach profiles, derived by photogrammetric modelling from specially flown aerial photography. Profiles


refAbstractLine:
drawn to +/- 0.2m accuracy to -2m O.D. along West Sussex coastline and -1.0m O.D. for Hampshire and north-western


refAbstractLine:
Isle of Wight. Plotting points are at distinct breaks of slope, above or at 20m intervals. Profile transects are


refAbstractLine:
spaced at 10 per mile. Original aerial photography (black and white) at contact scale of 1:5000, obtained at frequency


refAbstractLine:
of one complete coverage per year. Length of record varies as follows: (1) Christchurch to Milford-on-Sea (Frontage A),


refAbstractLine:
1983 to present. (2) Milford to Calshot (Frontages B to E), 1979 to present. (3) Calshot to Hamble - no coverage. (4)


refAbstractLine:
Hamble to mouth of Langstone Harbour (Frontages G,H,J.), 1983 to present. (5) Hayling Island (Frontage K), 1976 to


refAbstractLine:
present. (6) East Head and Chichester Harbour through to Fairlight (East Sussex) (Frontages WS A to E), 1973 to


refAbstractLine:
present. (7) Isle of Wight, Cowes to Alum Bay, 1983 to present. (8) Rest of Isle of Wight: beach profile records


refAbstractLine:
not regarded as reliable (withdrawn); aerial photography retained. Contractors 1973-1984 were Meridian Surveys


refAbstractLine:
(Lancing); 1985 to present, Hunting Surveys Limited who flew aerial photography and provided profile drawings. Original


refAbstractLine:
photography (both negatives and contact prints) archived by Southern Water and copies made and held by the majority of


refAbstractLine:
local authorities. Processing undertaken by staff of Coastal Protection Unit of Southern Water (Worthing) includes: (a)


refAbstractLine:
Primary statistical analysis of beach profile data, to indicate volumes of change between profiles for specific


refAbstractLine:
survey dates and for specific transects over time. Analysis is partial, largely determined by demands from local


refAbstractLine:
authorities and other agencies involved in specific projects and investigations concerned with coastal protection. (b)


refAbstractLine:
Development of software program to compare profile configurations for any two data sets, for West Sussex


refAbstractLine:
records. Program for Hampshire and the Isle of Wight currently under development. (c) Development of BDAS


refAbstractLine:
analytical system, with Hydraulics Research. To be applied to data from late 1989 onwards. Data and records currently


refAbstractLine:
(March 1989) held by Falmer office for West Sussex; Otterbourne for Hampshire; Ryde office for Isle of Wight.


refAbstractLine:
Plan is to centralise records at Flood Defence Unit, Worthing under new National Rivers Authority regional


refAbstractLine:
Part one, (Offshore Services, 6, part 6), described the use of sector scanning sonar to study the effects of aggregate


refAbstractLine:
dredging on the seabed south of Hastings. This part continues to describe the observations made of an


refAbstractLine:
The investigation described in this report concerns the security of a submarine outfall laid in May 1968 by Land and


refAbstractLine:
Marine Contractors at West Bay, Bridport for the Borough of Bridport and the Beaminster Rural District Council. The


refAbstractLine:
model studies were performed by HR and the site investigation by Land and Marine Contractors Limited in


refAbstractLine:
Poole Corporation are considering the reclamation of part of the east side of Holes Bay in preparation for the


refAbstractLine:
construction of a new motor road. The area to be reclaimed has been calculated at approximately 125 acres, and the


refAbstractLine:
resulting decrease in tidal volume on a spring tide at about 10%. On neap tides, the reduction in tidal volume is barely


refAbstractLine:
significant. Field surveys have shown that the concentration of solids in suspension in Holes Bay is very low, and that


refAbstractLine:
nearly half of the matter is of organic origin. The proposed reclamation scheme and is possible effects on the area have


refAbstractLine:
been considered in relation to tidal and other data obtained by field survey.


refAbstractLine:
This study is a continuation of earlier work, (EX 303), to determine the reasons why undue ship movements were taking


refAbstractLine:
place at the Outer Coaling Pier, Portland Harbour. An attempt is made to determine the changes in tidal current


refAbstractLine:
activity in the Harbour that would result from the closure of the South Ship Channel.


refAbstractLine:
Ferry Bridge crosses the channel connecting the Fleet with Portland Harbour at Small Mouth. The structure of the bridge


refAbstractLine:
has deteriorated and Dorset County Council proposes to construct a new bridge and connecting channel just to the


refAbstractLine:
south of the present site. This will result in changes in channel formations in the immediate approaches on the


refAbstractLine:
Portland Harbour side and at the extreme south end of the Fleet. The results of hydrographic surveys were used to


refAbstractLine:
investigate the regime of the channel systems at and near Ferry Bridge. Recommendations were made on the orientation


refAbstractLine:
and the extent of dredging required for the new channel. Conclusions include descriptions of most probable forms of


refAbstractLine:
channel development on either side of the new bridge. Hydrographic data, including the results of a


refAbstractLine:
silt-monitoring exercise, are presented in detail for comparison with information which will be collected during


refAbstractLine:
and after construction of the new bridge.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a study carried out for the Crown Estate Commissioners on the effect of dredging in the


refAbstractLine:
approaches to Bembridge Harbour, Isle of Wight. A refraction mathematical model was used to predict wave conditions at a


refAbstractLine:
number of strategic points on the shoreline. The model was used to assess existing conditions and any changes likely to


refAbstractLine:
take place as a result of future dredging. The effect of dredging on the supply of littoral material to the adjacent


refAbstractLine:
beaches has also been taken into consideration.


refAbstractLine:
A field study using soluble radioactive tracers to examine the advection and dispersion of sewage effluent is


refAbstractLine:
described. The results are required to support a numerical flow model that HR are preparing of The Solent to guide


refAbstractLine:
Southern Water in the selection of suitable outfall sites. The effluent discharged from the existing outfall at the


refAbstractLine:
entrance to Langstone Harbour was labelled and tracked but the intention to undertake similar tracer tests at possible


refAbstractLine:
alternative outfall sites in the Solent was thwarted by adverse sea conditions. Recommendations are given for future


refAbstractLine:
HR were commissioned to advise on the potential siltation of a proposed marina and dredged channel at Port Solent,


refAbstractLine:
Portsmouth Harbour. The study comprised an appraisal of existing data and opinions and a brief site survey conducted


refAbstractLine:
HR are assisting Southern Water in the evaluation of various alternative strategies that the water authority have under


refAbstractLine:
consideration for sewage disposal in the Solent. In order to predict the suitability of a number of locations with


refAbstractLine:
respect to flow paths and likely effluent dilution a numerical flow and pollution transport model has been


refAbstractLine:
designed for an area extending from Hurst Castle in the west, to Selsey Bill in the east and the Nab Tower in the


refAbstractLine:
south. A number of radioactive tracer tests were carried out in October 1983 and May 1984. The intention of any one test


refAbstractLine:
was to sustain a steady continuous release of radioactive fluid for the period when the prevailing tidal flow is most


refAbstractLine:
likely to lead to the return of sewage to the shore, and then follow the path and dilution of the labelled plume as


refAbstractLine:
The Shoreham Port Authority have appointed Posford Pavry and Partners (PPP) to carry out a preliminary study to assess


refAbstractLine:
the feasibility of developing the port as a terminal for roll-on/ roll-off cross-channel ferry services. As part of


refAbstractLine:
this development, a new approach channel some 880m long by 120m wide would be required, dredged to a level of 5m below


refAbstractLine:
Chart Datum. However the economic viability of the proposed development will depend significantly on the rate of


refAbstractLine:
dredging which might be necessary to maintain this channel at the required depth. PPP therefore commissioned HR to make


refAbstractLine:
their best estimate of the likely siltation rates within the proposed channel. This report describes the methods which


refAbstractLine:
were used to obtain the estimated siltation, and the results which were obtained.


refAbstractLine:
In October 1984, Southern Water Authority commissioned HR to undertake a 6 week desk modelling study to predict the


refAbstractLine:
performance of a proposed long sea outfall in Sandown Bay. HR were contracted to use an analytical modelling technique


refAbstractLine:
(PLUME) to predict the physical dispersal and die-off of coliforms released at several possible outfall sites for


refAbstractLine:
different tidal and wind conditions and die-off rates. The main aim was to predict the location and extent of zones


refAbstractLine:
where the coliform count might exceed 2000 per 100 ml, which is the EEC permitted standard for bathing beaches. It was


refAbstractLine:
appreciated that the physical processes were complex and that the modelling method was approximate involving a number


refAbstractLine:
of assumptions and empirical coefficients. SWA therefore asked HR to report on the sensitivity of the model


refAbstractLine:
predictions to variations in the values of the prescribed coefficients. The results are presented in terms of


refAbstractLine:
contoured plots of the areas where the concentration of coliforms is likely to exceed 2000 counts per 100 ml at


refAbstractLine:
hourly intervals for 3 possible sites located 1, 1.5 and 2.0 km offshore, for a range of design conditions.


refAbstractLine:
The design of a proposed new sea wall at Ventnor on the Isle of Wight has been model tested at HR. Two main designs were


refAbstractLine:
studied to determine the overtopping and reflection characteristics. The designs were based on a revetment type


refAbstractLine:
main slope of 1:3 gradient fronted by a narrow berm, incorporating some existing works, and topped by a curved


refAbstractLine:
wave return wall. As well as the physical model tests, a probability analysis of water level, wave height and wave


refAbstractLine:
period was also carried out making extensive use of the sea wall design manual which was developed at HR.


refAbstractLine:
A bathymetric survey, for the Transport and Engineering Department of Dorset County Council, of the area around the


refAbstractLine:
recently constructed Ferry Bridge was undertaken as part of a monitoring programme of existing and newly dredged


refAbstractLine:
This document is one of a series of monthly reports on wave measurements in Portland Harbour prepared for BP Petroleum


refAbstractLine:
Development Limited. Each report will contain wave heights, periods and a listing of error flags for the relevant


refAbstractLine:
calendar month. It will also include a brief assessment of data return and quality and any necessary instrument


refAbstractLine:
information. In addition, this first report in the series includes a formal description of the deployment and mooring


refAbstractLine:
methods, and of the analysis and reporting methods used.


refAbstractLine:
This document is one of a series of monthly reports on wave measurement in Portland Harbour prepared for BP Petroleum


refAbstractLine:
Limited. Each report will contain wave heights, periods and a listing of error flags for the relevant calendar month. It


refAbstractLine:
will also include a brief assessment of data return and quality and any necessary instrument information.


refAbstractLine:
A wave refraction study has been carried out for BP International Limited to estimate wave conditions at the


refAbstractLine:
entrances to Portland Harbour during extreme wave conditions. The study was originally undertaken as part of a


refAbstractLine:
project to assess the suitability of the harbour as a site for a permanently moored storage tanker and berths for


refAbstractLine:
Fort Cumberland is located on the southern edge of Langstone Harbour. In the harbour, to the west of the entrance


refAbstractLine:
channel, is Eastney Lake where the proposed Fort Cumberland marina will be situated. It is proposed that the marina will


refAbstractLine:
be built on an area of existing harbour reclamation, construction will therefore entail the excavation of the


refAbstractLine:
fill material behind the present sea wall, the construction of an entrance gateway and the dredging of an entrance


refAbstractLine:
channel and holding basin. This study assesses the likely impact of these works on the local wave conditions.


refAbstractLine:
Wessex Water commissioned HR to investigate the wave climate in West Bay, Dorset and to assess the Authority's proposals


refAbstractLine:
for preventing overtopping of East Beach, Bridport. The HR study indicates that the proposed crest level of 7.5m AOD is


refAbstractLine:
more than sufficient to prevent overtopping under the 100 year design wave. Wave run-up will be greater during long


refAbstractLine:
period swell when wave heights are considerable smaller than the 100 year heights although the proposed crest is unlikely


refAbstractLine:
This report describes work carried out by HR to assess changes to flow conditions off HMS Dolphin in Portsmouth


refAbstractLine:
Harbour caused by the recent dredging off Ballast Bank. The work was commissioned by the Property Services Agency and is


refAbstractLine:
a follow up to a field and desk study undertaken in 1985 to predict the effects of dredging.


refAbstractLine:
This report presents a preliminary assessment of a proposed yacht harbour adjacent to the existing North Pier of


refAbstractLine:
Weymouth Harbour. Particular attention is paid to the possible effects of such a harbour on the beaches nearby and


refAbstractLine:
the existing harbour, as well as presenting an assessment of the hydraulic performance of the harbour itself. The study


refAbstractLine:
was commissioned by Weymouth Yacht Harbours Limited.


refAbstractLine:
A pressure sensing wave recorder was deployed off Shoreham Harbour in early 1986. The instrument collected digitised


refAbstractLine:
two hour records every four hours during times of heavy wave activity. Analysis of this data yielded the normal storm


refAbstractLine:
wave parameters (periods up to 30 seconds), and also the long wave component (periods from 30 seconds to 3 minutes).


refAbstractLine:
These results were used to establish a correlation between long period disturbances and storm waves. The storm wave


refAbstractLine:
conditions occurring during extreme events were calculated from analysis of more extensive data sets collected during


refAbstractLine:
earlier studies. This then allowed the long period wave climate associated with extreme events to be predicted.


refAbstractLine:
This report was commissioned by the Clarke Bond Partnership, designers of a new housing and marina development at


refAbstractLine:
Christchurch Quay. Although effectively an inland site, the Quay is subject to wave attack during times of flooding of


refAbstractLine:
the River Stour into the nearby marshes. All available data relating to wind speeds and directions, flood levels and


refAbstractLine:
land levels in Stanpit Marsh and Christchurch Harbour were reviewed. Wave predictions were carried out both for the


refAbstractLine:
flooded area external to the new development and also for waves generated within the marina basin. Design wave


refAbstractLine:
conditions are given, corresponding to a one hundred year return period event. Advice is given on the possible


refAbstractLine:
increase in wave heights due to reflection within the marina and the wave conditions which are likely to occur at the


refAbstractLine:
Float tracking on a spring and neap tide, current metering on a spring tide, and grab sampling were carried out in the


refAbstractLine:
area of Littlehampton to provide data for HR's Tidal Engineering Department, to assess the feasibility of


refAbstractLine:
improved access to Littlehampton for shipping.


refAbstractLine:
In July 1987, HR were commissioned by Coode Blizard to examine the possible effects on the river regime of


refAbstractLine:
constructing a marina and housing development on the intertidal banks of the western arm of the River Adur at


refAbstractLine:
Shoreham. The proposal involves the redevelopment of the existing boat building factory, together with reclamation of


refAbstractLine:
an area of mudflats, where there are currently slipways.


refAbstractLine:
As part of their coal fired generation planning strategy the Central Electricity Generating Board are investigating the


refAbstractLine:
potential for expanding power generation at Fawley. This study is concerned with the midfield cooling water plume and


refAbstractLine:
their effects on environmental temperatures of the proposed development. Primary recirculation is not expected to be a


refAbstractLine:
problem at this site because of the separation of the intake and outfalls.


refAbstractLine:
In July 1987 HR were commissioned by West Dorset District Council to assess the likely effects of a proposed new


refAbstractLine:
slipway in Lyme Regis Harbour. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the new works would increase the


refAbstractLine:
likelihood of flooding of Cobb Square during periods of combined high water level and severe wave activity.


refAbstractLine:
A chart analysis has been carried out to determine whether dredging in Sandown Bay off the Isle of Wight could have


refAbstractLine:
affected the adjacent coastline. Unauthorised dredging has been taking place outside the limits of license area 213 and


refAbstractLine:
HR were asked to assess the likelihood of this dredging having any detrimental effect. It was found that the depths


refAbstractLine:
of water in which the dredging was carried out were no different to water depths in the legal boundaries of the


refAbstractLine:
area of permitted dredging. Using guidelines developed at HR it was concluded that the dredging activities inside and


refAbstractLine:
outside the licensed area are very unlikely to have had any effect on the adjacent coast.


refAbstractLine:
Wootton Hard is a shingle bank near the mouth of Wootton Creek, Fishbourne. Opposite the Hard is a ferry terminal


refAbstractLine:
used by Sealink car ferries operating between Fishbourne and Portsmouth. The Hard is owned by a sailing school, and its


refAbstractLine:
operations have been adversely affected by movement and erosion of the shingle. This report considers available


refAbstractLine:
information about the changes in the shape of the Hard, and assesses the relative contributions to the erosion made by


refAbstractLine:
wind waves, boat waves and tidal currents.


refAbstractLine:
Mathematical model techniques were used to help predict the average annual rate of sandy siltation in a proposed dredged


refAbstractLine:
channel across the bar in the approaches to Poole Harbour. The siltation is caused by the combined effects of tidal


refAbstractLine:
currents and wave actions. Comparative predicted tests were carried out on four different schemes including an extension


refAbstractLine:
of the existing half tide training wall. The work was carried out for Poole Harbour Commissioners.


refAbstractLine:
This interim report was produced to make a preliminary assessment of the effects of a proposed marina development


refAbstractLine:
in The Backwater in Weymouth on the siltation rate in an existing marina; its effect on the existing low water


refAbstractLine:
channel in The Backwater and the siltation rate in the proposed marina. A field study and analysis of discharge and


refAbstractLine:
suspended solids concentrations data were used to make the assessment which deduced that the proposed development would


refAbstractLine:
have no adverse effects on the existing hydraulic regime of The Backwater.


refAbstractLine:
These reports were carried out on an annual basis from 1959-1981 (now done 'in house'). Includes an inspection of


refAbstractLine:
the full frontage at low water of spring tides and drawings of the whole of the coastline within the Chichester District


refAbstractLine:
to a scale of 1/25000. The inspection has included all the coastline between Chichester and Pagham Harbour, except the


refAbstractLine:
frontages between Bracklesham and Selsey and at Pagham Harbour, under the jurisdiction of Southern Water Authority,


refAbstractLine:
but include the eastern bank of Chichester Harbour from East Head to Rookwood Farm. Gives details of present coastal


refAbstractLine:
protection and recommendations and costs of further works.


refAbstractLine:
The aim of this project was to analyse the tidal data for the East Beach at Selsey and assess whether, in the event of


refAbstractLine:
worst conditions, the sea defences are adequate. Other secondary aspects of the report include a study of the


refAbstractLine:
performance and effectiveness of the groynes along East Beach and a comparison of the mean high water spring levels


refAbstractLine:
using recorded data and that from the Admiralty tide tables.


refAbstractLine:
This booklet provides a guide to two sections of the Dorset coast to be found in the east and just to the west of the


refAbstractLine:
Isle of Purbeck. The first study is of the discordant east-facing coast around and to the north of Swanage,


refAbstractLine:
whereas the second study in the Lulworth area is concerned with a concordant coastline facing south towards the open


refAbstractLine:
Historical and current charts are available for consultation at the archives of the Hydrographic Department, Ministry of


refAbstractLine:
Defence (Navy), Taunton. Charts are available for all areas at 1/75,000 and 1/150,000 scales. Selected areas are


refAbstractLine:
available at larger scales to 1/5,000 and 1/2,500. These are mostly the harbour areas and main navigation routes. Dates


refAbstractLine:
and frequency of revisions of charts vary. The main navigation channels may be revised every 2-3 years. Notices


refAbstractLine:
to mariners, without full revision of the maps, are more frequent. In some circumstances, survey data may be


refAbstractLine:
available. Catalogues of current charts can be obtained from the Chart Agents in a particular region. The agents in


refAbstractLine:
Portsmouth are Gieves and Hawkes, 21 The Hard (0705 21351).


refAbstractLine:
A short field guide to the Farlington Marshes Nature Reserve.


refAbstractLine:
A guide to remote sensing products, services, facilities, publications and other materials.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a drilling site survey carried out for Union Oil Company. The appendices includes core logs and


refAbstractLine:
The Heritage Coast Report, first published in September 1977, underwent a four month period of public consultation.


refAbstractLine:
As a result an amended report was submitted to and approved by the Purbeck D.C., West Dorset D.C. and Dorset C.C. This


refAbstractLine:
document sets out the adopted planning policies as a Joint Policy Statement of the three Local Planning Authorities


refAbstractLine:
with regard to the agreed defined area of the Purbeck Heritage Coast.


refAbstractLine:
Drawings and annotations of 25 borehole logs to depths of up to 15m, obtained as part of survey into possible power


refAbstractLine:
station sites along the Dorset coast between Chesilton and Burton Bradstock.


refAbstractLine:
Brief summary of physical principles and calibration of data relating to the resolution of suspensions of mineral


refAbstractLine:
particles in shallow coastal waters on Landsat multispectral and multitemporal satellite imagery. Uses Solent as specific


refAbstractLine:
example to illustrate interpretation potential and possible applications in coastal engineering and management.


refAbstractLine:
This book provides a multidisciplinary approach to the movement of mud, sand and gravel on the continental shelf,


refAbstractLine:
in the nearshore zone, on beaches and in estuaries. It integrates the differing requirements of the marine


refAbstractLine:
geologist, the oceanographer and the engineer. Emphasis is given to describing and quantifying the physical processes


refAbstractLine:
causing the movement of sediment, and the sedimentary responses, in the context of natural systems. The influence


refAbstractLine:
and interaction of tidal currents and waves are considered. Cohesive, muddy sediments are dealt with in detail, as are


refAbstractLine:
bed-forms, sandbanks and beach features. Detailed physical processes are discussed within the framework of regional


refAbstractLine:
This book is a collection of eight essays on various features and areas along the coast of England and Wales. Of


refAbstractLine:
particular relevance to the south coast are the chapters on the movement of material on the sea floor in shallow water


refAbstractLine:
(referring to tracer experiments made off the Sandbanks peninsular of Dorset and possible impacts of offshore


refAbstractLine:
mineral extraction in the Solent and English Channel); cliff types; coastal landslips (Devon-Dorset border, Weymouth Bay


refAbstractLine:
and the Isle of Wight) and islands adjacent to the coast (Isle of Portland, Isle of Wight, Portsea, Hayling and


refAbstractLine:
A handbook designed for teachers leading field parties on the coast of Purbeck and Poole Harbour. Gives simple


refAbstractLine:
descriptions of the various coastal habitats to be found.


refAbstractLine:
The marine communities of the sedimentary shores of Stanswood Bay and Fawley salt marsh have been surveyed. The


refAbstractLine:
upper salt marsh fauna was characteristically dominated by Hydrobia ulvae, periwinkles and oligochaetes, with bivalves


refAbstractLine:
and polychaetes replacing the gastrocods as dominants in the low littoral mud flats; the southern stressed area of the


refAbstractLine:
marsh supported a denser but less diverse community, dominated by Tubificoides benedei and Manayunkia. The sandy


refAbstractLine:
beach of Stanswood Bay supported a characteristic community of psammophilous species, predominantly amphipods and


refAbstractLine:
polychaetes. The upper shore shingle bank held a minimal fauna, while the shingle banks of Calshot Spit supported


refAbstractLine:
epifaunal species together with an infaunal community comparable with adjacent finer particle sediments. There was


refAbstractLine:
no variation in the community along the length of Stanswood Bay beach which could be attributed to the present cooling


refAbstractLine:
water discharge. The Fawley salt marsh is important as one of the few remnants of this habitat in Southampton Water;


refAbstractLine:
the greatest threat to this marsh is from wave-induced erosion from the seaward edge. Environmentally, the most


refAbstractLine:
important habitat of the Fawley/ Calshot littoral is Calshot Pond brackish lagoon. Proposals for creative conservation


refAbstractLine:
are discussed, particularly relating to Tom Tiddler's Ground and to the stabilising of the southern salt marsh. A number


refAbstractLine:
of sites are identified for longer term monitoring.


refAbstractLine:
The recording of sea temperatures in the Solent area began in 1953 following the decision to build Marchwood power


refAbstractLine:
station. The records were mainly from Southampton Water but during the 1960's investigations were extended to the Hamble


refAbstractLine:
River, Calshot Spit and Cowes. Following the construction of Fawley power station the need arose for more detailed


refAbstractLine:
information on water temperatures over a much wider area and at many depths. Thermistor surveys began in 1967 and in 1970


refAbstractLine:
concurrent studies of water temperature and intertidal substrate temperature were begun. The object of these has


refAbstractLine:
been to describe the pattern of dispersal of the discharge from Fawley in relation to the biological research


refAbstractLine:
programme, identifying those areas of special interest where warming occurs and giving perspective to the natural and


refAbstractLine:
industrial contributions to the temperature regime of the Solent area.


refAbstractLine:
Southampton Water receives effluent, treated to varying degrees, from sewage works serving a population of about


refAbstractLine:
300,000 and industrial discharges from one of the largest oil refineries in the U.K. and its associated petrochemical


refAbstractLine:
complex. Despite this the estuary as a whole is not grossly polluted, except perhaps from a public health standpoint.


refAbstractLine:
This paper describes the estuary's water quality in terms of the concentration of algal nutrients, to account for their


refAbstractLine:
observed distribution and to evaluate the implications for biological research. The area under consideration lies


refAbstractLine:
between Calshot and Redbridge. It has been sampled mainly at high water in mid-channel, at intervals of roughly one month


refAbstractLine:
during 1969-70 and annually in mid-winter thereafter. These samples have been augmented by river sampling and other


refAbstractLine:
Describes the biology and ecology of the Solent and Southampton Water in relation to the geomorphology, geology


refAbstractLine:
The C.E.G.B. has an interest in heavy metal uptake for three reasons: (1) Trace metals may be added to the environment


refAbstractLine:
via cooling water discharges due to corrosion and by direct addition. The leaching of zinc and copper from condenser


refAbstractLine:
tubes is so slow that levels of these metals and in cooling waters are usually below the limits of detection. (2)


refAbstractLine:
Elevated temperatures from cooling water discharges may increase the rate and degree of metal uptake since this


refAbstractLine:
process is known to be affected by temperature. (3) The study of trace metals in the marine environment can be used


refAbstractLine:
to predict the behaviour of their radioactive isotopes. This has obvious uses since radionuclides discharged from nuclear


refAbstractLine:
power stations may be concentrated in certain marine species. The results of these particular studies seem to


refAbstractLine:
indicate that if there are any effects on metal uptake from the two power stations in this area then they are certainly


refAbstractLine:
This survey was carried out during the summer of 1988 around five naval bases involved in the maintenance of nuclear


refAbstractLine:
submarines or the handling of nuclear weapons. The survey sought to investigate the levels of radionuclides present in


refAbstractLine:
the subtidal sediments around each of the bases and in particular those isotopes discharged as a result of


refAbstractLine:
maintenance and servicing of nuclear powered vessels. This therefore includes sampling of Portsmouth Naval Dockyards


refAbstractLine:
This report gives the summary and background to the report 'Survey of radioactivity in sediments in the vicinity of


refAbstractLine:
Naval Establishments in the U.K.' In the summer of 1988, Greenpeace took sediment samples from around four Royal


refAbstractLine:
Naval bases, including Portsmouth Naval base, and the US navy base at Holy Loch. The purpose of this was to highlight


refAbstractLine:
the fact that publicly available statistics from MAFF are too limited in range, concentrating as they do on


refAbstractLine:
radioactive levels found between tides. The Greenpeace findings point to the necessity of monitoring subtidal as


refAbstractLine:
A large collection of aerial photographs is held in the Geography Department, Portsmouth Polytechnic. These cover


refAbstractLine:
the majority of the coast of Hampshire as well as parts of West Sussex and Dorset. The collection begins in 1955.


refAbstractLine:
This report summarises the main results obtained during a 3 year period of funding by the Department of the Environment


refAbstractLine:
on the subject of sand transport by waves and by currents. The aim of the project was to investigate and clarify those


refAbstractLine:
aspects of the application or interpretation of existing laboratory and river based sediment transport relations


refAbstractLine:
which lead to difficulties when they are used in the sea. Most of the work is based on field experiments, together


refAbstractLine:
with some supporting theoretical studies.


refAbstractLine:
NP 219 - Portsmouth Harbour and approaches. (Ed 1, 1979). NP 250 - English and Bristol Channels (Ed 3, 1973).


refAbstractLine:
In this paper, the authors present case studies of two notable storm surges, one propagating from the west and the


refAbstractLine:
other a North Sea surge penetrating the Channel from the east. Examines hourly observations of sea level at various


refAbstractLine:
ports in the English Channel (including Portsmouth Harbour), for the period 1967-74 inclusive.


refAbstractLine:
The aim of this directory is to indicate the research interests of those working in the following establishments,


refAbstractLine:
engaged in marine research in the Solent area: Central Dockyard Laboratory, Portsmouth; Marine Biology Laboratory,


refAbstractLine:
Portsmouth Polytechnic; Fawley (CEGB) and Southampton University.


refAbstractLine:
There is frequently a need to predict the rate of dispersal in the sea of some substance, such as pollutants or a


refAbstractLine:
plankton patch. This requires detailed knowledge of water movements and a consideration of the effects of factors,


refAbstractLine:
such as detailed  bottom topography, on the flow patterns. The authors have developed mathematical models


refAbstractLine:
which can be used in parallel with field measurements in order to improve information on water circulation in 2


refAbstractLine:
particular areas - the Thames and the Solent. With regard to the Solent model, the main objective was to learn about the


refAbstractLine:
transport and dispersal of oyster larvae during their pelagic stage of about 8 days duration.


refAbstractLine:
The Nab Shoal forms the approach to Spithead at the eastern end of the Isle of Wight and is used by all large


refAbstractLine:
deep-drafted ships entering and leaving the Port of Southampton. This report gives details of the dredging


refAbstractLine:
programme carried out in order to remove the restriction to supertankers at the Nab and provide a suitable, stable


refAbstractLine:
During discussions with the Hydrographer for the British Transport Docks Board at Southampton in 1971, the Unit of


refAbstractLine:
Coastal Sedimentation were informed that a number of small "humps" (up to 1m high) has been identified during regular


refAbstractLine:
hydrographic surveys of the deep water dredged channels in the western approach channel to Southampton Water.


refAbstractLine:
Southampton BTDB were anxious to establish the origin of these features as they might prove navigational hazards for


refAbstractLine:
deep draught vessels. It was suggested to UCS that they could be sandwaves moving down the channel or the result of


refAbstractLine:
propeller action of deep laden vessels on the sea bed sediments. UCS carried out a preliminary sonar survey as a


refAbstractLine:
basis for assessing how much effort should be directed to a full scale study of the area. The interpretation of the


refAbstractLine:
sonar reports is shown on the diagram accompanying this report.


refAbstractLine:
The intention of this booklet is to indicate the range of maps produced for the offshore area of the U.K. by the


refAbstractLine:
Continental Shelf Division of the IGS. Some explanatory notes are included. Shows coverage of 1:250,000 maps (solid


refAbstractLine:
geology; sed bed sediments; quaternary geology); 1:100,000 base maps; 1:100,000 survey coverage maps and 1:100,000 data


refAbstractLine:
maps (bathymetry, sed bed deposits, quaternary thickness, depth to rockhead and solid geology).


refAbstractLine:
The development and operation of a programme to simulate the formation of a shingle spit is described, This includes a


refAbstractLine:
detailed account of action of the subroutines that simulate the 4 major processes that are thought to act on the spit.


refAbstractLine:
The simulation relies on stochastic techniques and the programme is concerned with building a spit in a 50 row by


refAbstractLine:
60 column matrix so that the results of the process are graphically displayed. The example illustrating use of the


refAbstractLine:
There is a history of coastal erosion along the south and east coasts of England associated with the cliffs formed of


refAbstractLine:
Tertiary and Quaternary deposits. A review is given of the coastal processes affecting the coast and in particular the


refAbstractLine:
geotechnical factors affecting the stability of clay and soft rock coastal cliffs. Two case histories are presented


refAbstractLine:
(Scarborough and Christchurch Bay) to illustrate typical coastal cliff stability problems which highlights the need


refAbstractLine:
for greater consideration to be given to the stability of eroding and protected coastal cliffs. A discussion is also


refAbstractLine:
presented on the management of coastal cliffs in the context of the Coast Protection Act (1949).


refAbstractLine:
Several sediment cores obtained (1977-1981) from within the in situ wreck of the 'Mary Rose' are held by the


refAbstractLine:
Conservation Laboratory of the Mary Rose Trust. Some have been subjected to primary physical and chemical analysis


refAbstractLine:
which are recorded in manuscript from data logs. They provide a partial stratigraphy for the approximate period


refAbstractLine:
1550-1800 AD. Location of the site is Spithead, Eastern Solent, 1.3 kms SSW of Southsea Castle.


refAbstractLine:
In 1980, the Taunton Laboratory of the I.O.S. was commissioned by the Department of the Environment to


refAbstractLine:
undertake a research programme to study 'The physical processes governing the movement of gravel on the sea bed'


refAbstractLine:
as a background to improving knowledge on the impacts of dredging on sediment transport. This was to be conducted in


refAbstractLine:
3 phases, the first being this publication: a literature review of previous work on the movement of gravel in rivers,


refAbstractLine:
laboratory flumes and the sea. The physics of gravel movement is reviewed here in order that marine scientists


refAbstractLine:
and engineers can predict the conditions in which gravel moves naturally. Most of the studies relate to


refAbstractLine:
unidirectional flow in rivers. However, it is known from observations using under-water television that quite large


refAbstractLine:
gravel can be moved by tidal flow in confined channels such as the west Solent. It is normally assumed that tidal flow


refAbstractLine:
is unidirectional for sufficiently long periods for the results derived from river analyses to be relevant to the


refAbstractLine:
marine environment. This report helps to define conditions where this assumption can be tested by field experiments in


refAbstractLine:
the sea. The extensive literature dealing with the transport of solid particles by fluid streams describes experiments


refAbstractLine:
and observations which fall into 3 categories: threshold conditions of sediment movement; sediment transport rates


refAbstractLine:
and studies of the formation and drag effect on the fluid, of bedforms e.g. dunes and sandwaves.


refAbstractLine:
The history of ecological studies in Chichester Harbour is briefly described. Detail on the range of environmental


refAbstractLine:
conditions and general habitats is given. The literature on major soft sediment survey work is reviewed with the


refAbstractLine:
emphasis on trends in methodology and data analysis. Particular attention is given to pollution effects. The


refAbstractLine:
first part of the thesis deals with spatial aspects of species distribution and community structure in Chichester


refAbstractLine:
Harbour. Two analytical processes were employed to determine 8 habitats with associated macrofaunal communities. The


refAbstractLine:
predominant habitat types were mud although sand based habitats contributed a significant proportion. The principal


refAbstractLine:
controlling physical factors were determined to be the quantity of fine sediments and the percentage of smothering


refAbstractLine:
algal cover. The distribution of the individual species is also described. Detail on feeding, larval dispersion and


refAbstractLine:
habit forms of the dominant species is given. Analysis of specific adaptations to the range of environments studied


refAbstractLine:
indicated that the coarser sands contained the most specialised macroinvertebrates and the algal covered muds


refAbstractLine:
and upper shore gravel the least. The dominant fauna in the muds were considered to exhibit a flexible life style in


refAbstractLine:
terms of feeding and larval dispersal. A community structure curve and log-normal plot were used to demonstrate the


refAbstractLine:
effects of organic enrichment. These were compared with other community measures and indicator species. The area of


refAbstractLine:
greatest organic pollution was determined to be adjacent to Apuldram discharge. The visible effects of the discharge on


refAbstractLine:
the fauna in Fishbourne Channel were limited to the upper parts of the channel. Only small areas of low level


refAbstractLine:
pollution were evident in the rest of Chichester Harbour. Algal smothering, possible encouraged by nutrient runoff or


refAbstractLine:
organic enrichment, was shown to have a significant effect on the macroinvertebrate communities. The final section of


refAbstractLine:
the first part discusses the interacting physical and biological factors in relation to existing theories on


refAbstractLine:
community structure and composition. In general, specialisation would appear to decrease and flexibility


refAbstractLine:
increase with increasing levels of unpredictable environmental stress. The second part of the thesis deals


refAbstractLine:
with aspects of seasonal variation in the individuals and communities. Production estimates are given for two habitat


refAbstractLine:
types: bare mud and Zostera/ algal covered mud. Appendices includes descriptions of sediments.


refAbstractLine:
Records of wave height are recorded by Hovercraft pilots on each journey between Ryde and Southsea. Data is in the form


refAbstractLine:
of pilots' logs and represents an almost complete daily record from July 1967 to present.


refAbstractLine:
A survey of 3 molluscs, Abra tenuis, Cerastoderma edule and Hydrobia ulvae was carried out in The Kench. 4 different


refAbstractLine:
sites were chosen and 20 samples of 10 sq. cms were taken from each site and analysed to see whether sediments, algal


refAbstractLine:
mats and water retention were the major factors related to the distribution and dispersion of the molluscs. Appendices


refAbstractLine:
include details on sediment characteristics: full particle size analysis.


refAbstractLine:
The degree of recolonization of Arenicola marina within a quadrat area on the beach at Hayling Island has been


refAbstractLine:
investigated in relation to the disturbance produced by worm removal by hand. Certain physical and chemical features of


refAbstractLine:
the substrate have been investigated, including sediment torque, particle size, organic content, redox potential and


refAbstractLine:
pH values. Appendices includes particle size distribution and shearing forces of the sediment.


refAbstractLine:
During the winter of 1980/81, an investigation was carried out on the macrofauna inhabiting clean sandy deposits at 3


refAbstractLine:
sites situated within Langstone Harbour. From a single transect at each site, samples of the infauna were obtained,


refAbstractLine:
together with core samples for particle size analysis. In addition, data were collected at each site concerning the


refAbstractLine:
physical characteristics of the sediment including degrees of compaction, water retaining properties, depth of water


refAbstractLine:
table and sulphide layer and tidal levels. Appendices includes particle size analyses.


refAbstractLine:
5 different sites were investigated in the Kench and these were chosen to represent slight variations in habitat within


refAbstractLine:
the broad category of shingle spits. At each site samples of the infauna were obtained together with core samples for


refAbstractLine:
particle size analysis by dry sieving and sedimentation analysis. In addition, data were collected at each site


refAbstractLine:
concerning the extent of algal cover, the organic content of the sediment, the degree of compaction and the general


refAbstractLine:
characteristics of the sediment. Appendices include particle size analyses.


refAbstractLine:
This preliminary survey of substrate samples from Langstone Harbour covered the following variables: organic matter


refAbstractLine:
content, particle size distributions, shear strengths and absence or presence of Spartina. Appendices includes PSD


refAbstractLine:
During November 1984-March 1985, an investigation was carried out into the distribution of Polychaete worms


refAbstractLine:
inhabiting clean sandy deposits both intertidally and sublittorally in the vicinity of Langstone Harbour. From a


refAbstractLine:
single transect line samples of the infauna were taken together with a core sample of sediment, which was used for


refAbstractLine:
physical analysis to provide data on the nature of the sediment. Appendices include particle size distribution


refAbstractLine:
This paper provides a summary of the arguments against the building of a second power station at Fawley, discussing the


refAbstractLine:
likely impacts upon recreation, ecology and aesthetics. The report was used by Hampshire County Council and New Forest


refAbstractLine:
District Council to demonstrate their objections to Fawley 'B'.


refAbstractLine:
Provides listings of National Nature Reserves, Local Nature Reserves and Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Each site


refAbstractLine:
is referenced individually within this database and details are given of date of scheduling, acreage, grid references, a


refAbstractLine:
description of the site and any other remarks. The sites are: Colwell Bay; Bouldnor and Hamstead Cliffs; Gurnard


refAbstractLine:
Ledge; King's Quay Shore; St Helen's Ledges; Whitecliff Bay and Bembridge Ledges; Bonchurch Landslips; The Undercliff;


refAbstractLine:
Watcombe Bay; Newtown Harbour; Alverston Marshes; Bembridge Down; Compton Down; Hanover Point to St Catherine's Point;


refAbstractLine:
Headon Warren and West High Down; Medina Estuary; St Helen's Duver;. (Search under these locations).


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of Newtown Harbour as a SSSI. The site includes extensive areas of


refAbstractLine:
estuarine saltmarsh and mudflats that form a dendritic pattern of tidal creeks which make up the Newtown estuary.


refAbstractLine:
The site is bordered to the north by the Solent shore. This consists of rapidly eroding cliffs, sand and shingle spits


refAbstractLine:
and beaches and large areas of intertidal mud, sand, shingle and rocky ledges. Ecologically the site includes a great


refAbstractLine:
diversity of habitats, many of which are the best example on the Isle of Wight. The estuary and surrounding land is a


refAbstractLine:
very important component of the Solent estuarine system and supports large breeding and over-wintering flocks of birds.


refAbstractLine:
Saltmarsh has developed on the fringes of almost all the creeks and in places has developed an extensive level sward


refAbstractLine:
of saltmarsh vegetation. The estuary mouth is guarded by shingle and sand spits.


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 58.3ha and includes the eastern extremity of the Isle of Wight chalk ridge which here


refAbstractLine:
terminates in sea cliffs achieving a vertical height of 83m. The cliffs support breeding colonies of Herring Gulls and


refAbstractLine:
Shags and until the late 1950's were also regularly used as a breeding site for a pair of Peregrine Falcons. The sea


refAbstractLine:
cliffs from Yaverland east to Culver Cliff, together with the adjacent Whitecliff Bay and Bembridge Ledges SSSI to the


refAbstractLine:
east, exhibit a geologically important continuous succession from the Wealden to the Bembridge Marl, and are thus


refAbstractLine:
representative of nearly the entire succession on the Island. A large part of the site, including the main chalk


refAbstractLine:
ridge and cliffs, are National Trust property.


refAbstractLine:
The site was first scheduled in 1977 and is an area of 28.7ha of landslips on Gault Clay below the Upper Greensand


refAbstractLine:
escarpment. Geomorphologically, the site is of great research interest because it exhibits a complex of


refAbstractLine:
mass-movement features, including the Undercliff itself and extending to contemporary coastal slips and mud flows. The


refAbstractLine:
site is owned by South Wight Borough Council.


refAbstractLine:
The site covers an area of 71ha and is a type section of the Hamstead Beds, the only exposure of these, the highest


refAbstractLine:
Oligocene strata in England. The exposures occur along a coastline subject to continuous and complex, active mud


refAbstractLine:
flows, slumps and other landslip phenomena. These features are of considerable geomorphological interest.


refAbstractLine:
Palaeontologically, the Hamstead Beds comprise two distinct parts, the lower containing a fresh water or estuarine fauna


refAbstractLine:
characterised by lamellibranchs, gastropods, ostracods and vertebrates, while the upper contains a marina fauna of


refAbstractLine:
lamellibranchs and gastropods. Plant remains occur in the lower beds. The landslips also support base-poor neutral


refAbstractLine:
woodland and scrub dominated by Oak Quercus and though little studied, are of considerable ecological interest. The


refAbstractLine:
intertidal zone within this site is adjacent to the Newtown Harbour LNR.


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 5.3ha and is a geologically important section of the Middle Headon marine beds, Lower


refAbstractLine:
Oligocene, with a rich Mollusca fauna. The site includes exposures of Lower and Upper Headon Beds, thus providing a


refAbstractLine:
representation of the whole sequence of these strata.


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 235.2ha and is considered to be the best example in Britain of chalk downland plant


refAbstractLine:
communities strongly influenced by maritime conditions, and lies at the southern limit of the chalk in England. The site


refAbstractLine:
also includes geomorphologically important marine chalk stacks and caves. The whole site is owned by the National


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 385ha and extends for c.16km along the south coast of the Isle of Wight. Its entire


refAbstractLine:
length comprises steep slopes formed in Wealden Beds and Lower Greensand and is subject to continuous slipping


refAbstractLine:
resulting from the differing strengths and permeability of the various marl, shale and sandstone strata. The coastal


refAbstractLine:
edge is dissected by a series of deeply incised 'chines' or ravines. At the eastern extremity there is an impressive


refAbstractLine:
Upper Greensand cliff formed at the inland extremity of the landslips. The complex mass movement features, including the


refAbstractLine:
Undercliff and contemporary active coastal landslips and mudflows are of great geomorphological interest. Except


refAbstractLine:
where recent violent movement has occurred, the landslips are well vegetated and support a wide range of plant


refAbstractLine:
communities, depending on substrate. Part owned by the National Trust. Site extended at eastern end and by


refAbstractLine:
This site covers 289.5ha and comprises parallel Tertiary and chalk ridges. The former, Headon Warren, supports mainly


refAbstractLine:
acid, heath vegetation, and the latter species-rich chalk grassland. The intervening cliffs of Alum Bay are


refAbstractLine:
geologically important as a classic section of the Lower Tertiary (Eocene and Oligocene) strata. The chalk ridge


refAbstractLine:
terminates in the chalk stacks known as the Needles and the eroded chalk foundations here are of great geomorphological


refAbstractLine:
interest. The chalk ridge (Tennyson Down and West High Down) includes important examples of scrub, grassland and chalk


refAbstractLine:
heath, the species of which are influenced by maritime conditions. The cliffs support a number of different bird


refAbstractLine:
colonies e.g. Herring Gulls, Cormorants, Shags, Kittiwakes, Razorbills and Puffins. Headon Warren is one of only two


refAbstractLine:
areas of lowland heath in the Isle of Wight. The site is owned by the National Trust.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of King's Quay Shore as a SSSI. The site covers an area of 97.16ha and


refAbstractLine:
comprises the estuary of a small stream known as Palmers Brook, with flanking low cliffs and ancient woodland,


refAbstractLine:
together with the intertidal zone extending east and west from the estuary mouth. Ecologically the site is of


refAbstractLine:
considerable importance in displaying a great diversity of estuarine habitats ranging from freshwater swamp, brackish


refAbstractLine:
reed beds, saltmarshes, shingle spits and intertidal mudflats all in close proximity. Geologically, the site is


refAbstractLine:
important for its shoreline exposure of Osborne Beds (Oligocene) in which abundant fossil fish remains are


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 56.7ha and embraces mudflats and saltmarsh at the widest point of this long, narrow estuary.


refAbstractLine:
The area forms an important intertidal feeding ground for waders and possesses a characteristically rich mud infauna


refAbstractLine:
dominated by saline rather than estuarine elements. The site includes, at Werrar, a good example of saltmarsh developed


refAbstractLine:
on fine silt and exhibiting a clear zonation of vegetation reflecting stages in marsh development.


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 15.4 ha and is an ancient stabilised dune system. The outer dunes have been colonised


refAbstractLine:
by dense Sea Buckthorn. The inner dunes have largely succeeded from the pioneer Marram Grass stage to a rich


refAbstractLine:
grassland and herb community. Approximately 250 species of flowering plants and grasses have been recorded from the


refAbstractLine:
Duver. Apart from its intrinsic botanical richness, this is the only example of a fixed dune habitat in the Isle of


refAbstractLine:
Wight. It is owned by the National Trust.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of St Helen's Ledges as a SSSI. The site consists of a series of


refAbstractLine:
intertidal limestone reefs or ledges and the sheltered shallow waters of Priory Bay. The bay, lying between the


refAbstractLine:
reefs and the sandbar, grades from a pebble beach to fine sands with occasional limestone outcrops. The diversity of


refAbstractLine:
hard and soft coast features is reflected in the wide range of intertidal habitats. Together with the Bembridge Ledges


refAbstractLine:
SSSI to the south, the sites provide the best illustration of a rocky shore fauna and flora on the south coast, east of


refAbstractLine:
Poole Harbour. The rocks which form the ledges are also of geological interest in yielding fossil insects dating from


refAbstractLine:
34 million years ago. The SSSI includes a geological exposure of national scientific importance. This exposure is


refAbstractLine:
a limestone at the base of the Bembridge Marls and is a fossiliferous site for the 'Insect Limestone' of the Isle of


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 3.2ha and is an important geological exposure: the most fossiliferous lower


refAbstractLine:
cor-anguinum zone, Upper Chalk, in Britain.


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 98.9ha and the estuary is believed to be one of only three estuaries or comparable


refAbstractLine:
systems on the south coast east of Devon which do not receive substantial volumes of sewage effluent. Because of


refAbstractLine:
this, and the absence of estuary-edge development, the Yar offers special opportunities for biological research of an


refAbstractLine:
applied nature. The estuary supports a wide range of habitats, of which the extensive mixed saltmarshes are of


refAbstractLine:
special significance. They are of known nineteenth century age and offer opportunities for scientific comparison with


refAbstractLine:
marshes elsewhere. Moreover, they represent a locally rare habitat and are one of only 8 marshes of more than 5ha on


refAbstractLine:
the central south coast: the Yar marshes are the most extensive (81ha).


refAbstractLine:
This site covers an area of 131.6ha. Geologically Whitecliff Bay cliffs are the standard section of the fossiliferous


refAbstractLine:
Lower Tertiary (Eocene and Oligocene) strata in England. The site includes a raised beach platform and associated


refAbstractLine:
deposits visible in the shoreline cliff, whilst the intertidal area comprises discontinuous pavement of


refAbstractLine:
Bembridge Limestone. This ledge and lagoon system provides an extremely favourable habitat for an abundant and rich


refAbstractLine:
algal flora, including many species which are elsewhere considered rare. With St Helen's Ledges, the diversity of


refAbstractLine:
the algal community is thought to be unique in Britain whilst the ledges provide the best illustration of a rocky


refAbstractLine:
shore fauna along the south coast east of Poole Harbour. The Japanese seaweed Sargassum muticum was first recorded in


refAbstractLine:
Britain here in the early 1970's and is now abundant.


refAbstractLine:
A hydrographic and sea bed survey was conducted in the Solent off Ryde and Seaview during June and July 1982. Three


refAbstractLine:
recording current meters were deployed, two east of Ryde and a third east of Nomansland Fort. A recording tide gauge was


refAbstractLine:
installed on Ryde Pier. A series of dye releases were used to determine the diffusion and water movement in the area.


refAbstractLine:
The data generated was used to calibrate a mathematical model of the area. The computer was used to recommend


refAbstractLine:
potential positions for siting long sea outfalls off Ryde and Seaview.


refAbstractLine:
Following the initial work reported in BL/B/2226 (rekey 2024), Southern Water requested further investigation of new


refAbstractLine:
outfall position at a point west of the Sturbridge Shoal. Further dye releases and direct reading current measurements


refAbstractLine:
were made during September 1983 to generate additional data for the existing computer model. The revised model was used


refAbstractLine:
to test the suitability of a revised outfall point which was found satisfactory. This position was subsequently selected


refAbstractLine:
for construction of the Ryde long sea outfall.


refAbstractLine:
A short hydrographic and water movement study was undertaken off Cowes in July 1982. The survey was a preliminary


refAbstractLine:
examination of the possibility of discharging Cowes sewage via long sea outfall. There was no consideration of


refAbstractLine:
engineering or navigational factors. Dye tracking was used to check water movement and to provide some indication of


refAbstractLine:
mixing. The water column was found to be well mixed. The observed movement of the dye correlated reasonably well with


refAbstractLine:
predictions from the mathematical model developed for the Ryde study, even though no detailed data on currents off


refAbstractLine:
A hydrographic survey was undertaken off Woodvale (west of Egypt Point) during 1984. The data from dye releases and


refAbstractLine:
recording current meters was combined with information on current speeds, salinities and water temperatures obtained


refAbstractLine:
in 1978-79 and 1982 to enhance the computer model of the Solent area developed for the Ryde Investigation. Intense


refAbstractLine:
mixing was found in the water column of this area. The mathematical model was used to test various combinations of


refAbstractLine:
outfall position and flows and a recommendation was made for the site of a sea outfall.


refAbstractLine:
Includes a brief account of the natural environments of Poole and Christchurch Harbours and Christchurch Bay and


refAbstractLine:
Includes a section on Poole and Christchurch Harbours.


refAbstractLine:
Includes a brief overview of the extraction of beach and offshore gravels, historically and over short-term future


refAbstractLine:
Includes a brief evaluation of a number of coastal locations, west of Weymouth, considered as possible


refAbstractLine:
locations for conventional and nuclear power stations by CEGB.


refAbstractLine:
Contains a description of the coastline with some details of general rates of erosion and specific storm surges


refAbstractLine:
associated with flooding and accelerated recession in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.


refAbstractLine:
Record photographs taken in January/ February 1982 along the Hill Head - Warsash coast.


refAbstractLine:
Temperature patterns observed during boat surveys in the vicinity of the Fawley Power Station at high station loads


refAbstractLine:
during an ebb and a flood tide, are superposed on the distribution of oysters found during independent surveys by


refAbstractLine:
MAFF and CEGB. It is found that oysters thrive in areas where the plume temperature rise at 0.1m depth exceeds 2 deg


refAbstractLine:
C at high station loads, and varies by at least 5 deg C during the rapid change from ebb to flood tide. It is


refAbstractLine:
concluded that the draft EEC legislation on temperature limitations for waters favourable to shell-fish is


refAbstractLine:
unrealistic and probably wrongly based, as the warming of water by industrial heat discharges could be beneficial to


refAbstractLine:
Describes the history of coastal management along the south coast from Bridport in the west to Seaford in the east.


refAbstractLine:
No suitable data is available from ports along this span of coastline to compute statistics relating to abnormal sea


refAbstractLine:
levels. The usual method of analysis (GEV) requires annual maximum recorded levels extending over a minimum period of


refAbstractLine:
some 20 years. The method detailed in this report makes use of extreme sea level statistics available for ports on the


refAbstractLine:
south coast of England and these results are extrapolated to the Arun D.C. coastline using empirical scaling factors


refAbstractLine:
which relate the abnormal heights to mean tide levels under the assumption that such relationships give a synoptic


refAbstractLine:
description of regional behaviour of abnormal sea level occurrences.


refAbstractLine:
Describes present coastal protection works at Bournemouth and indicates likely costs of works to be carried out.


refAbstractLine:
In 1983, Weymouth and Portland Borough Council commissioned ABP to undertake an accretion study of the harbour. A report


refAbstractLine:
was issued in March 1984, however the investigation was to continue over a two year period enabling regular soundings


refAbstractLine:
to be taken of the harbour and to include a full investigation of the material accreting on the bed of the


refAbstractLine:
harbour and approaches. This report includes the results of the analysis of bed samples taken since the issue of the


refAbstractLine:
first report and also draws comparisons with the earlier bed sample analyses. The results show that the harbour entrance


refAbstractLine:
samples are consistent in size with the sand found on the southern half of the beach in Weymouth Bay. The bed samples


refAbstractLine:
have shown the presence of fine material in the upper harbour and sand at the entrance to the harbour with a


refAbstractLine:
gradual change from silt to sand over the outer harbour. Thus the harbour accretion is made up of a very small supply


refAbstractLine:
from the River Wey and a redistribution of bed material within the harbour by shipping movements and in particular


refAbstractLine:
by scour produced by the propellers of the Sealink ships. The sand sized material can only emanate from the bay by the


refAbstractLine:
Refers to site along 1.5km stretch of Chesil Beach, between Big Ope (Chiswell) and the most north-westerly storage tank


refAbstractLine:
of H.M.S. Osprey. Presents results of 27 boreholes, specifically lithological succession, groundwater levels and


refAbstractLine:
particle size distribution characteristics of selected near-surface horizons. Conclusion drawn is that there is a


refAbstractLine:
gradation from well-sorted gravel, to mixed sand and gravel facies.


refAbstractLine:
Describes geological structure; lithology of Oxfordian-Corallian-Kimmerdgian strata; results of


refAbstractLine:
topographical survey; borehole and 6 augered holes to determine surface soil and regolith to maximum depths of


refAbstractLine:
12m; configuration of groundwater table and nature of groundwater regime. Also, analysis of soil samples;


refAbstractLine:
evaluative comments on slope stability, highlighting substantial absence of shear surfaces and continuing


refAbstractLine:
stability of slope (regraded to 20 deg in 1974). Any building development should use short pile foundations


refAbstractLine:
Review of history of erosion and protection works for length of shoreline from Bowleaze Cove to Sluice Gardens, including


refAbstractLine:
Furzy Cliff, with recommendations for restoration of both natural beach and parts of seawall, as well as specific


refAbstractLine:
proposals for stabilisation of Furzy Cliff.


refAbstractLine:
Slopes of up to 1:1.5 can be maintained, given complete protection of the toe and no permanent development close to


refAbstractLine:
the cliff top and edge - and subsoil "remains dry". This conclusion is backed up by geological and geotechnical


refAbstractLine:
borehole data and an overview of the history of erosion at this site since the early part of the 20th century.


refAbstractLine:
Provides details of design and construction of proposed protection measures to ensure almost total cessation of


refAbstractLine:
recession of Furzy Cliff. Preferred strategies are discussed in the context of known geological attributes of cliff and


refAbstractLine:
of coastal energy and material transfers from offshore, and alongshore. Other alternatives are evaluated in terms of


refAbstractLine:
construction, maintenance and cost. Main proposals concern 1) cliff slope regrading and rock-filled seawall (as


refAbstractLine:
complementary elements); 2) in-situ concreting and sheet piling to reinforce existing sea-wall structure. There is


refAbstractLine:
some consideration of the possible effects of both protection strategies on adjacent parts of the coastline of


refAbstractLine:
Two permeable groynes erected on the foreshore at East Undercliff Drive, May 1968-December 1969. Frequent beach


refAbstractLine:
surface surveys to either side of both groyne sites showed a variation of between 4.5 and 6 feet, with maximum variations


refAbstractLine:
recorded some 300 to 450 feet from survey baseline. Despite some adverse losses at the end of each of the groynes, over


refAbstractLine:
the 20 month period covered, beach levels did build up on either side and wave impact on the sea wall lessened.


refAbstractLine:
Reports Qr1 to Qr18 showing wave climate analyses for summer and autumn periods in Poole and Christchurch Bays.


refAbstractLine:
A series of monthly reports from July 1974 to May 1976.


refAbstractLine:
Monthly reports on wave recordings from May 1976 to March 1979.


refAbstractLine:
Six progress reports written at approximately 6 monthly intervals.


refAbstractLine:
A collection of reports concerning coastal protection within the Borough of Bournemouth.


refAbstractLine:
Sets of approximately 20 colour 35mm transparencies of oblique aerial views of the coastline, taken from an average


refAbstractLine:
altitude of 250m, in 1976 and 1977. Each set is accompanied by a short descriptive booklet.


refAbstractLine:
Set of 50 35mm colour slides of Purbeck landscape and accompanying booklet providing explanatory text and


refAbstractLine:
diagrams. Slides 1-32 are devoted to geology and geomorphology of coastline from Studland to Bat's Head. Text


refAbstractLine:
is designed as a set of teacher's notes for 'A' level Geography and Geology.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes the work carried out to date in support of the civil engineering department's research


refAbstractLine:
programme into sediment dynamics on open shingle beaches. Firstly the background to the research programme is


refAbstractLine:
described. Then the development of measuring systems for waves and shingle transport are presented. The application


refAbstractLine:
of these techniques to the Shoreham Beach site are detailed together with the results, beach profile and seabed


refAbstractLine:
movements. Preliminary analyses are described and conclusions formed with respect to the incident waves,


refAbstractLine:
longshore transport of shingle and beach profiles. Finally recommendations for further study are made, including the


refAbstractLine:
development of improved measuring systems for waves and longshore transport and more extensive field studies.


refAbstractLine:
Field measurements of the longshore transport of shingle were carried out by the author during autumn 1986 on


refAbstractLine:
Shoreham Beach. These measurements consisted of trapped volumes of shingle and the concurrent wave climate


refAbstractLine:
parameters measured at the beach toe. A preliminary report on these field measurements was prepared in January 1987


refAbstractLine:
(see Chadwick 1987). In that report, estimates of the field longshore transport rates were derived from the trapped


refAbstractLine:
volumes, based on simplifying assumptions. These assumptions have now been re-examined and found wanting. In consequence,


refAbstractLine:
this report describes a completely new method by which field measurements of trapped volumes of shingle may be related to


refAbstractLine:
the actual longshore transport rates. In addition, the wave climate parameters (measured at the beach toe) have been


refAbstractLine:
analysed to determine the longshore wave power of the breaking wave. This new information has then been used to


refAbstractLine:
A method has been developed whereby a variety of longshore transport equations for coarse materials have been evaluated


refAbstractLine:
against field data of beach movements at Shoreham Beach. This method has been used to calibrate three transport


refAbstractLine:
equations, including one with a threshold motion term related to grain size. Two further equations, one derived


refAbstractLine:
from laboratory model studies and the other from field measurements, have also been evaluated.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes the calibration of Sir Willian Halcrow's beach plan shape model to field data for Shoreham


refAbstractLine:
Beach. To calibrate the model it was found necessary to incorporate a new technique to allow for wave reflection


refAbstractLine:
effects caused by Shoreham Harbour arm. The calibrated model uses a D50 size of 1.381mm, a coastal constant of 242


refAbstractLine:
and an active beach height of 3.0m. This active beach height was found to be significantly different from the


refAbstractLine:
expected value. A possible explanation for this is expounded and its consequences explored. The effect of


refAbstractLine:
tidal range, not included in the model, is described and the implications assessed. Finally, further research work


refAbstractLine:
currently in hand ( concerning shingle transport mechanisms and formulae ) is briefly described.


refAbstractLine:
Short summary of remote sensing techniques which can be used to monitor salt marsh vegetation. Refer to other papers by


refAbstractLine:
There is growing concern amongst environmentalists and the general public about the amount of pollution being


refAbstractLine:
introduced into coastal waters. As the population increases the volume of waste being dumped is beginning to exceed the


refAbstractLine:
capacity of existing systems and mechanisms. These systems, designed to empty low volumes of waste away from the


refAbstractLine:
beaches, do not extend far enough to ensure that the larger volume of waste is dispersed out to sea and not washed back


refAbstractLine:
onto the beaches. Pollution of the beaches causes health hazards and reduces the attractiveness of the area to


refAbstractLine:
tourism. With growing concern over using the oceans as dumping grounds there is a requirement to monitor the amount


refAbstractLine:
of dumping that takes place around our coastline. The NRSC was commissioned by the Department of Environment to


refAbstractLine:
investigate the use of satellite remote sensing in monitoring the dumping of pollutants on coastal waters.


refAbstractLine:
During the first year of the project the problems of image acquisition and tidal states were investigated, as were the


refAbstractLine:
problems of obtaining coincident surface data. After considering the results of these initial investigations the


refAbstractLine:
aims of the project were changed to the assessment of Landsat TM and MOS-1 data. A summary of the first years work


refAbstractLine:
and findings is given in section 2, while work in the second year on the Langstone Harbour plume is discussed in sections


refAbstractLine:
3,4 and 5. Preliminary studies of other pollution plumes are reported in section 6.


refAbstractLine:
(1) Manual records in the vicinity of groyne 40 between March 1984 and October 1987 inclusive. (2) Manual records in


refAbstractLine:
the vicinity of groynes 23 and 40 between November 1987 and February 1988 inclusive and October 1988 and March 1989


refAbstractLine:
inclusive. This information is contained on floppy disc format. (3) Wave recorder records in the vicinity of groyne


refAbstractLine:
23 between October 1988 and March 1989 inclusive. This information was obtained by contract with Hydraulics


refAbstractLine:
Research. Hard copies of the information are held.


refAbstractLine:
Hard copies are held of wind records relating to Thorney Island station, obtained from the Meteorological Office, at


refAbstractLine:
Bracknell for the following inclusive dates. (a) Hourly records: 1. March 1985 - September 1985. 2. April 1986 -


refAbstractLine:
December 1986. 3. January 1987 - April 1987. 4. September 1987 - April 1988. (b) Daily records: July 1985 - April


refAbstractLine:
The following beach profile information is available on floppy disc format. (a) Between July 1976 and September


refAbstractLine:
1987, relating to the length of the southern foreshore of Hayling Island, recently replenished. (b) Between November


refAbstractLine:
1987 and March 1989, relating to the whole of the southern foreshore of Hayling Island.


refAbstractLine:
Gives details of shallow sub-surface geology recorded in well-logs.


refAbstractLine:
Includes details of shallow sub-surface geology recorded in well-logs.


refAbstractLine:
Memoir to accompany revised 1:50,000 sheets numbers 318 and 333.


refAbstractLine:
Since 1975, Admiralty Hydrographic survey vessels have routinely acquired data on seabed sediments, obtained by


refAbstractLine:
means of grab sampling. Each sample is visually assessed, in terms of a description of texture, but it is not normally


refAbstractLine:
retained for further analysis. Between 1975 and 1986, all records were transferred to the British Museum (Natural


refAbstractLine:
History) including physical samples whenever retained. These continue to be stored at the B.M. outstation at West


refAbstractLine:
Ruislip, Middlesex, where they are available as a classified reference collection. Since 1986, the Admiralty Hydrographic


refAbstractLine:
office has forwarded all records directly to the National Geosciences Data Centre, British Geological Survey,


refAbstractLine:
Keyworth, Nottinghamshire. Physical samples continue to be supplied for curation to the B.M. The full data record held


refAbstractLine:
by B.M.(N.H.) has also been transcribed onto the NGDC database. In most cases, information is available on precise


refAbstractLine:
location of sample, water depth at sample site and a qualitative description of texture.


refAbstractLine:
Map at a scale of 1:1,000,000 showing seabed sediments.


refAbstractLine:
Map at 1:500,000 scale and explanatory text (French language version only).


refAbstractLine:
Two maps at scale of 1:500,000 on one sheet.


refAbstractLine:
Map at a scale of 1:100,000. Includes some data on coastal aquifers and saline water intrusion.


refAbstractLine:
A large quantity of echo-sounding and shallow seismic traverses within the central and eastern areas of the SCOPAC


refAbstractLine:
region were undertaken by the Department of Geology, University College London, 1968-1978. Most of this data has


refAbstractLine:
been transferred to the National Geosciences Data Centre Database.


refAbstractLine:
This document presents an analysis of the environmental implications of the CEGB's proposal to build Fawley 'B', a


refAbstractLine:
coal-fired power station. It is divided into 3 parts: (1) Introduction outlines the purpose of the Environmental


refAbstractLine:
Statement, describes the CEGB and its system and the statutory background to the consent application, explains


refAbstractLine:
the need for new generating capacity and sets out the alternative options to building a coal-fired power station


refAbstractLine:
at Fawley. (2) Project description describes the Fawley site, the plant the CEGB proposes to build, the land


refAbstractLine:
requirements, the construction activities, the operational process and expected residues and emissions. (3)


refAbstractLine:
Environmental analysis presents an analysis of the main environmental effects of the CEGB's proposal and describes


refAbstractLine:
measures aimed at avoiding, reducing and remedying such effects. The analysis focuses on the following areas: land


refAbstractLine:
use and quality; geology, topography and soils; coastal physiography; terrestrial and marine ecology; air and water


refAbstractLine:
quality; landscape and architecture; transport; noise and socio-economic effects.


refAbstractLine:
The CEGB investigated a potential power station site at Herbury, near Langton Herring (approximately 1.5 kms inland


refAbstractLine:
of the Fleet and 12 kms west of Weymouth) in 1977. Some survey data on offshore bathymetry, sea-bed configuration


refAbstractLine:
and water flows was collected in connection with the discharge of cooling water.


refAbstractLine:
A description of Pleistocene deposits exposed on the foreshore at West Wittering, Bracklesham Bay, at low tide. A


refAbstractLine:
comparison is made with other Pleistocene deposits of the Hampshire Basin.


refAbstractLine:
An examination of the table of species to be found at Portfield reveals that when these species existed, the


refAbstractLine:
climate must have been very different from that of the present day. It must have been much moister, colder and the


refAbstractLine:
water-level of the Chalk must have been so high as to permit the presence of small pools.


refAbstractLine:
Description of raised beach deposits at various locations.


refAbstractLine:
The following beach profile data is held as drawings by Arun District Council . Note * means data is also held in digital


refAbstractLine:
format. They are listed by area and by date: (1) Ferring - 4.84, 8.86, 11.86, 3.88. (2) Kingston Gorse - 7.78, 8.78,


refAbstractLine:
3.79, 6.79. (3) East Preston - 8.83. (4) Rustington - 9.75, 6.79. (5) Littlehampton: East of River


refAbstractLine:
Arun District Council holds tide gauge data from Bognor pier - integrated level every 10 minutes since start of 1988.


refAbstractLine:
Also a barograph - weekly charts at Littlehampton since 11.86 and borehole data and soundings offshore from


refAbstractLine:
This schedule gives the reasons for notification of the Highcliffe to Milford Cliffs as a SSSI. The site extends for


refAbstractLine:
nine kilometres along the cliffs of Christchurch Bay and comprises steep coastal slopes and cliffs which are locally


refAbstractLine:
dissected by deeply incised 'bunnies' or ravines. The geological interests of the cliffs are described and brief


refAbstractLine:
attention is paid to the contemporary biological interest.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of North Solent as a SSSI. The site extends along 13kms of the north


refAbstractLine:
shoreline of the west Solent and includes the parallel valleys of the Beaulieu River, Dark Water and the Stanswood


refAbstractLine:
Valley. It possesses a remarkable diversity of habitats ranging from coastal mudflats and saltmarshes, shingle


refAbstractLine:
beaches and spits, fresh and brackish marshland and pools, maritime grassland, neutral and acidic grassland, valley


refAbstractLine:
mire, heathland and a range of ancient semi-natural woodlands. As well as its geomorphological and biological


refAbstractLine:
interest, the site is also of importance for its geological exposures at Stone Point and Calshot Cliffs.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for the notification of Hurst Castle and Lymington River Estuary SSSI. The site comprises


refAbstractLine:
the intertidal muds, cord-grass Spartina anglica marshes and high level mixed saltmarsh along 9km of the north-west


refAbstractLine:
Solent shore, including the estuaries of three substantial streams and a belt of fresh and brackish marsh protected by


refAbstractLine:
sea walls. The inter-tidal marshes terminate at the south-west in a well developed shingle spit with terminal


refAbstractLine:
recurved shingle ridges (Hurst Spit). The site therefore embraces a wide range of coastal habitats of limited


refAbstractLine:
distribution on the south coast. The biological importance of the site is discussed in terms of feeding and breeding


refAbstractLine:
grounds for various bird species. Hurst Castle Spit is a key site for coastal geomorphology, although much weakened at


refAbstractLine:
its proximal end by the steady retreat of cliffs at Milford.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of the Hythe-Calshot Marshes as a SSSI. The site embraces the most


refAbstractLine:
extensive remaining areas of Spartina saltmarsh and much of the remaining mudflats in Southampton Water. Despite


refAbstractLine:
industrialisation, Southampton Water is nationally important for migratory and over-wintering waders and lists of species


refAbstractLine:
are given. The extensive Spartina anglica marshes extending south to Calshot in places now exhibit classic die-back


refAbstractLine:
phenomena, the causes of which demand further research.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of Eling and Bury Marshes as a SSSI. The site embraces two dissimilar


refAbstractLine:
saltmarshes and their intervening intertidal mudflats at the head of Southampton Water. The site is extremely important


refAbstractLine:
as a feeding and roosting area for waders and ducks. Details of the ecology of the marshes are given.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for the notification of Lincegrove and Hackett's Marshes as a SSSI. Structurally,


refAbstractLine:
the marshes are one of the best examples of mature saltmarsh on the south coast. They are one of only eight extensive


refAbstractLine:
saltmarshes on the central south coast between Poole in Dorset and Pagham in West Sussex.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification for notification of Browndown as a SSSI. The site is an


refAbstractLine:
extensive shingle beach comprising a disturbed sequence of apposition ridges supporting three different types of plant


refAbstractLine:
community. The site is of value because of the rarity of these plant species and also its invertebrate fauna.


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification for Portsmouth Harbour as a SSSI. The Harbour forms a peculiar


refAbstractLine:
intertidal ecosystem receiving comparatively little fresh water and possessing a characteristic hydrology arising from


refAbstractLine:
only narrow connections to the sea. It includes one of the four largest expanses of mudflats and tidal creeks on the


refAbstractLine:
south coast and is among the twenty most important intertidal areas in Britain for the numbers of migrant and


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification of Langstone Harbour as a SSSI. The harbour includes one of the largest


refAbstractLine:
areas of mixed saltmarsh on the south coast and extensive Spartina anglica marsh in an advanced state of degeneration.


refAbstractLine:
The SSSI includes Farlington Marshes, a peninsular of grassland and marsh on reclaimed tidal silt protected by a


refAbstractLine:
sea wall; and a similar but much smaller area at Southmoor in the north-east of the harbour. The harbour is among the


refAbstractLine:
twenty most important intertidal areas in Britain as a summer and autumn assembly ground for waders and wildfowl.


refAbstractLine:
Langstone Harbour has been the forum for important ecological research on estuarine eutrophication and the


refAbstractLine:
relationship with algal blanketing of the muds, changes in invertebrate communities and changes in the composition of


refAbstractLine:
This schedule provides reasons for notification for Chichester Harbour as a SSSI. The harbour is a large


refAbstractLine:
estuarine basin in which at low water extensive mud and sandflats are exposed, drained by channels which unite to


refAbstractLine:
make a common exit to the sea. The site is of particular significance for wintering wildfowl and waders and also


refAbstractLine:
breeding birds both within the harbour and in the surrounding permanent pasture fields and woodlands. There is


refAbstractLine:
a wide range of habitats which have important plant communities. East of Langstone, a low cliff line at HWM


refAbstractLine:
exhibits a complex Brickearth and Coombe Rock deposits and at East Head, there is a sizeable sand dune and shingle


refAbstractLine:
system, both of which are of geomorphological importance.


refAbstractLine:
The computerised landslide database held by Geomorphological Services Limited on behalf of the Department of the


refAbstractLine:
Environment, currently contains information on over 7,000 landslides in Great Britain. It is a survey of records of


refAbstractLine:
landsliding rather than of landslides themselves, the information coming from published sources including books,


refAbstractLine:
theses, scientific journals, maps etc. The results of the survey are presented in a set of six regional reports,


refAbstractLine:
regions 1 and 2 covering the SCOPAC area.


refAbstractLine:
Tidal palaeomorphs are valleys shaped by tidal action when sea level was higher in the past, and can be recognised by


refAbstractLine:
their morphological and morphometric similarity to tidal neomorphs, the tidal landforms of the present. Both are


refAbstractLine:
characterised by great and rapidly increasing size, shown by valley- or channel-meander wavelength and width in relation


refAbstractLine:
to catchment area or stream length, when compared to rivers. Wadden channel-type and estuarine channel-type neomorphs are


refAbstractLine:
here only briefly discussed, and the corresponding palaeomorphs are briefly treated in theory. A number of


refAbstractLine:
examples of suspected tidal palaeomorphs in England are presented, including the Beaulieu estuary, Hampshire.


refAbstractLine:
The O.S. National Air Photo Collection provides an information, search and print supply service for all


refAbstractLine:
photography flown for the purposes of map revision since 1951. The collection is constantly updated. Most photography


refAbstractLine:
The Marine Earth Sciences Directorate (MESD) carries out geophysical and geological mapping of the U.K. Continental


refAbstractLine:
Shelf and Slope. There are two principal divisions: (a) The Marine Geology Research Programme (MGRP), which is concerned


refAbstractLine:
with the production of geological maps and their interpretation in the form of various reports. (b) The


refAbstractLine:
Marine Geophysics and Offshore Services Research Programme (MGORSP) which has the responsibility for the acquisition of


refAbstractLine:
original geological and geophysical data, the production of geophysical maps and the maintenance of a comprehensive


refAbstractLine:
database. The MESD also initiates and co-ordinates special investigation and research projects, including field survey


refAbstractLine:
work and desktop studies, on an ad hoc basis in co-operation with other public bodies, commercial and academic groups.


refAbstractLine:
These include appraisals of offshore sand and gravel; sea bed topography and sedimentation for pipeline and cable


refAbstractLine:
routes, nearshore and estuary reclamation, waste disposal sites, harbour or marina developments etc. Comprehensive


refAbstractLine:
consultancy services are operated for the planning and management of offshore surveys, and the interpretation of


refAbstractLine:
data. The MES database is also located at BGS Keyworth, where all original samples, seismic records, laboratory


refAbstractLine:
analyses, hydrographic and bathymetric records are stored in paper form. This collection is currently subject to


refAbstractLine:
progressive digitisation. As well as data sets collected by BGS, it is supplemented by information from a wide variety


refAbstractLine:
of other sources, thus constituting the most extensive national archive on marine geology, geomorphology,


refAbstractLine:
geophysics and sedimentology. "Wight: Sea-Sed Sediments and Quaternary Geology" is


refAbstractLine:
currently in production with a schedules publication data of December 1989. The main map uses a basic 11 fold


refAbstractLine:
classification for sea-bed sediments.  Marine Aggregate Survey - South Coast is in progress. Carried out


refAbstractLine:
in co-operation with DOE (Minerals Division), and Crown Estate Commissioners. A series of 1:250,000 maps and


refAbstractLine:
interpretative text covering bedforms, sea bed sediments, surface distribution of coarse aggregate, surface


refAbstractLine:
distribution of fine aggregate and dredging areas. Regional Geological Survey - the main objective is to


refAbstractLine:
compile geological maps of the land area of the UK together with accompanying memoirs providing detailed descriptive


refAbstractLine:
and interpretative texts for each sheet.  All borehole records obtained by the BGS are centrally


refAbstractLine:
registered and recorded on 1:10,000 maps. As of June 1989, all records east of National Grid Easting 455 has been


refAbstractLine:
processed and computerised at index level and entered in the National Geosciences Data Centre at Keyworth. Borehole


refAbstractLine:
records west of NGE 455 are held at the BGS Regional Offices at Exeter. All national hydrogeological records are


refAbstractLine:
accessed through the BGS office at Wallingford.


refAbstractLine:
This chapter examines coastal management policies, giving details of the organisations concerned with coastal planning


refAbstractLine:
and conservation and the legislation that exists. Experience at three English sites is then discussed, one being the


refAbstractLine:
Chesil Beach. Human impacts on Chesil are described (aggregate extraction, recreational activities, proposed


refAbstractLine:
power station sites), as are the history of flooding at Chiswell and the attempts to alleviate the problem and the


refAbstractLine:
This chapter examines some of the ways in which coastal processes have been modified by the impact of man. This


refAbstractLine:
therefore includes a discussion of the impact of various shoreline protection structures such as sea walls (e.g. to


refAbstractLine:
protect the cliffs at Bournemouth), beach renourishment schemes (Bournemouth) and breakwaters; the effects of


refAbstractLine:
dredging, dumping and offshore mineral extraction; the effects of subsidence; effects of sedimentological change


refAbstractLine:
and finally the effects of vegetation (e.g. the spread of Spartina and subsequent increased rates of accretion in


refAbstractLine:
Poole Harbour). The paper concludes by stating that the management of coastal resources requires an understanding of


refAbstractLine:
changes taking place in coastal environments and the processes that lead to these changes. It also requires an


refAbstractLine:
assessment of the impacts of man's activities, past and present, within these environments, and an awareness of the


refAbstractLine:
possible consequences of further modification of coastlines, especially where engineering works are contemplated.


refAbstractLine:
Numerous individual entries on articles appearing in the press from 1726 onwards. Includes items on coastal


refAbstractLine:
landslips, coastal; erosion and storms; also some coastal protection, gravel extraction and oil exploration.


refAbstractLine:
observations of the threshold of movement of loosely packed gravel in a tidal current are described. For gravel with


refAbstractLine:
equivalent 'spherical' diameters D in the range 0.2<D<5.0 cm the critical friction velocity u*c, corresponding to the


refAbstractLine:
initiation of sediment transport is given by u*c=7.0D0.2. At large values of D within the quoted range, the value u*c is


refAbstractLine:
significantly lower than would be obtained by a Shields experiment. By comparing our values of u*c with those


refAbstractLine:
obtained under well-controlled laboratory conditions, the discrepancy with Shields is shown to be due to the open


refAbstractLine:
spacing between, and exposure of, individual pebbles on the seabed. By comparing our results with those from upland


refAbstractLine:
gravel streams and flume experiments, it is suggested that Shields assumed an excessively large water depth to particle


refAbstractLine:
size ratio as a constraint within which the critical sediment entainment number is valid.


refAbstractLine:
Description of a method of measurement of depth of disturbance using aluminium rods


refAbstractLine:
An attempt to describe and analyse the causes of a reported 5m of coastal subsidence in the Portsmouth area over the


refAbstractLine:
past 2,500 years, based on evidence of now submerged coastal platforms and sediments. The concept of "pulsed"


refAbstractLine:
tectonically-induced subsidence associated with intermittent onshore migration and erosion of shingle barrier beaches is


refAbstractLine:
advanced. There is a review of documentary evidence for sea-level change from 1425 through to the present, and a


refAbstractLine:
range of observations on the implications of contemporary and projected future rates of sea-level rise on existing


refAbstractLine:
Ph.D. research in progress- sedimentology of Quaternary fluvial deposits associated with the evolution of the


refAbstractLine:
An overview of the more serious forms of landslides in Britain, including those associated with marine erosion and


refAbstractLine:
coastal recession. Examples in the Isle of Wight are cited, amongst others throughout the U.K. A review of different


refAbstractLine:
types of countermeasures currently practised in Britain makes reference to recently completed schemes at Lyme Regis


refAbstractLine:
Description of Eastoke beach replenishment scheme (in progress at time of writing). Background to need for


refAbstractLine:
scheme; contractual and engineering details.


refAbstractLine:
Ground based radar system for resolving surface patterns at approximately 25 minute frequency. Details of operation


refAbstractLine:
attached (filed) brochure. Effectively provides a near real time measurement of total current regime in any area, up to


refAbstractLine:
40kms from shore-fixed installations. A Harmonic Analysis software package is available, which allows tidal


refAbstractLine:
constituents; residual current amplitude and veer, and wind-driven residual current, to be resolved. Most data


refAbstractLine:
obtained under contract, and referenced elsewhere under appropriate entries.


refAbstractLine:
A short-term investigation of water-table fluctuation beneath a foreshore beach regulated by tidal and wave


refAbstractLine:
fluctuation. Located on East Beach, Littlehampton.


refAbstractLine:
A database providing a classification for the coastline of the United Kingdom, using criteria of coastal morphology,


refAbstractLine:
sedimentological characteristics and shoreline dynamics, at a scale of 1;100,000. Information compiled on the basis of


refAbstractLine:
a wide variety of published and unpublished source materials at a range of scales, including aerial photography.


refAbstractLine:
Detailed codification of shoreline character is based on a definitive set of descriptive features, which allows for the


refAbstractLine:
identification of homogeneous segments. Feature properties include, inter alia, dominant beach and inter-tidal


refAbstractLine:
sediments; erodibility of rocks in cliffs and shore platforms, the presence of artificial protection structures,


refAbstractLine:
and evidence for stability/instability in recent years. Compiled as part of CORINE project to provide a full


refAbstractLine:
inventory of problems of coastal erosion along the entire coastline of the countries of the European Community,


refAbstractLine:
Organised by BRGM (Bureau de Recherche Geologique et Mineraux) (Marseilles). U.K. Programme directed by Dr V.J.


refAbstractLine:
May, Head of Division of Tourism Planning and Development, Department of Tourism, Dorset Institute of Higher Education.


refAbstractLine:
NB. As at March 1990, this database had not been released into the public domain, pending negotiations on the


refAbstractLine:
protection of copyright of parts of its content.


refAbstractLine:
The extraction of salt from sea water by washing salt-impregnated sand to concentrate the brine, followed by


refAbstractLine:
boiling, resulted in the formation of mounds flanking the estuary of the Adur. Removal of most of these mounds for


refAbstractLine:
agricultural purposes prompted the investigations which are the subject of this paper. Salt-making was conducted as a


refAbstractLine:
part-time occupation by some of the inhabitants of the Adur valley from later Saxon times. After c. 1350 it suffered a


refAbstractLine:
decline, chiefly because of climatic and economic factors, especially rising sea level and cheap imports of salt from


refAbstractLine:
the Bay of Biscay. Gradual inning of the estuary and embanking of the mainstream hastened the demise of the


refAbstractLine:
activity. Salt-making lingered on in a small way during the fifteenth century and may still have been carried on at


refAbstractLine:
Bramber in the early sixteenth. Most of the salt made was for local needs, especially those of the noble and


refAbstractLine:
ecclesiastical landlords who were paid rent in kind. There is little evidence of trading. The historical background is


refAbstractLine:
investigated as far as the somewhat meagre records permit. Earlier and later methods of salt-making are discussed.


refAbstractLine:
Some comparative material, archaeological and documentary, from other parts of Sussex is considered.


refAbstractLine:
Review and evaluation of documentary evidence for coastal change at mouth of Arun (Littlehampton) and Adur


refAbstractLine:
(Shoreham-on-sea), including a possible Romano-British rise of sea-level.


refAbstractLine:
Includes a brief consideration of origin of marsh by coastal flooding, possibly as early as eighth century, and evidence


refAbstractLine:
The coastline in Chichester Harbour from West Wittering to the West side of Thorney Island near Emsworth was


refAbstractLine:
systematically field walked for evidence of saltmarsh utilisation. A total of 72 sites was located along the


refAbstractLine:
tidal margins of the foreshore. Most yielded occupation/industrial debris in the form of much flintwork,


refAbstractLine:
largely waste material, cores, and hearth-like areas of fire-cracked flint were also much in evidence. Pottery


refAbstractLine:
shards, mostly dating from the Iron Age and Roman periods, were also found. An important concentration of Iron Age and


refAbstractLine:
Romano-British material from an industrial and occupation site was located on Thorney Island near Prinsted. Erosion


refAbstractLine:
by the sea has resulted in the general spread of archaeological material along the foreshore by the


refAbstractLine:
Typescript list of all aerial photography of West Sussex, including the coastline, held by the County Planning


refAbstractLine:
Department, West Sussex County Council. Photography commissioned between 1960 and 1981. Scales range from;


refAbstractLine:
Aerial photography and image processing to measure dye dispersion was carried out as part of an extensive study to


refAbstractLine:
assess the performance of a 3500m long sea outfall discharging of the south coast of England. A slug of


refAbstractLine:
Rhodamine WT dye was mixed with the sewage at the pumping station on the shore. The tracer emerging from the


refAbstractLine:
outfall's diffuser section and its subsequent dispersion in the sea was measured by boat survey and by aerial


refAbstractLine:
photography. The black and white aerial photographs were digitised and manipulated using a digital image processor so


refAbstractLine:
that the red reflectance of the dye could be correlated with the concentration of dye measured in the sea. A high


refAbstractLine:
level of correlation between red reflectance and the dye concentration was achieved. This correlation was then used


refAbstractLine:
as the basis for predictive mapping of dye concentration from other black and white aerial photographs, and detailed


refAbstractLine:
contours of dye concentration for a number of time frames wee prepared. A high level of accuracy was obtained when


refAbstractLine:
the dye concentrations determined from the processed black and white aerial photographs were compared with direct


refAbstractLine:
An account of the locational factors determing Mesolithic and Neolithic settlement sites, which makes some inferences


refAbstractLine:
concerning climatic deterioration and coastal recession.


refAbstractLine:
Eight borehole logs, 3m to 8m in depth, recording index and chemical properties; shear strength and consolidation tests;


refAbstractLine:
undrained triaxial compression tests; particle size distribution curves, and 39 Macintosh profile histograms for


refAbstractLine:
sampled horizons in each borehole. Boreholes obtained by 200mm percussing borer, along 3.3km route of proposed


refAbstractLine:
pipeline diversion crossing a part of NW Chichester Harbour. Details relate to tidal sediments and bedrock.


refAbstractLine:
See Rekey 971, this is a published edition of the same paper.


refAbstractLine:
An attempt at a chronological subdivision of Quaternary events, based on distinctive sediments. Included are brief


refAbstractLine:
descriptions of the nature and extent of raised beaches sediments on Porchester and West Sussex.


refAbstractLine:
Deep, closed-ended, linear depression, partially infilled with Quaternary sediments, approximately 25kms seawards of


refAbstractLine:
South/South-West coast of Isle of Wight. Of presumed erosional origin, involving a combination of fluvial and


refAbstractLine:
tidal current processes. May be remnant of a larger-scale palaeovalley system.


refAbstractLine:
A methodological study of the comparative attributes of black and white ( panchromatic ) and false-colour (


refAbstractLine:
infra-red ) aerial photography as a basis for mapping saltmarsh vegetation communities, using Farlington Marshes


refAbstractLine:
as the case study. Some details on vegetation classification and the distributional pattern of the major


refAbstractLine:
ecosystem subdivisions, during Spring and Summer.


refAbstractLine:
A review paper examining the surface form and physical environment of the continental shelf. The paper includes


refAbstractLine:
sections describing; i) General form and environment of shelf. ii) Recent history of


refAbstractLine:
shelf.  iii) Present day sedimentary characteristics and morphology- a discussion


refAbstractLine:
of bedforms and sediment transport. iv) The significance of shelf bedforms to resource use and


refAbstractLine:
development.  It is concluded that the seafloor around Southern Britain


refAbstractLine:
might be described as a palimpsest surface i.e. a relict deposit mainly comprising particles supplied before the


refAbstractLine:
present, but also with some contemporary supply. A series of objectives for further study of shelf areas are also


refAbstractLine:
Comprehensive statistical presentation and summery analysis of 65 years of continuous records of various meteorological


refAbstractLine:
variables at Ryde, including wind speed and direction. ( Previous edition (1975) " A lifetime of island weather; a


refAbstractLine:
statistical analysis, prepared from the official meteorological records at Ryde, Isle of Wight, 1918-1975 "


refAbstractLine:
Factual tabulation and brief commentary of record of monthly observations of effective tidal velocities.


refAbstractLine:
Factual report of recommended improvements to the sea defences protecting Yormouth Harbour


refAbstractLine:
Factual report of a field survey of hydrographic conditions and tidal flows ( streams, tidal range ) at the entrance to


refAbstractLine:
Factual report on a survey of tidal current velocities and directions and particle-size distribution graphs of 12


refAbstractLine:
Assessment of dredging needed to maintain navigation channel, and comment on integrity of groynes at harbour


refAbstractLine:
mouth. Some general observations on derivation of silt load, considered to be substantially from River Yar.


refAbstractLine:
Material obtained in attempts to measure rates of foreshore, beach and cliff changed along approximately 2kms owned by


refAbstractLine:
Quarr Abbey. Recent correspondence concentrates on the effect of dredging of deeper approach channels to Fishbourne


refAbstractLine:
quay, to accommodate larger Sealink ferries. Part of the foreshore owned by Quarr Abbey is adjacent to the approach


refAbstractLine:
channel. ( Most of this coastline is unprotected, although there is evidence of groynes put in about 40 years ago.)


refAbstractLine:
Mostly marginal topographical detail, but does contain some pertinent ( if imprecise and probably exaggerated )


refAbstractLine:
contemporary description of cliff conditions, especially areas of landslipping.


refAbstractLine:
A tabulation of averages of meteorological observations, including wind speed and direction, from a site


refAbstractLine:
approximately 120m above sea-level, exposed to the English Channel coast.


refAbstractLine:
This report examines the natural elements affecting the location and design of a new breakwater for Cowes Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
The report begins by giving a brief background to Cowes - its location and its history.


refAbstractLine:
The natural elements investigated were wind, waves, tides and currents. Large quantities of wind data were analysed


refAbstractLine:
which enabled the prediction of the heights of wind generated waves. Tidal records were used, in conjunction


refAbstractLine:
with the wind analysis, to calculate any significant increase in water level during high winds. Theoretical


refAbstractLine:
currents due to tidal action were predicted using the calculated tidal prism. Another aspect investigated was the


refAbstractLine:
geology, sedimentation and stability of the estuary bed. The final section of the report discusses the breakwater


refAbstractLine:
location, type and conclusions gathered from previous sections.


refAbstractLine:
In 1987/1988 landslide movements occurred seaward of Luccombe Village and affected a number of properties. These


refAbstractLine:
movements were not an isolated event in the area. Geomorphological mapping and analysis of historical


refAbstractLine:
documents, including newspapers and postcards indicates that the village is built on an ancient landslide system and that


refAbstractLine:
there have been intermittent movements several times this century. Between 1950 and present day there have been three


refAbstractLine:
major phases of land-sliding within the village in 1950/51, 1961 and 1987/88. During this time the landslide movements


refAbstractLine:
have taken the form of periodic reactivations and upslope extension of earlier failures, and thereby been


refAbstractLine:
progressively affecting a larger area of the village. In addition to the obvious landslide damage there has been


refAbstractLine:
gradual subsidence which has affected all the properties within the village. The present


refAbstractLine:
study has identified a continuing potential for landslide activity in and around Luccombe Village, involving; i)


refAbstractLine:
seasonal movements below the coastal path; ii) periodic movement along the rear scarp feature at the


refAbstractLine:
head of the landslide. Such movements are likely to occur particularly after a prolonged period of heavy rain.


refAbstractLine:
iii) slow gradual subsidence upslope of the immediate landslide area.


refAbstractLine:
The future risks associated with further movements range from likely building damage to the possibility of personal


refAbstractLine:
injury. In the past there has been an ad-hoc response to specific landslide events, primarily related to


refAbstractLine:
repairing building damage or condemning properties rather than preventing further movements. However, the nature and


refAbstractLine:
scale of the recent movements, accompanied by the continuing potential for further movement indicates that there is a


refAbstractLine:
clear need to identify;      a) the most appropriate strategy to reduce the problems;


refAbstractLine:
b) to identify who may be responsible for financing and undertaking any future operations.


refAbstractLine:
This report outlines a number of strategies which could be adopted, including;


refAbstractLine:
i) landslide monitoring and forecasting;    ii) planning controls;


refAbstractLine:
iii) engineering measures;     iv) acceptance of risk;


refAbstractLine:
From the assessment of the site it is considered that the following courses of action are necessary to reduce the risk


refAbstractLine:
to the local residents and to establish the viability of stabilisation measures;


refAbstractLine:
a) the development of an efficient monitoring and early warning system whereby rapid on-site assessment of the


refAbstractLine:
initial stages of slope failure can be used to predict major movements and instigate preventative measures, thereby


refAbstractLine:
reducing the risk of personal injury and damage to property; b) the implementation of a detailed site investigation to


refAbstractLine:
determine the causes and mechanisms of the recent movements together with their relationships with the ancient landslide


refAbstractLine:
systems and coastal retreat as a basis for defining engineering measures;


refAbstractLine:
c) a detailed assessment of the financial implications of continued movements should be made, taking into account


refAbstractLine:
building damage, insurance, on-going maintenance costs etc. The results of these investigations would provide clearer


refAbstractLine:
information as to whether there could be a cost-effective solution to the problems at Luccombe Village. However, it


refAbstractLine:
must be emphasised that full stabilisation of the village may prove to be not financially viable.


refAbstractLine:
Original data in form of hand-written records preserved at HM Coastguard offices, Lee-on-the-Solent. The Needles


refAbstractLine:
station was closed on 31/12/86. All data transferred to meteorological office ( Marine Advisory Service ) see


refAbstractLine:
A non-continuous set of surveyed beach profiles, some with reference to established benchmarks, carried out under


refAbstractLine:
supervision by A-level Geography and FE students. ( System of fortnightly surveys, measured by centre staff, to


refAbstractLine:
be established in March 1990.) Data held as drawings, on file.


refAbstractLine:
Essentially an ecological study of faunal/flora zonation associated with mearshore and offshore rock ( reef)


refAbstractLine:
outcrops, but includes background information on substrate and underwater profiles, carried out as part of research


refAbstractLine:
A succession of surveyed profiles, with details of saltmarsh plant associations, from head of harbour to mean low water


refAbstractLine:
mark. Data compiled by students ( under supervision ) and by staff on behalf of Newtown Harbour Management Group (


refAbstractLine:
Report on measures to arrest further slip failure in cliffs in Bracklesham Series, in small chine to the immediate South


refAbstractLine:
of the main access path from the cliff to  the beach. Main defence measure was rock-filled gabions at cliff toe,


refAbstractLine:
The main purpose of this paper is to outline an approach to value-orientated education in A-level geography, indicating


refAbstractLine:
both opportunities and problems. After an introduction to the philosophy and structure of such an approach, most of


refAbstractLine:
the content is devoted to a detailed case study of the causes and consequences of the closure of the A 3055


refAbstractLine:
between Freshwater and Compton, Isle of Wight, in 1980-81, due to instability of the chalk cliffs. The different and


refAbstractLine:
sometimes conflicting responses of local authority personnel, residents, local councillors, the press, coach


refAbstractLine:
companies, etc. are outlined using various source materials.


refAbstractLine:
Analytical and partial field investigation of the hydraulic regime and sedimentological characteristics of Cowes


refAbstractLine:
harbour, with conclusions concerning the optimum location and design of a new breakwater. Specific data on mean and


refAbstractLine:
maximum significant wave height, wave fetch, and the frequency of extreme wave energy is presented, together with


refAbstractLine:
wave refraction calculations. Bed material is predominantly sand, with potential for scour given the impact of proposed


refAbstractLine:
breakwater on tidal stream velocities. The return periods of tidal and storm surges are calculated. Tidal streams are


refAbstractLine:
asymmetrically distributed within the harbour. Further detailed hydraulic model and field studies are recommended


refAbstractLine:
before any breakwater can be considered a viable engineering proposition.


refAbstractLine:
This is a statement by the author at a meeting held at County Hall, Newport ( Isle of Wight ) on 4/5/78. It


refAbstractLine:
provides a factual background to the proposal to construct a new breakwater at the north-eastern entrance to Cowes


refAbstractLine:
harbour. Topics covered include wave regime ( exposure to wave fetch ), tidal regime in the harbour and the Medina


refAbstractLine:
estuary, historical changes in harbour bathymetry, including breakwater construction, dredging and reclamation ( back to


refAbstractLine:
1856 ); rationale of recent proposals to build a new breakwater, taking into account the severe storm surge of


refAbstractLine:
Lithological descriptions of twelve 10m deep borehole logs across site of gas pipeline route, upper Medina estuary,


refAbstractLine:
Comprehensive survey of site, conditions, layout design, foundation characteristics and construction techniques for a


refAbstractLine:
proposed marina at East Cowes. Site conditions cover theoretical/literature background supported by field


refAbstractLine:
investigations and include details on geology, sediments and hydraulic conditions for both the site and Cowes Harbour as


refAbstractLine:
a whole. There is a brief review of both existing and proposed sea walls and breakwaters.


refAbstractLine:
a) Survey data on beach profiles and volumes at base of chairlift, Alum Bay ( conducted biannually ).


refAbstractLine:
b) Geotechnical survey data of beach substrate and cliffs along route of chairlift ( records temporarily mislaid ).


refAbstractLine:
Complete coverage of Hampshire coastline, excepting Portsmouth Harbour, Southampton Docks and parts of the


refAbstractLine:
coastline of Langstone and Chichester Harbours.


refAbstractLine:
Review of land uses, statutory and private landowners responsibilities, and prospects for competition and conflict


refAbstractLine:
between land, sea and resource users ( with particular reference to the preservation and implementation of the


refAbstractLine:
rights of private estates ). Some very general background on beach, saltmarsh and nearshore conditions.


refAbstractLine:
A series of charts at variable scales ( approx. 1;100,000 ) showing coastal outlines and offshore banks and bars. There


refAbstractLine:
are also sketches of coastal land configurations as seen from inshore. The accompanying text provides details of


refAbstractLine:
navigation hazards, sheltered waters, harbours and other moorings. Contains considerable incidental material on


refAbstractLine:
reported coastline changes in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, including the movement of offshore banks and


refAbstractLine:
Overview of the hydrography and geomorphology of the West Solent, followed by evaluative comments on the


refAbstractLine:
hydraulic/sediment transport regimes in the vicinities of areas of dredging for aggregate removal ( Pot Bank, Solent


refAbstractLine:
Bank, Prince Consort Shoal ). The general context is the author's response to H.R. report (1977), which attempted


refAbstractLine:
some evaluation of the impacts of offshore sediment removal on nearshore/beach sediment budgets. Several


refAbstractLine:
recommendations for further detailed research on sediment transport processes are put forward. The text includes data


refAbstractLine:
Laboratory results on samples of seabed sediments and substrate material from 14 boreholes along the site of


refAbstractLine:
proposed terminal extensions at Hamble, SE. Southampton Water. Data includes plasticity; particle size distribution;


refAbstractLine:
unconsolidated undrained triaxial tests; consolidated isotropic undrained and drained triaxial test results, and


refAbstractLine:
odometer test results. There is a brief overview of site geology.


refAbstractLine:
Study of feasibility to upgrade the B.P. oil terminal at Hamble to cater for oil tankers up to 110,000dwt, involving


refAbstractLine:
dredging of berthing areas and approach channels ( some 500,000m3 ) Site investigation boreholes indicate that most


refAbstractLine:
of the material to be excavated is soft clay, but with some well-compacted interbedded gravel horizons. Tidal current


refAbstractLine:
data for the site is based on field survey and published data. Most of the report is concerned with detailed


refAbstractLine:
assessment of possible methods of dredging and their environmental impacts, concluding that a cutter suction


refAbstractLine:
dredger offers the best solution in the specific circumstances of this project.


refAbstractLine:
Hand - written entries in daily log book, which also includes records of M.H.W. and M.L.W. at Portsmouth. Wind


refAbstractLine:
data measured on anemometer, locator approx. 100m inland from cliff top. All data on wind direction and force are


refAbstractLine:
transferred to Marine Advisory Service, Meteorological Office ( see separate entry ). Values for sea state and


refAbstractLine:
swell are visual observations - this data is NOT transferred to a central archive.


refAbstractLine:
Tabulation of results of drogue tracking and current metering to determine the velocity and direction of tidal


refAbstractLine:
streams, to produce a series of current velocity profiles at the site of the extension of the oil discharging terminal at


refAbstractLine:
Hamble. Measurements are based on observations/recordings taken every 20 min. throughout a 13 hour period on Spring


refAbstractLine:
Tides. Values obtained 1m above sea bed surface and at 1.5m depth increments above that, to the sea surface.


refAbstractLine:
Storms of December 1989 created a 700m breach at the root of Hurst Castle spit, with approximately 50,000 tonnes of


refAbstractLine:
shingle transported onto Keyhaven tidal marshes in the lee of structure. The background to the increasingly vulnerable


refAbstractLine:
condition of the spit is considered in the light of emergency and longer - term protection undertaken by New


refAbstractLine:
Forest District Council. Mathematical and physical modelling is planned as a basis for deciding on specific


refAbstractLine:
protection techniques. Brief mention of the effects of the December storms on the Barton-on-Sea defences.


refAbstractLine:
Aluminium tracer pebbles are a relatively new and effective technique for the study chert and flint, pebble and cobble (


refAbstractLine:
shingle ) beaches. Two such experiments, using 11 tracer types, were undertaken on Hurst Castle Spit, Hampshire, U.K.


refAbstractLine:
with the joint aims of (i) developing the method and (ii) examining the patterns of shingle movement and sorting. The


refAbstractLine:
cumulative recovery of the tracers during these experiments was 72% and 61.7%, respectively, The short (c) axis was by


refAbstractLine:
far the most responsive of the linear dimensions to sorting on the beach. Transverse, longshore and vertical sorting of


refAbstractLine:
the tracer was apparent and their relationship and engineering implications are considered.


refAbstractLine:
Measurements of the nearbed turbulent current flow and bedload transport of marine gravel have been made over three


refAbstractLine:
tidal cycles. The turbulence in the bottom boundary layer was measured using two electromagnetic current meters, and


refAbstractLine:
the gravel transport was measured using a passive acoustic system which monitored the interparticle collision noise of


refAbstractLine:
locally mobile material. Visual estimates of bedload were also obtained with an underwater TV camera. The acoustic


refAbstractLine:
technique, unlike a conventional bedload sampler, has allowed estimates of transport to be obtained with a


refAbstractLine:
temporal resolution comparable with the turbulence data collected. This has enabled a detailed comparison to be


refAbstractLine:
made between the turbulent flow and the sediment response to the instantaneous flow conditions. The results of the study


refAbstractLine:
show that of the turbulent bursting events which contribute towards the Reynolds stress, only the sweeps and outward


refAbstractLine:
interactions play a significant role in the transport of coarse sedimentary material. The measurements show that it


refAbstractLine:
is the instantaneous increases in the horizontal turbulent velocity fluctuations that generate excess shear stresses


refAbstractLine:
It is now generally recognised that the mathematical description of sediment dynamics will be improved through an


refAbstractLine:
understanding of geophysical turbulence. In this study, therefore, the turbulence characteristics of the benthic


refAbstractLine:
boundary layer over coarse sediments are examined as a step towards the realisation of such a description.


refAbstractLine:
Examination of the turbulence has been conducted using spectral, correlation, quadrant and statistical analyses,


refAbstractLine:
and a number of features have been identified. Mean eddy length scales obtained using spectral, correlation,


refAbstractLine:
quadrant and statistical analyses, and a number of features have been identified. Mean eddy length scales obtained


refAbstractLine:
using spectral and autocorrelation techniques were found to be similar. The interpretation of the duration and interval


refAbstractLine:
between the intermittent 'bursting' events, scaled using outer flow variables, was found to be dependent upon the


refAbstractLine:
sampling interval. Autocorrelation analysis revealed a high correlation between bedload transport and the instantaneous


refAbstractLine:
horizontal flow component rather than instantaneous kinematic stress. From the standpoint of developing


refAbstractLine:
prognostic transport models based on physically realistic benthic flow processes, it is considered that turbulence


refAbstractLine:
measurements will lead to such formulations.


refAbstractLine:
Gull Island ( also known as Warren Spit or Warren Farm Spit ) is in danger of severe erosion as a result of the


refAbstractLine:
expansion in the depth and width of the Swatchway, which has detached the island from the beach, and shingle supply, to


refAbstractLine:
the west. Considerable losses of mudflats and saltmarsh have occurred since 1954 along the north shore of Gull


refAbstractLine:
Island. Aerial and oblique photographs are used to demonstrate these changes. It is the contention that the


refAbstractLine:
Swatchway needs to be closed to allow the restoration of west to east longshore drift of sand and shingle through the


refAbstractLine:
removal of tidally - induced scour. If no action is taken, there will be accelerated erosion on the northern side of


refAbstractLine:
mouth of the Beaulieu River, with implications for reclaimed salt - marsh, protected anchorage and moorings for pleasure


refAbstractLine:
craft, and the status of Gull Island as a protected bird sanctuary.


refAbstractLine:
File of original data, including some annotation and personal records of observations of changes at mouth of


refAbstractLine:
Beaulieu River. Specific detail on changing configuration of Need's Ore spit, including the extension and detachment


refAbstractLine:
of Gull Island, 1950-1986. Includes duplicated material collected by the Beaulieu Manor Estate.


refAbstractLine:
A personal evaluation of the integrity of the sea wall and groyne defences of the North Solent shore from Thorns to


refAbstractLine:
Warren House ( including the Swatchway bank ), based on several years of observation and measurement by the Reserve


refAbstractLine:
Warden. Includes details of observations on longshore drift and the pattern of shingle accumulation between groynes.


refAbstractLine:
Proposals to realign replacement groynes and to reduce their height and length, according to position, are presented on


refAbstractLine:
function, financial and aesthetic grounds.


refAbstractLine:
Historical detail on the changing waterfront of Southampton and adjacent parts of Southampton Water. Chapter 1 ( Tide


refAbstractLine:
Mills ) and chapter 2 ( Landing Places ) gives selective detail on changes in coastline configuration. The author


refAbstractLine:
was Engineer to the former Southampton Harbour Board, 1946-59.


refAbstractLine:
Series of articles/papers in 10 chapters; Introductory themes.


refAbstractLine:
1.Introduction and background ( R.J. Allison )5pp 2.Geology ( R.J.Allison )10pp including maps.


refAbstractLine:
3.Denudational history ( C.Embleton ).6pp 4.Geomorphology ( D.Brunsden and R.J. Allison ).14p


refAbstractLine:
5.Landslide types and processes ( R.J.Allison ).14pp Research themes


refAbstractLine:
6. Mechanisms of movement in landslides ( R.J. Allison and D.Brunsden ).12pp


refAbstractLine:
7.Landslide geochemistry ( R.Moore ).7pp 8.Stonebarrow Hill ( H.Rudkin ).7pp


refAbstractLine:
9. Black Ven ( A.Kob ).11p  10. Landslide and littoral zone sediment transport (


refAbstractLine:
M.J.Bray ).10pp ( see Rekey2302 for further details ).


refAbstractLine:
Sediment circulation has been analysed between Lyme Regis and West Bay to elucidate sediment supply processes close to


refAbstractLine:
and on both sides of the shore. A budgetary approach was employed involving quantification of inputs, stores,


refAbstractLine:
transfers and outputs. The most significant input was found to be cliff erosion, which was assessed by detailed


refAbstractLine:
geological section mapping and sediment analysis coupled with cliff rates. Littoral drift was assessed by beach


refAbstractLine:
sediment sampling and a series of drift experiments employing aluminium tracers. Fully quantified beach


refAbstractLine:
sediment budgets are presented together with a quantitative diagram demonstrating sediment flow along a shingle beach,


refAbstractLine:
Projection of the budget backward over the past 5000 years suggests that coastal erosion between Lyme Regis and West


refAbstractLine:
Bay could have supplied a significant proportion of the material which now comprises Chesil Beach. Interaction


refAbstractLine:
between coastal landslides and littoral drift are investigated. It is concluded that protection afforded to


refAbstractLine:
the base of the sea - cliff behind Seatown and Lyme beaches is diminishing. Efficient shingle transport on the Western


refAbstractLine:
end of Charmouth Beach is preventing accretion despite rapid supply. The current trend for increasing coastal erosion is


refAbstractLine:
A brief summary of the nature of the cliffs at Highcliffe, and the remedial works undertaken since 1964 by Christchurch


refAbstractLine:
Bough Council in attempts to reduce the rates and impacts of erosion. ( This is a handout produced in response to


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical and geological investigation into possible causes of progressive cliff failure and recession at site of


refAbstractLine:
Durlston Court apartment block ( constructed in 1970 ), together with some suggested remedial measures.


refAbstractLine:
Brief account of successive falls that have caused cliff top to recede to within metres of block of apartments at top of


refAbstractLine:
cliffs, central Durlston Bay, near Swamage. Problems of remedial action are complicated by designation as a G.C.R.


refAbstractLine:
site, within the South Dorset Coast SSSI


refAbstractLine:
Main Report; Brief account of the development of Weymouth harbour, followed by description of survey of harbour


refAbstractLine:
bathymetry and surface sediments. There is analysis of bathymetric changes over 40 years, together with data on the


refAbstractLine:
lithology of bed sediments and quantities of dredged material removed from the approach and navigation channel.


refAbstractLine:
Sources of accretion are evaluated, notably sediment transport from tidal currents and the River Wey. Data on


refAbstractLine:
beach profiles North and South of the harbour are given, with some consideration of effects of dredging on beach


refAbstractLine:
accretion/probable pathways of sediment transport. Supplement; Provides specific details on bathymetric data,


refAbstractLine:
and changes in sea bed configuration, and further analytical comments on the relations between mechanisms of accretion


refAbstractLine:
The paper describes how a simple one - line beach mathematical model has been modified and improved to deal


refAbstractLine:
with a wide range of practical engineering problems. The use of such models in combination with physical models


refAbstractLine:
or more sophisticated computer simulations is also discussed. There is a case example of physical and


refAbstractLine:
numerical models of the coast between Solent Road, Bournemouth and Mudeford spit undertaken by Hydraulics


refAbstractLine:
Research in 1986. These reproduce sand and shingle transport, especially around Hengistbury Head, and permit


refAbstractLine:
some evaluation of the efficacy of groynes to the west and north of the Long Groyne. Drift along the upper part of the


refAbstractLine:
The sequence of superficial deposits on coastal slopes north-east of Lyme Regis in Dorset is described and details


refAbstractLine:
are given of their geotechnical properties. The Cretaceous and Lias Heads at the top of the sequence are considered to


refAbstractLine:
be the product of periglacial solifluction in the active layer. A zone of Disturbed Lias, underlying the Lias Head


refAbstractLine:
and overlying the in situ Shales-with- Beef, is interpreted as representing the minimum former extent of permafrost,


refAbstractLine:
which penetrated at least 7m below ground level. Shallow, strongly folded structures in the Disturbed Lias are exposed


refAbstractLine:
locally in the side scarps of a landslide. The overturned chevron folds are interpreted as being the result of


refAbstractLine:
compression at the toe of a translational slide which took place within the Disturbed Lias during its thawing. The


refAbstractLine:
intense folding is set in a periglacial contest by the observation of shale intruded into the necks between boudins


refAbstractLine:
within the folds; a back-analysis of these intrusions leads to an estimated undrained strength of the shale which is


refAbstractLine:
much lower than the present strength and consistent with that to be expected in the freshly thawed state.


refAbstractLine:
During the last hundred years, progradation was uncommon in that area. It had only minimal association with cliff


refAbstractLine:
erosion. It concerned mainly the free distal ends of sand and shingle spits, the artificial constructions which


refAbstractLine:
interrupt longshore sediment transport, and was related in Cornwall with deposition of china clay spoil. It occurred


refAbstractLine:
also on beaches where erosion in one sector is accompanied by accretion on another. Cliff erosion is concentrated


refAbstractLine:
along clay and sand coasts. On beaches, the largest volumes are moves in transfers between upper and lower beaches in


refAbstractLine:
storms. Generally beaches appear to be in decline, but this seems to be independent of cliff protection.


refAbstractLine:
Report 79/8, IGS Report Series. Sedimentological and Strategic description.


refAbstractLine:
A collection of eight short papers and three appendices concerned with the marine biology and socio-economic


refAbstractLine:
activities in Portland Harbour. The paper by J.Culley, "Portland Harbour; General background...", gives some


refAbstractLine:
details on the enclosure of the harbour in the late nineteenth century and its hydrographic features. The paper


refAbstractLine:
by P.Dyrynda, "The subtidal environment", provides a summary of hydrodynamics, especially tidal dynamics.


refAbstractLine:
In 1985 central government responsibility for grant aiding investment to counter coastal erosion in England passed from


refAbstractLine:
the Department of the Environment to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The effect of the


refAbstractLine:
institutional change is to stimulate new research on project appraisal methods, perhaps to justify the institutional


refAbstractLine:
change. These changes are discussed in relation to three British examples of coastal management complexity, at Chesil


refAbstractLine:
Beach, Whitstable, and Hengistbury Head. The implications for geomorphological research are clear; the greater


refAbstractLine:
emphasis on gauging the cost-effectiveness of coastal defence and coastal management expenditure will require more


refAbstractLine:
systematic and accurate assessments of coastal erosion processes and their rates. Many opportunities therefore now


refAbstractLine:
present themselves for a revitalisation of coastal geomorphological investigations. These opportunities should


refAbstractLine:
be exploited in the interests of both fundamental investigations and applied research.


refAbstractLine:
Increasing intensity of commercial and recreational pressures in Poole Harbour emphasises the need to secure the


refAbstractLine:
interests of habitat conservation. Excessive siltation and pollution may result from unregulated schemes such as


refAbstractLine:
marginal reclamation. A strong plea is made for improved hydrological knowledge, especially in the Swimeham -


refAbstractLine:
The Poole harbour Commissioners were planning the establishment of a second Ro/Ro berth and extensive


refAbstractLine:
reclamation off Hamworthy amounting to about 40 acres, the whole scheme to include a Yacht Haven. The 1977 and 1979


refAbstractLine:
reports by McMullen are very similar with the latter making use of the latest survey data. The


refAbstractLine:
main changes in the harbour and its approaches since 1849, were briefly described and the reasons for these changes was


refAbstractLine:
then analysed. The possible effects of the proposed reclamation on the regime inside and outside the harbour was


refAbstractLine:
then commented on. The report concludes with the opinion that inside the harbour the proposed reclamation


refAbstractLine:
will have no adverse effect, in fact the reverse as the tidal flow along the new coastline will be more natural than


refAbstractLine:
at present. Where the approaches to the harbour entrance are concerned no adverse effect will be felt as the change


refAbstractLine:
in the volume of water flowing in and out of the harbour will be negligible.


refAbstractLine:
1) A programme of appraisal drilling at 3 locations in licence block 98/6 ( Poole Bay ) was successfully completed


refAbstractLine:
between late October 1988 and early February 1989. 2) There were only minor differences between the proposed


refAbstractLine:
and actual drilling and support activities undertaken. 3) The presence and activities of the drilling rig in block


refAbstractLine:
98/6 appeared to have little impact on the public of the area. A single noise complaint was received but it seems


refAbstractLine:
unlikely that the drilling rig was the source of any nuisance. 4) Close liaison was


refAbstractLine:
maintained with local fishermen during drilling. There were no reports of any adverse effects or interference. No


refAbstractLine:
effects of drilling were detected in a study of the Hook Sands sandeel populations


refAbstractLine:
5) Brake and engine cooling water discharges from the rig were within Wesex Water Authority consent levels. The rig


refAbstractLine:
sewage effluent exceeded consented levels for suspended solids and actions were taken to prevent recurrence.


refAbstractLine:
6) Drillmud and cuttings discharges appeared to exceed consent levels for oil on all occasions. However the


refAbstractLine:
analytical methods used were detecting a wide range of organic material in addition to oil and the Wessex Water


refAbstractLine:
Authority was satisfied with the quality of the discharges. The oil present was intimately associated with rock and mud


refAbstractLine:
particles and thus not readily available to the marine environment.


refAbstractLine:
7) No spillages of oil or chemicals entered the sea. 8) The discharge of drill muds and cuttings created a mound


refAbstractLine:
which smothered the seabed out to a maximum of 12m distance from the discharge point. Rapid recovery of the area is


refAbstractLine:
anticipated. 9) The overall conclusion from the various monitoring studies is that the environmental


refAbstractLine:
objectives of B.P. and the statutory authorities have been met. Such effects as have been noted are very limited in


refAbstractLine:
History of the various schemes incorporating the building of a Training Bank on the east side of the Swatch Channel; its


refAbstractLine:
construction in 1925 and associated dredging to a depth of, effectively, 2 to 5 feet over the bar at the mouth of the


refAbstractLine:
harbour. Earlier, more ambitious training bank schemes involved significant potential modifications of tidal


refAbstractLine:
Factual report of characteristics of surface sea bed and substrate samples taken from 13 borehole logs at site of


refAbstractLine:
proposed extension of quays and wharves at the Continental Ferry Port, Portsmouth. Includes data on natural moisture


refAbstractLine:
content; natural wet density; apparent cohesion; shear strength; consolidated triaxial test and pore water


refAbstractLine:
pressures. There is a plan of the boreholes.


refAbstractLine:
Historical narrative of perceived changes of beach, foreshore and cliffline of the Cadland estate from the end


refAbstractLine:
of the Seventeenth century. There is particular reference to the former estuary known as the Bourne Gap, at one stage


refAbstractLine:
a small harbour but now reduced to an aquatic marsh by presumed spit growth from West to East. Factual and


refAbstractLine:
interpretational content based on manorial records and successive editions of estate plans, Ordnance survey maps,


refAbstractLine:
Admiralty hydrographic charts and early air photos ( these source materials are preserved in the estates archives ).


refAbstractLine:
(1) Routine records of water temperatures, turbidity, salinity and tidal velocities offshore Calshot, collected by


refAbstractLine:
centre staff and by visiting educational groups ( under supervision ). Records also held by Farnborough College of


refAbstractLine:
Technology ( Environmental Studies Division ).


refAbstractLine:
Summary tables of the locations of approved dredge spoil dumping sites within the SCOPAC area, together with


refAbstractLine:
quantities dumped ( by various statutory and commercial organisations ), 1976-1988 ( in tonnes ). Data extracted


refAbstractLine:
from returns to MAFF laboratory with responsibility for monitoring. There is also additional data ( not abstracted


refAbstractLine:
) on the physical and chemical properties of samples taken from all sites; this includes "total insoluble solids" and


refAbstractLine:
total organic content, as well as the concentrations of certain minerals ( listed ). This latter information can be


refAbstractLine:
extracted from both manual and computerised records, on request.


refAbstractLine:
A summary of the sedimentological characteristics and hydraulic regime within 2kms. of the coastline of


refAbstractLine:
south-eastern Portsea island, in the context of a proposal to reclaim a triangular area of the inter-tidal and


refAbstractLine:
foreshore zones using the West Winner spit as the eastern boundary. There are non-committal comments on the feasibility


refAbstractLine:
of such a proposal ( using techniques of polderisation ) in engineering terms.


refAbstractLine:
Factual report, covering classification and types of soil on the Northharbour polder. The major criterion is pH, with


refAbstractLine:
values ranging from 3 to 8. Maps of site microrelief and soil types are contained in the Annexes. The text is


refAbstractLine:
amplified by comments on expectations of rates of desalinisation and soil "ripening", with suggested measures


refAbstractLine:
that should be taken to promote these attributes.


refAbstractLine:
A sequence of plans and drawings providing details of borehole sites and bed samples of sediments obtained in


refAbstractLine:
Lymington harbour/river Details include annotated borehole log descriptions; Mackintosh Probe test results; natural


refAbstractLine:
moisture content and Bulk/dry density values for all samples; plasticity classification; particle size grading


refAbstractLine:
curves; organic content, and index properties derived from Attenberg Limit tests.  (


refAbstractLine:
This report is preliminary to a full analysis.


refAbstractLine:
Annotated report and section drawings of borehole logs along line of Peel Common to Browndown sewer. Includes 8


refAbstractLine:
boreholes covering small cuspate foreland of Browndown; Stokes Bay Beach; and Stokes Bay foreshore. Data is general


refAbstractLine:
Substantially concerned with biotic communities, but section of substrate contains data on intertidal sediments, chiefly


refAbstractLine:
size-frequency histograms of sample sediments obtained by grab sampling.


refAbstractLine:
The principles of a technique which enables spatial data to be obtained from archival photography is outlined. The


refAbstractLine:
method is applied to a 42 year sequence of oblique and vertical aerial photography of the Black Ven landslide in


refAbstractLine:
Dorset, England. The data processing options are discussed and illustrated by some results produced from


refAbstractLine:
historical photographs of the Dorset landslide


refAbstractLine:
In recognising former widespread glaciation in southern England and the English Channel, Kellaway et al (1975) have


refAbstractLine:
raised fundamental issues of interpretation of both sediments and morphology. In our view all the facts adduced


refAbstractLine:
in favour of glaciation are capable of alternative interpretation. Though they may seem to have some substance


refAbstractLine:
collectively, all can be dismissed when examined individually, for deposits may be ambiguous indicators and


refAbstractLine:
different processes may produce similar landforms.


refAbstractLine:
Comments on hypotheses invoking glaciation during the Quaternary period as an explanation for erratic boulders


refAbstractLine:
occurring along modern coastline of Southern England.


refAbstractLine:
A general textbook in the geomorphology of slopes, but using contrasting cliff forms around the margins of the Solent as


refAbstractLine:
Visitor's booklet, providing details of general geomorphological and ecological features of Studland Dunes


refAbstractLine:
visible from the established footpath trail.


refAbstractLine:
Report of SCOPAC study tour to sites on the Isle of Wight, where there are urgent coastline protection problems


refAbstractLine:
( St. Helens Duver, Monks Bay, Brambles Chine, Colwell Bay ).


refAbstractLine:
Two page brochure giving outline details of the specifications and functions of the Christchurch Bay Tower,


refAbstractLine:
including the range of possible application areas. The tower is operated to provide an environment for fundamental


refAbstractLine:
research into fluid loading of structures at sea.


refAbstractLine:
The timber breastwork in front of the castle was intended to maintain the beach level and so provide protection to the


refAbstractLine:
castle's foundations. The storm on 13 December 1981 partially destroyed this breastwork and prompted a study


refAbstractLine:
into the performance of the castle sea defences. An initial study of the wave climate and possible means of coastal


refAbstractLine:
protection was carried out by the Hydraulics Research Station. Following on from this a design study has been


refAbstractLine:
undertaken to develop suitable proposals, cost them and using a cost benefit analysis, establish their viability.


refAbstractLine:
From the data available, extreme events for waves and tide levels have been established. Using an 'in house' computer


refAbstractLine:
model for wave refraction, the inshore wave climate has been assessed. A desk study of sediment movement in the area


refAbstractLine:
then provided a description of the coastal regime. This information enabled suitable protection schemes to be drawn


refAbstractLine:
up. A revetment slope and a system of strong points have been developed to produce an outline design for each and


refAbstractLine:
both have been costed. A simple cost benefit analysis was then used to establish the viability of the proposed capital


refAbstractLine:
works.  The technical comparison of the two schemes suggested that


refAbstractLine:
the strongpoint option would be more capable of providing protection to the castle, in the long term, by creating a


refAbstractLine:
more stable regime. In addition the provision of beaches rather than an armoured slope in front of the castle would


refAbstractLine:
be more aesthetically attractive. The subsequent economic comparison substantiates this choice by showing the


refAbstractLine:
strong points to be the cheaper option and also desirable for the return given, when compared with the alternative of


refAbstractLine:
replenishing the beach on an annual basis.   The system of strongpoints and suitable shingle beaches is


refAbstractLine:
The evidence for prehistoric and Romano-British occupation is listed and discussed in relation to the existence of a


refAbstractLine:
pre-Roman Iron Age oppidum in the Selsey/Chichester area. The catalogue of finds and appendices are on microfiche.


refAbstractLine:
The article includes brief details of geology, soils and former coastlines ( 1672, 1778, 1875, 1912 ).


refAbstractLine:
Brief description of geology, with details of exposures and typical fossils.


refAbstractLine:
The potential for using data collected in the first four bands of proposed thematic mapper for monitoring intertidal


refAbstractLine:
salt marsh vegetation is assessed, using ground spectral data collected with a portable multiband radiometer.


refAbstractLine:
Results from a field study in Chichester Harbour, Southern England, show that certain species can be separated using


refAbstractLine:
transformations of these data. The estimation of above ground biomass from ground spectral data was not possible


refAbstractLine:
for Spartina*townsendii agg., due to the combined effects of mixtures of different substrate types and mixtures of live


refAbstractLine:
and dead vegetation within the field of view of the radiometer. However, biomass estimation was possible for


refAbstractLine:
Zostera marina L. and Fucus vesiculosus L. The relationships between biomass and bi-directional reflectance


refAbstractLine:
for there species followed a similar pattern, despite Fucus vesiculosus having carotenoids rather than chlorophylls as


refAbstractLine:
The objective of this survey was to establish the extent to which the beaches are, or are likely to become congested.


refAbstractLine:
Numbers of people using Milford ( including Hordle Cliff ) , Mudeford and Lepe beaches were counted and 720 people were


refAbstractLine:
questioned over 3 days. Patterns of beach use were assessed and the ratio of day visitors to holiday makers established.


refAbstractLine:
A list of recommendations for the recreational management of the beaches is presented.


refAbstractLine:
An account of the geology of the coastal cliffs between Becton Bunny to Chewton Bunny.


refAbstractLine:
The most characteristic feature of the Barton Clay cliffs of Christchurch Bay is the presence of a number of preferred


refAbstractLine:
bedding plane surfaces of shearing. Most of these are contained within clay horizons and the reason for their


refAbstractLine:
preferential use by the coastal landslides is unknown. One surface, however, is at the base of the 2.7m thick A3 zone


refAbstractLine:
which consists of inter-bedded sands and clays. This surface is well exposed and forms a distinct feature in the


refAbstractLine:
cliffs throughout nearly the whole of the 1.5 mile coastal outcrop of the A3 zone.


refAbstractLine:
The paper discusses the reason why a shear surface is preferentially develops at this stratigraphic location.


refAbstractLine:
Three possible causes are discussed under the headings of (i) pore pressure fluctuation, (ii) seepage erosion and


refAbstractLine:
piping and (iii) equilibration response time. The first two are well established theories but the third is a new


refAbstractLine:
hypothesis derived from the original Bishop and Bjerrum theory of delayed equilibration. It is considered that the


refAbstractLine:
discussion is useful in the general context of landsliding at sand/clay junctions in overconsolidated soils.


refAbstractLine:
Archive of borehole and trail pit logs relating to soils, surface sediments and substrate materials obtained from


refAbstractLine:
development sites throughout West Sussex. Includes copies of surveyor's notes and complete collection of annotated


refAbstractLine:
manuscript copies of all Geological Survey maps. Filed by location. Record includes data for several coastal sites.


refAbstractLine:
Pack of 20 35mm slides of aerial oblique views of the coastline, with accompanying notes. Designed for teaching


refAbstractLine:
Part III of Vol. 2 is concerned with the development of Littlehampton and Shoreham ( as well as Newhaven ), and


refAbstractLine:
includes specific details on harbour protection


refAbstractLine:
Three types of interceptor drain considered in the paper are (i) drains for surface water, (ii) cut-off drains in


refAbstractLine:
pervious strata overlying a relatively impervious stratum and (iii) vertical drainage wells for draining water into


refAbstractLine:
either pervious strata at depth or drains bored (or tunnelled) in from the slope face. Their function is to


refAbstractLine:
prevent surface of ground water from reaching an actual or potential landslide; drainage of the landslide itself is


refAbstractLine:
not considered in this paper.  Various difficulties which may impair the effectiveness of


refAbstractLine:
interceptor drains are listed. Cases from the literature are reviewed and new observations made in interceptor drains


refAbstractLine:
of which the authors have direct experience. It is shown that the performance of these drains may often be less than


refAbstractLine:
satisfactory and it is concluded that by their nature, interceptor drains require rigorous site investigation and


refAbstractLine:
monitoring before, during and after construction. Attention is also drawn to the generally negligible influence of


refAbstractLine:
interceptor drains on rates of equilibration of pore-water pressures depressed by unloading in clay soils.


refAbstractLine:
Hydrodynamics of Holes Bay at present and in comparison to predicted changes resulting from reclamation and bridge


refAbstractLine:
Aim - to provide a logical framework on which to plan the long-term future of the harbour and also to assist in the


refAbstractLine:
clarification of various aims with a view to establishing priorities.


refAbstractLine:
The plan describes the responsibility and policies of the Harbour Commissioners and after a brief historical resume


refAbstractLine:
lists the various reports and studies affecting the hydrology of the harbour. It then describes the various


refAbstractLine:
hydrological factors affecting the sea weed regime of each area of the harbour and this section is supported by a


refAbstractLine:
complete Appendix showing details of each survey over the years which enables a comparison of soundings to be made in


refAbstractLine:
each area.  A recommendation is then made of the future priorities of


refAbstractLine:
survey work and a series of précis is then included of the various reports and studies affecting policy and development


refAbstractLine:
in the harbour.  The plan concludes with describing the organisation for


refAbstractLine:
ensuring the integration of future harbour and Local Authorities plans and suggest that the continued updating of


refAbstractLine:
the Master Plan should play a part in achieving such integration.


refAbstractLine:
Factual report of accretion studies involving pre- and post- dredging surveys ( carried out for navigation channel


refAbstractLine:
maintenance ), to determine sources of accretion of deposition in outer part of Weymouth Harbour. There is some


refAbstractLine:
assessment of future maintenance and dredging requirements


refAbstractLine:
Report of an aerial-based survey of surface tidal flows in the Balter area of Poole Harbour, providing data on cur


refAbstractLine:
velocities at Spring and Neap ebbs and floods. Survey involved over 300 sampling points.


refAbstractLine:
Wind conditions and tidal state greatly effect the fate of pollutant introduced in Poole Bay with respect to the


refAbstractLine:
coastline. As might be expected, an onshore (southerly) wind has a more immediate impact than an offshore


refAbstractLine:
(northerly) wind, with the exception of Studland due to the orientation of the coastline here. An incident close to low


refAbstractLine:
water consistently has a more immediate impact than at any other state of the tide. With


refAbstractLine:
any wind condition an incident close to low water will affect Poole Bay within 1 to 2 days, and onshore wind making


refAbstractLine:
the problem all the more urgent. It would appear, on the basis of these results, that Poole Harbour could be affected


refAbstractLine:
in these conditions, given an easterly component to the wind. In exceptional conditions the south west coast of the


refAbstractLine:
Isle of Wight would also be affected within one day. Close to high water, particularly on the flood, there would appear


refAbstractLine:
to be a less immediate threat to the coastline; transport times in excess of 14 are typical. For any wind/tide state


refAbstractLine:
Christchurch Bay, the Solent and eastward would not be affected for at least 14 days if at all.


refAbstractLine:
In the event of an incident the areas effected will depend on the wind/tide conditions as outlined above, but the


refAbstractLine:
findings of this report identify these areas to be all of Poole Bay and, under certain conditions Poole Harbour, as


refAbstractLine:
opposed to only West Bournemouth and Studland as identified in 1987. The report takes no account of the spreading rates


refAbstractLine:
of a slick, however the results of the survey should be borne in mind when preparing an oil spill contingency plan.


refAbstractLine:
Details of beach profiles, by date ( month and year ) for 12 sectors of the Arun D.C. frontage. Held as drawings or in


refAbstractLine:
digital format. Tidal gauge data obtained from Bognor pier, integrated every 10 minutes, from 1st. Jan. 1988. Borehole


refAbstractLine:
data and offshore soundings refer to one site in Littlehampton Harbour, September 1985.


refAbstractLine:
Beach profile data held in original written and digital formats; summary diagram and schedule of dates.


refAbstractLine:
Investigation of hydraulic regime in vicinity of Hamworthy shore of Poole Harbour, with particular reference to the


refAbstractLine:
Lower Wareham channel. Study carried out in context of a reclamation and development proposal.


refAbstractLine:
Descriptive account of sea bed sediments and beach sediments in vicinity of outer Bembridge Harbour. Data includes


refAbstractLine:
grading curves and beach profile drawings


refAbstractLine:
Consultative document prepared by Cowes Harbour Commissioners and Isle of Wight Joint Planning Technical


refAbstractLine:
Unit to determine responses to growth in conflicting and competing uses and demands on Cowes Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
Wimpeys carried out a series of float tracking and current metering off the Hamworthy shore over complete cycles of


refAbstractLine:
Spring Tides and a complete record is contained in the report. Current metering was carried out in


refAbstractLine:
four positions at three different depths, at half a metre below the surface, at mid depth and half a metre above the


refAbstractLine:
seabed.  Float tracking was carried out with drogues at one metre depth except in


refAbstractLine:
shallow water where drogues at half a metre depth were used. Significant factors of interest during this survey are;


refAbstractLine:
(a) The maximum current speed recorded was of the order of 1.9knots and this was during the flood.


refAbstractLine:
(b) The tidal stream generally set straight down the main channel with no tendency to be deflected to the south


refAbstractLine:
The development and the characteristics of a transponder simulating a gravel size particle are described. The


refAbstractLine:
transponder is matched in frequency to a side-looking sonar, is recognisable on the sea bed to a distance of at least


refAbstractLine:
400m and has a variable pulse length and dead time. Future development allowing the tracking of free rolling


refAbstractLine:
transponders relative to fixed ones are discussed. Their use is anticipated in the West Solent


refAbstractLine:
An assessment of hydraulic regime in vicinity of proposed navigation channel in light of changes in the loose boundary


refAbstractLine:
regime of this part of Poole Harbour. There is an attempt to predict the longer-term effects on sedimentation in


refAbstractLine:
shallow channels arising from their frequent use by tanker traffic.


refAbstractLine:
Comprehensive review of hydraulic characteristics of Poole Harbour, with observations on apparent changes in accretion


refAbstractLine:
patterns since 1938 ( from which sediment transport patterns are inferred ). Specific analysis of tidal regime in


refAbstractLine:
vicinity of Middle Channel, which was proposed as an alternative principal shipping routeway.


refAbstractLine:
Before building the Roll-on Roll-off terminal which involved the ultimate reclamation of 10.7 acres, it was necessary for


refAbstractLine:
the Poole Harbour Commissioners to ensure that the development would not adversely affect the tidal flow and


refAbstractLine:
scour into or out of the harbour, cause siltation or adversely affect small or large craft in other ways.


refAbstractLine:
The report as well as commenting on the likely affects of the proposed New Works also drew attention to a serious


refAbstractLine:
siltation taking place in the Upper Reaches of the Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
A review commissioned by the Crown Estate Commissioners of all available data in the South Coast area ( U.K. waters


refAbstractLine:
between 50- 51oN and 20W to 2oE ) with the aim of summarising potential marine aggregate resources. The report


refAbstractLine:
describes the sources of data, sea-bed classification and interpretation of B.G.S. samples, tidal currents, bathymetry


refAbstractLine:
and sea-floor topography, general geology, paleovalleys, general distribution of sediments, sediment sources and


refAbstractLine:
transport, dredging, potential aggregate sources, recommendations for geophysical and sampling surveys.


refAbstractLine:
Eight maps are provided at 1:250,000, they cover the coast between Bournemouth and Dungeness and extend up to 75km


refAbstractLine:
offshore. Map 1. Bathymetry. Map 2. Bedforms.


refAbstractLine:
Map 3. Sample points.  Map 4. Sea bed sediments and underlying geology.


refAbstractLine:
Map 5. Palaeovalleys and sediment thickness. Map 6. Surface distribution of course aggregate.


refAbstractLine:
Map 7. Surface distribution of fine aggregate. Map 8. Licensed dredging areas.


refAbstractLine:
A geophysical survey to determine the seismostratigraphy and the thickness of deposits. The techniques employed were;


refAbstractLine:
high resolution seismic profiling using a sub-tow boomer system, sidescan sonar, and bathymetry measurement by echo


refAbstractLine:
sounder. The study area was between Beachy Head and Anvil Point and up to 30km offshore ( but not including a


refAbstractLine:
nearshore zone 2km-8km wide. Six maps are provided at a scale of 1:100,000; Maps 1E,


refAbstractLine:
1W Bathymetry and seismastratigraphy interpreted from east-west boomer records.


refAbstractLine:
Maps 2E, 2W Bathymetry and seismostratigraphy interpreted from north-south boomer records.


refAbstractLine:
Maps 3E, 3W Palaeovalleys and infilling sediments. Maps 4E, 4W Mobile seabed sediments.


refAbstractLine:
Maps 5E, 5W Sidescan sediments and bedforms, interpreted from sidescan sonar.


refAbstractLine:
Investigation of the use of coal-fired power station products for artificial reef construction. The brochure


refAbstractLine:
considers; preliminary studies, consultations and licensing, manufacture and deployment, initial colonisation, future


refAbstractLine:
Chiefly concerned with architectural details and logistics of construction, but includes some incidental reference to


refAbstractLine:
location of shoreline, 1850-1865, at both sites at time of construction.


refAbstractLine:
In-house' database providing database of all reported archaeological material reported flow from islands coastal


refAbstractLine:
zone, Palaeolithic- 1985. Every entry catalogues nature of substrate at site ( if known. )


refAbstractLine:
* Three-dimensional model(s) using bathymetry from hydrographic charts and other documents back to 1783, with


refAbstractLine:
objective of analysing change within and between survey dates.


refAbstractLine:
* Section drawings of late Holocene deposits containing artefacts ( research in progress. )


refAbstractLine:
- *only site modelled to date ( Sept. 1990 ) is Fishbourne foreshore.


refAbstractLine:
Survey charts at scale of 1:1250, at approximately 5 yearly intervals.


refAbstractLine:
Irregular surveys to determine 'best' navigation channel(s), and positioning of buoys. Usual scale: 1:1750.


refAbstractLine:
Each title is a pack of 20 35mm. slides of oblique aerial views of the coastline, with accompanying descriptive notes.


refAbstractLine:
(Reports contain comments by Lewis and Duvivier)


refAbstractLine:
Sequence of annotated black and white photographs of landslip at Gore Cliff, Blackgang, taken within 2 days and 3


refAbstractLine:
months subsequent to major failure, July 1928. (author(s) unknown)


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical report on sediment properties of samples from shallow borehole logs at mouth of harbour ( vicinity of


refAbstractLine:
Review of existing condition of defences along coastal frontage of Osborne House, including a brief assessment of


refAbstractLine:
evidence for erosion of intertidal zone. Recommendations are made for improvements.


refAbstractLine:
Contains references to maps, map series and publications relating incidentally to coastal change.


refAbstractLine:
Available for public purchase from: A.H.D., Ministry of Defence (Navy), Taunton, Somerset, TA1 2ON ( Tel:(0283)


refAbstractLine:
(a) 3 monthly interval survey of Ocean Berths, 1:1250 (b) Yearly survey of Conston Berth, 1:1250.


refAbstractLine:
(c) Yearly survey of Terminal approaches, 1:1250.


refAbstractLine:
Study based on Plateau Gravel and Brickearth Cliffs near Lepe.


refAbstractLine:
Reports of investigations at Barton-on-sea.


refAbstractLine:
Describes a number of examples where the benefits of coast protection schemes have been investigated using cost-benefit


refAbstractLine:
Bi-annual inventories of current meter data collected on MAFF field investigations in the waters around the British


refAbstractLine:
Isle. [ Full list in References Section of Technical Report No. 88,1988.] Includes several sites in SCOPAC area. This


refAbstractLine:
data is supplied directly to BODC ( British Oceanography Data Centre ), Bidstow Laboratory ( Liverpool ), formerly


refAbstractLine:
the Marine Information and Advisory Service.


refAbstractLine:
Archive of wave data observed by ships of passage and light vessels, mostly determined by visual analysis. Using the M.


refAbstractLine:
O. European wave model, various hindcast analyses can be undertaken, e.g.. wave height against wave direction; wave


refAbstractLine:
direction and wave period. Analysis is carried out, wherever possible, for wind, swell and resultant waves.


refAbstractLine:
Specifications are contained on the accompanying literature. Most of the record dates from 1985, and is therefore most


refAbstractLine:
suitable for researching specific wave spectra for short periods of time - i.e. past events. Archive only available


refAbstractLine:
Print-out of details and sortie diagrams provided.


refAbstractLine:
Hourly autographic and daily manual observations of wind speed and direction, held as both manuscript and


refAbstractLine:
computerised records. Details for each station ( format, type and length of record, NGR,) provided on attached


refAbstractLine:
print-out supplied by NMA, July 1990. Accompanying letter provides details of charges for extraction and supply of


refAbstractLine:
Extracted summaries of data archived in MIAS Catalogue of Wave Data (1988) and TCSS ( POL Bidston ) Sea-Level Data


refAbstractLine:
Catalogue (30/4/90) for all locations in SCOPAC area. Details given of geographical location ; instrumentation ;


refAbstractLine:
duration of record ; data sampling method(s) and location of data sets ( if not BODC.) Descriptive details of structure


refAbstractLine:
and format of inventory, together with charges for access, available in accompanying sheets and correspondence.


refAbstractLine:
Hampshire County Council's approach to coastal planning and management, highlighting some current issues and their


refAbstractLine:
One paragraph or page entries on development plans and public enquiries relating to geological and geomorphological


refAbstractLine:
SSSI's at the coastline.  * All Dorset entries are listed chronologically ( up to 1988 )


refAbstractLine:
in " Bibliography and Index of Dorset Geology." ( pp.43-4 ).


refAbstractLine:
The emphasis of sandwave research has been directed towards the observation and description of "static" properties. The


refAbstractLine:
attempt is made here to define hydrodynamic relationships and two-dimensional morphology. The form parameters of


refAbstractLine:
marine sandwaves have not been quantified as satisfactorily as ripples and dunes; this is because of the multiplicity of


refAbstractLine:
simultaneous variables in field conditions. Full understanding requires study of the inter-relations between


refAbstractLine:
field study of bedforms and theoretical models. The paper contains reference to several field investigations,


refAbstractLine:
Overlapping stereo cover in both cases. Costs of and processing and printing available from contact address below


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical report of soil, sediment and substrate properties along line of proposed deep water jetty


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical data on cliff materials, together with calculations of ground-water conditions and stability


refAbstractLine:
threshold gradients. Basically factual in content, but including some evaluation of proposed solutions to problem


refAbstractLine:
of recurrent cliff erosion and slope failure.


refAbstractLine:
This dissertation is concerned with environmental change occurring over the past century to the length of the coast :


refAbstractLine:
The Hamble Estuary to Fort Blockhouse, on the east Solent coastline of Hampshire, U.K.. It reviews and makes critical


refAbstractLine:
comment on the available literature identifying the changes. It assesses the value of the appropriate cartographic


refAbstractLine:
evidence available, and makes a critical analysis of the 1983, 1987 and 1989 profile data available from the NRA (


refAbstractLine:
National Rivers Authority ). It presents a comprehensive set of profile plots for 1983, 1987, and 1989 for the majority


refAbstractLine:
of the coastline under the responsibility of Fareham Council.


refAbstractLine:
This dissertation identifies temporal and compatibility problems in comparing different types of data and also


refAbstractLine:
problems associated with individual data sets, especially the N.R.A. profile data. It concludes that the N.R.A. data


refAbstractLine:
have very good potential for analysing beach profile change, but problems associated with calibration of equipment need


refAbstractLine:
to be removed and more data sets need to be made available for it to be of any value. Possible


refAbstractLine:
large errors in location of low water mark, especially on shallow beaches, have been identified thus, questioning the


refAbstractLine:
reliability of ground survey data from cartographic sources. Overall, the data available with respect to this length of


refAbstractLine:
coast is either insufficient or unreliable to identify rates of change. Numerous factors have influenced change,


refAbstractLine:
including physical and anthropogenic activity.


refAbstractLine:
Objective of survey was to evaluate the impact of cuttings pile on epifauna at site of exploratory oil drilling. Data


refAbstractLine:
includes analysis of sediment particle-size-distribution.


refAbstractLine:
General coverage at 1:75,000, with insets at 1:20,000 for Warbarrow Bay ; Lulworth Cove ; Chapman's Pool and St.


refAbstractLine:
General sheet at 1:75,000, with insets at 1:7,500 for Yarmouth; Lymington River; Approaches to Keyhaven; Beaulieu


refAbstractLine:
Brief account of previous history of shoreline recession and localised accretion, at Lee-on-the-Solent, together with


refAbstractLine:
more detailed assessment of current problems and proposed remedial measures.


refAbstractLine:
Profile of the historical and contemporary uses of the Hampshire coastline, emphasising the problems of planning


refAbstractLine:
for conflicting and competing land uses. Contains sections on shoreline / coastal defence and protection ; offshore


refAbstractLine:
Text to accompany a 16mm. film and filmstrip devoted to coastal erosion and protection in Christchurch Bay : refers


refAbstractLine:
especially to problems at Barton-on-Sea, and the protection measures of 1967-1969. Wallet at end contains black and


refAbstractLine:
white photographs of cliff conditions immediately prior to remodelling.


refAbstractLine:
Report of laboratory tests to determine undrained shear strength and mechanical properties from a set of borehole


refAbstractLine:
samples of drift and solid geological deposits between Forts Monkton and Blockhouse.


refAbstractLine:
Superficial and solid geology of seawall site, based on borehole records; stratigraphy and geotechnical properties


refAbstractLine:
of samples; groundwater fluctuations determined by average tidal oscillations.


refAbstractLine:
Report of program of investigation into surface sediments and sub-surface material at site of berthing facilities for


refAbstractLine:
sludge boats serving Slowhill Copse Sewage Treatment Works near Marchwood ( River Test estuary.) Results include


refAbstractLine:
description of sediments from ten borehole logs, including index properties, particle size characteristics, triaxial


refAbstractLine:
and consolidated triaxail compression tests. Borehole profiles are presented in a series of diagrams.


refAbstractLine:
10 volumes of correspondence, mostly concerned with planning issues but including occasional references to evidence for


refAbstractLine:
beach erosion and groyne construction. Files for February to July 1966 cover the negotiations for the laying of


refAbstractLine:
electricity and gas pipelines to the Isle of Wight, Including some background details of inshore geology.


refAbstractLine:
Reports of site visits, recording progress on seawall construction to date, and discussion of planting. Both


refAbstractLine:
reports include photographs taken during respective visits.


refAbstractLine:
Descriptive profiles of 8 offshore borehole logs, and tables of data relating to properties of 60 grab-sampled sea bed


refAbstractLine:
sediments : shear strength, moisture content and chemical analyses.


refAbstractLine:
Profiles of 18 shallow borehole logs and particle-size distribution curves of sediment samples, including seabed


refAbstractLine:
Superficial sediments and substrate geology from a set of boreholes at a site 200m. inland from HWM, Eastney, S.E.


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical report of surface and shallow subsurface sediments + Eocene strata at site of Fort Blockhouse,


refAbstractLine:
obtained from set of closely-spaced borehole logs. Includes typical and average shear strengths of surface "soils" +


refAbstractLine:
sediments, and interpolation of sub-drift boundary.


refAbstractLine:
Description of surface sediments and shallow substrate ( solid ) geology from set of boreholes on site of H.M.S.


refAbstractLine:
Dolphin adjacent to Haslar Creek. A geological cross-section of site is included. There is some ancillary data on


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical properties of foreshore sediments and substrate geology between H.M.S. Dolphin perimeter and Fort


refAbstractLine:
Blockhouse, based on set of borehole logs. Majority of data is on comprehensive strength of sediments, and bearing


refAbstractLine:
Diagrammatic series of borehole logs - no accompanying text.


refAbstractLine:
File " Parcel No. 1380/3, O/T 1617, Box 15." MRC, HCC.


refAbstractLine:
Detailed description of the contemporary biophysical and human environment of the entire length of the Solent Way Long


refAbstractLine:
Distance coastal path, in twelve sections.


refAbstractLine:
Contains data obtained from 30 automatic current metering sites throughout Solent operated over one month period in


refAbstractLine:
Annual hydrographic surveys at 1:500 based on bathymetric soundings at every 0.1m. intervals ; contours are


refAbstractLine:
interpolated. Chart Datum is + 2.74m. O.D.. Held as fair drawings on tracing film, being transformed ( April 1990 )


refAbstractLine:
to microfilm. Records prior to 1975 are not preserved.


refAbstractLine:
Annual hydrographic surveys at 1:500, with bathymetric soundings at 0.1m. intervals ; contours interpolated. Chart


refAbstractLine:
Datum : 2.74m. O.D. Records in both chart form on tracing film and microfilm. Records prior to 1975 not preserved.


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical report of sediments and underlying geology obtained from a set of shallow boreholes.


refAbstractLine:
A methodological study of accuracy and compatibility of documentary evidence for changes in spit growth and decay at


refAbstractLine:
5 yearly hydrographic surveys, 1973, in vicinity of Hamble yacht basin and at Hamble mouth, 1:2500; survey of yacht


refAbstractLine:
haven approaches, 1:2500, 1970. Series of cross sections of Hamble River, Bursledon Bridge to Hamble mouth, 1:1250,


refAbstractLine:
1973, 1981, 1988. Hydrographic survey of entire Hamble river, 1:2500, every 5 years from 1976.


refAbstractLine:
1:5000 hydrographic charts. 1:500 charts.


refAbstractLine:
(1) undertaken in compliance with Gull Island Protection Act (1986).


refAbstractLine:
Report of possible causes and consequences of cliff stability along the perimeter of Lulworth Cove, including


refAbstractLine:
tentative identification of operative processes. Suggested remedial actions are detailed for East Point and adjoining


refAbstractLine:
landslips ; the mudflow sector located on Wealden Clays ; the northern cliff face, and the " coastguard " cliff. The


refAbstractLine:
Report is accompanied by a series of colour photographs.


refAbstractLine:
Report of seabed survey of 1000m. wide corridor, Brighton ( East Pier ) to Dieppe - site of telephone cable route.


refAbstractLine:
Alignment sheets at scales of 1:5,000 and 1:10,000 illustrating core logs ( to depths of 10m. ); bathymetry;


refAbstractLine:
transverse sections of seabed and seabed features. Latter include following divisions : Featureless, poorly-sorted


refAbstractLine:
coarse sands and gravels; sand; rippled sand; chalk outcrops; areas of sandwaves; orientation of sandwave axes, showing


refAbstractLine:
amplitude and wavelength; breaks of slope, showing step length and dip angle. Report covers survey narrative,


refAbstractLine:
equipment and its development; tidal reductions; geological summary, and discussion of results.


refAbstractLine:
Description of field and laboratory techniques used in national survey ( other reports in this series describe


refAbstractLine:
specific areas.) Coverage includes studies of sea-bed morphology; sediment sampling strategy and sampling


refAbstractLine:
techniques; hydrographic and water-quality measurements; analysis of sediments.


refAbstractLine:
A transport formula is presented which is based upon the rate of energy dissipation in breaking waves. It


refAbstractLine:
incorporates a dimensionless grain size parameter, and has been calibrated against field and laboratory data.


refAbstractLine:
This report describes a wave modelling study undertaken for Arun District Council. Existing wave prediction models for


refAbstractLine:
the area were calibrated and validated against wave measurements off Littlehampton. The improved models were


refAbstractLine:
then run in order to simulate hourly wave conditions based on Portland wind data 1974 - 88, and then to derive an


refAbstractLine:
offshore wave climate. Extreme offshore directional spectra were produced for various return periods and directional


refAbstractLine:
sectors in a form suitable for use in the refraction model already operated by Arun D.C.. Finally, recent overtopping


refAbstractLine:
events were reviewed and compared with measured water levels and predicted wave conditions, leading to advice on coast


refAbstractLine:
A report on the lowering of beach level on the north-eastern beach at Pagham, together with an assessment of possible


refAbstractLine:
coast protection implications of the 1955 harbour mouth breach. The study is based on comparison of 1950 and 1955


refAbstractLine:
aerial photographs and review of previous reports. Recommendations are that the breach should be closed and


refAbstractLine:
Report of prevailing conditions of cliffslope instability, and their basic geological causes, along the south western


refAbstractLine:
sector of Sulworth Cove, and Stair Hole. There is some tentative identification of causal processes, together with


refAbstractLine:
certain recommendations for the remedial action. The text is accompanied by a set of colour photographs.


refAbstractLine:
A general account of the mechanisms of beach drift and longshore sediment transport, with special reference to


refAbstractLine:
sedimentation at tidal inlets. Most of the exemplification is taken from South West England.


refAbstractLine:
Detailed survey of sea bed relief and surface current velocities, carried out over three successive days in March


refAbstractLine:
1988. (An extended summary of the operation is held on file)


refAbstractLine:
Vol. 1: Contract specifications. Vol. 2: Report and Appendices. Vol. 3: Computer Listings: Recording Current


refAbstractLine:
Meters. Vol. 4: Computer Listings: Meteorology, Fixed Stations, Drogues and Tides. Survey carried out between


refAbstractLine:
August 19 and September 21, 1980. Vol. 2 contains details of survey approach and techniques and reproduces


refAbstractLine:
survey data in a sequence of maps, graphs, tables and other diagrams. Section (2) is a "Report on the sampling survey


refAbstractLine:
carried out along the route of the proposed Long Sea outface from Lyme Regis" completed by Alluvial Mining Co. Ltd. (on


refAbstractLine:
behalf of DESI). It describes analytical procedures applied to seabed sediments sampled in the survey area, and


refAbstractLine:
reproduces the result in the form of descriptive logs, particle size analysis curves, and tabulated data on


refAbstractLine:
Attenberg Limits; Natural Moisture Content; Vane tests; Pocket Penetrometer tests; Undrained triaxial compression


refAbstractLine:
tests, and micropalaeontogical data. Section 11 is a summary report of the principal features of the seabed,


refAbstractLine:
distinguishing areas of bedrock outcrop, thin sediment veneers and bedform. Section (3) contains graphical plots


refAbstractLine:
for each station of tidal current velocities, tidal residuals and current speeds and directions with 2


refAbstractLine:
succession of tidal cycles. Section (4/5) are a sequence of isopleth plots of current speeds (cm/sec) for each fixed


refAbstractLine:
station, and graphs of current directions against time for each tidal cycle (with range stated). Section (5) is a


refAbstractLine:
sequence of maps of isopleths of current speeds (cm/sec) for each fixed station, and graphs of current direction over


refAbstractLine:
time for complete tidal cycles (with tidal range given). Section (6) contains plots of analogue traces of dye


refAbstractLine:
concentration profiles, showing sequences over time for injection points at the seawater surface. Section (7) is a


refAbstractLine:
record of the self-recording tide gauge, August 24 to September 21. Section (8) is a record of wind speed and


refAbstractLine:
direction, sampled every 60 minutes, August 19 to September 20. Section (8) is a sequence of 1:50,000 maps of tidal


refAbstractLine:
stream vectors, taken every 30 minutes from -6hr HW to +6hr HW, with surface values in cm/sec (tidal range of 2.55m.


refAbstractLine:
D.D.) There is an accompanying collection of plans and drawings at 1:2500, giving (i) side scan sonar survey; (ii)


refAbstractLine:
bathymetry; (iii) sea-bed contours; and (iv) depth to rockhead ('Boomer' Survey). (Survey area extends to approx.


refAbstractLine:
6kms south of Lyme Regis and 12kms to the west).


refAbstractLine:
Investigation of the coastal sediment compartment between West Bay and Lyme Regis was undertaken using budgetary


refAbstractLine:
approach involving quantification of shingle inputs, outputs stores and transfer mechanisms of the system. Analysis of


refAbstractLine:
12,000 pebbles sampled from Charmouth, Seatown and Eype Beaches reveal that pebble lithology and size range were


refAbstractLine:
similar on all west Dorset beaches, including Chesil beach and that roundness and sphericity were greater, a feature


refAbstractLine:
explained by sorting and abrasion. These similarities are explained if the west Dorset beaches were previously


refAbstractLine:
connected and their shingle originated from a common source i.e.. local coastal erosion. Pebble size, sphericity and


refAbstractLine:
roundness gradings indicated marked eastward net littoral drift on Charmouth Beach, slight net eastward drift on


refAbstractLine:
Seatown Beach and no clear net drift on Eype Beach. Littoral drift was measured directly by a series of


refAbstractLine:
experiments employing aluminium tracer pebbles. These were efficiently recovered down to a maximum depth of 0.45m


refAbstractLine:
beneath the beach surface using matel detectors and high recovery rates approaching 100% were achieved. Experiments


refAbstractLine:
were conducted simultaneously on 100% shingle (St Gabriels) and mixed sand/shingle (Charmouth) beaches during both high


refAbstractLine:
and low energy wave conditions. A maximum mean longshore velocity of 21m/day was recorded and maximum transport of an


refAbstractLine:
individual tracer was 62m/day. Generally, transport velocity was greater on the mixed sand/shingle beach because of


refAbstractLine:
greater surface retention of the relatively large tracer pebbles. Differential tracer transport was carefully


refAbstractLine:
analysed using multivariate techniques which revealed that transport was most rapid on the upper beach near HWM.


refAbstractLine:
Larger tracers were more rapidly transported then smaller tracers, suggesting that eastward increase of pebble size on


refAbstractLine:
beaches in west Dorset results from net eastward drift. Littoral drift volumes of 2 cubic metres per day - 22 cubic


refAbstractLine:
metres per day during low wave energy and a maximum of 168 cubic metres per day during high wave energy were recorded.


refAbstractLine:
Net eastward littoral drift of 3447 cubic metres pa was calculated for St Gabriels by comparison of experimental


refAbstractLine:
wave conditions with a representative wave climate hindcast over a ten year period. Alternative rates of 1366 cubic


refAbstractLine:
metres pa and 1558 cubic metres to the east were calculated using net positional shift of tracers and beach accretion


refAbstractLine:
over the past 40 years. Net eastward shift of 4710 cubic metres pa was calculated for Charmouth, although this


refAbstractLine:
includes 405 sand and grit so that shingle drift is 2825 cubic metres pa. Drift of the whole beach sediment size


refAbstractLine:
spectrum therefore decreases towards St Gabriels due to progressive offshore loss of sand/grit. Transport equations


refAbstractLine:
were calculated from the experimental data enabling prediction of shingle drift volumes from breaking wave data.


refAbstractLine:
The equations are believed more accurate than previous equations as they were calculated over a wider range of wave


refAbstractLine:
conditions on both 100% shingle and mixed sand/shingle beaches. Shingle budgets were constructed separately for


refAbstractLine:
Charmouth, Seatown and Eype Beaches because of landslide debris which currently blocks the foreshore beneath Golden


refAbstractLine:
Cap and Doghill, thereby preventing connections between beaches. Charmouth Beach has been characterised by


refAbstractLine:
accretion (1710 cubic metres pa: 1901-88) as shingle output by attrition and intermittent eastward littoral drift was


refAbstractLine:
insufficient to offset coastal erosion input. Although eastward littoral drift output has been blocked by landslide


refAbstractLine:
debris beneath Golden Cap since 1948, maximum accretion is estimated at only 1558 cubic metres pa because of a hitherto


refAbstractLine:
undetected offshore output. Net eastward drift concentrates accretion on the eastern and central beach so that the


refAbstractLine:
western beach (Black Ven - Stonebarrow) remains relatively depleted, despite its proximity to coastal erosion supply.


refAbstractLine:
The shingle budget of Seatown Beach was previously dominated by large-scale input from eastward littoral drift (ceased


refAbstractLine:
c.1948) and output by grave extraction (ceased 1987), resulting in net shingle loss estimated at 38,000 cubic


refAbstractLine:
metres (1900-1988). The present day shingle budget is delicately balanced with net depletion of 95 cubic metres


refAbstractLine:
pa, a situation expected to continue for the next 20-30 years. Eype Beach is currently an enclosed shingle


refAbstractLine:
circulation system with negligible input and relatively small output, so it is a fossil beach characterised by


refAbstractLine:
depletion at approximately 133 cubic metres pa. The protection afforded to the base of the sea-cliffs behind


refAbstractLine:
Seatown and Eype beaches is diminishing due to slow beach depletion, whilst efficient shingle transport on the western


refAbstractLine:
part of Charmouth beach (Black Ven - Stonebarrow) prevents accretion despite rapid supply. The current trend for


refAbstractLine:
increasing coastal erosion at these sites is therefore expected to continue in the future, particularly in view of


refAbstractLine:
recent predictions of an accelerating sea-level rise (from the current 1.1-1.5 mm pa to a maximum of 20mm pa within the


refAbstractLine:
next 100 years). Budgetary analysis allows the contribution of a single factor in the coastal system to alter so that


refAbstractLine:
its effects on all other factors in the sys tem can be determined and the physical effects of specific management


refAbstractLine:
policies can be simulated. Using this approach, it is clear that gravel extraction is undesirable on any of the west


refAbstractLine:
Dorset beaches because a delicate shingle balance exists and beach depletion is liable to cause accelerated coastal


refAbstractLine:
erosion, particularly with the threat of accelerated sea-level rise. A broader view of the evolution of the


refAbstractLine:
south west Dorset coast is also taken and it is hypothesised that coastal erosion of the West Bay - Lyme Regis segment


refAbstractLine:
provided a major supply of fresh gravel to Chesil Beach over the past 4000-5000 years, until transport connections were


refAbstractLine:
cut in 1867 by the infilling of the West Bay piers.


refAbstractLine:
Review of stability of cliffs sloping up from existing sea wall to immediate west of entrance to West Bay. After a


refAbstractLine:
summary of geological and topographical properties of site, results are laboratory tests on samples from two boreholes


refAbstractLine:
are presented (stratigraphy, natural moisture content, natural wet densities, effective shear strength, plastic and


refAbstractLine:
liquid limits). An assessment of existing slope stability along selected transects is put forward, based on "soils"


refAbstractLine:
parameters derived from tests. There is a brief evaluative, conclusion relating to potential slope instabilities.


refAbstractLine:
General account of geology and recent history of coastal defences of site, (to immediate east of West Bay harbour,


refAbstractLine:
West to Black Rock), together with report of laboratory tests of samples obtained from 3 boreholes. Comments on


refAbstractLine:
soil/rock conditions in relation to proposed sea wall and boulder dump, including observations of performance of wall


refAbstractLine:
constructed in 1969. An approximation of the ground water table is given, together with details of borehole logs.


refAbstractLine:
Factual report of ground conditions at site of proposed protection works, covering penetration tests; strength


refAbstractLine:
tests; particle-size distribution; borehole logs and chemical analysis of ground-water and soil samples.


refAbstractLine:
Longshore transport rates for sand in the littoral zone are determined, by reference to fluorescent sand tracer


refAbstractLine:
movement. Fluorescently-dyed sand was used to replace a quantity of natural beach sand and its progress along the


refAbstractLine:
beach determined by collecting a series of cores on the beach, during the subsequent low tide. Laboratory analyses


refAbstractLine:
were carried out to determine fluorescent sand movement. Wave and current data were recorded at the time of the


refAbstractLine:
experiments and sand transport rates correlated with these current and wave speed and direction. Relationships between


refAbstractLine:
the wave height and angle of approach of the waves to the longshore current velocity were also examined and found to


refAbstractLine:
differ by approximately 60% with the currents predicted from wave data being smaller then the measured currents. Current


refAbstractLine:
speed and direction were measured using electromagnetic current meters, wave height using pressure transducers or


refAbstractLine:
visual estimation, and the angle of wave approach was calculated from differences in the arrival time of wave


refAbstractLine:
crests measured from pressure transducer data. The rate of littoral sand transport is then compared with that predicted


refAbstractLine:
from the formulae presented by CERC (1973) and Bagnold (1963). Mean transport rates of 1.1 x 10 m s and 2.7 x 10


refAbstractLine:
m s were predicted from the pressure transducer data and current meter data, respectively. These results agree well


refAbstractLine:
with the mean rates found by Henderson (1980), Wright (1982) and Lacey (1985) of 1.6 x 10 m s . Tracer movement data


refAbstractLine:
when analysed, derived annual transport rates of approximately 1x10 m s . This is three orders of magnitude


refAbstractLine:
lower than that predicted by the wave data. Similar differences have been found by other investigators elsewhere


refAbstractLine:
and are thought to be due to differing rates of transport at different points in the tidal cycle.


refAbstractLine:
This thesis presents the results of a bathymetric and sedimentary survey conducted in Poole Bay during May-August


refAbstractLine:
1987. The survey deployed side-scan sonar and echosounder, and took sediment samples of the seabed using divers and a


refAbstractLine:
grab sampler. The bathymetry of the survey is presented in chart form. The data processed using a combination of


refAbstractLine:
echosounder traces and sonographs. Corrections were made for Decca errors and the prevailing tidal conditions,


refAbstractLine:
reducing data to Chart Datum. Both computer produced and contoured charts are presented, they show consistent


refAbstractLine:
variations in seabed sands, and depressions in the inferred path of Devensian drainage pattern. The seabed slope gently


refAbstractLine:
to the south. Side-scan sonar data collected in the area shows both variations in sediment texture and in sedimentary


refAbstractLine:
bedform morphology. A large part of the floor of Poole Bay is covered by gravel, sand ribbons and sand waves. The


refAbstractLine:
bedforms tend to be characterised by a larger amplitude and longer wavelength in the southern and deeper part of the


refAbstractLine:
survey area. The seabed was effectively mapped, any ambiguities in the sonograph interpretation was confirmed by


refAbstractLine:
grab and diver sampling. Sediment grab samples were analysed by sieving through 1/4 phi B. S. sieves and


refAbstractLine:
analysed. The results are presented in statistical form. They show the floor of Poole Bay to be represented by a


refAbstractLine:
triple modal composition: A -4 phi gravel: +1 and +2 phi medium and fine sand. The gravels can be categorised on the


refAbstractLine:
basis of their interstitial sand content (saturation) and their matrix or clast supported texture. The sand waves are


refAbstractLine:
composed of dominantly medium well sorted sands, and appear to be traversing over an imbricated gravel substrate. The


refAbstractLine:
calcium carbonate content was analysed and shows good correlation with depth and quantitative sediment mobility.


refAbstractLine:
The path of sediment movement has been inferred by the asymmetry of sand and gravel waves and directionality of


refAbstractLine:
sand ribbons. The dominant path of movement was found to be to the south and south-west. this corresponds to the


refAbstractLine:
direction of sediment transport in the adjacent Christchurch Bay. The provenance of material has been examined and


refAbstractLine:
attributed to erosion of the Lower Barton beds forming the north coast of the Bay. The south field of sand wave trains


refAbstractLine:
is probably a result of the confluence of the sediments from Christchurch Bay and Poole Bay.


refAbstractLine:
The study aimed to relate variation in suspended sediment concentration to breaker parameters such as wave height,


refAbstractLine:
water depth, breaker type, wave period and beach slope. This was done by using a simple lightweight hand held


refAbstractLine:
sampler. Results were obtained for a site west of Boscombe Pier and were somewhat inconclusive, but showed a relation


refAbstractLine:
between sediment concentration with elevation above sea-bed and breaker type.


refAbstractLine:
Random wave physical model test of an existing harbour have been conducted at a Froudian Scale of 1 to 75. The main


refAbstractLine:
purpose of the study was to examine the effects of various harbour extensions in the vicinity of the Ferry Terminal and


refAbstractLine:
the North Pier. Additionally the performance of a beach nourishment scheme, directed at enhancing beach levels along


refAbstractLine:
the town frontage, was assessed. Waves were tested from three different directions and the results used to


refAbstractLine:
determine likely patterns of movement of model sediments, for a range of proposed harbour layouts, using sediment


refAbstractLine:
tracers and dye injection. The mobile beach material, scaled to closely reproduce the important characteristics of the


refAbstractLine:
real seabed sediments, was placed on top of the rigid moulding. Observations in the model provided a qualitative


refAbstractLine:
assessment of its likely movement during storm conditions. A video record was produced which shows the wave disturbance


refAbstractLine:
and sediment movement for all important schemes.


refAbstractLine:
Description of principal features of permanent underwater trail; mostly sub-littoral plants, but containing brief


refAbstractLine:
details of underwater morphology along trail route, and in immediate vicinity.


refAbstractLine:
Summary of environmental surveys commissioned by B.P. in connection with oil and gas exploration, 1985-1990


refAbstractLine:
Profiles taken at between 1 and 3 monthly intervals from fixed benchmarks; scale of 1:250


refAbstractLine:
Data incorporated into successive and summary reports of the Poole and Christchurch Bay Research Project (separately


refAbstractLine:
Files for daily and weekly readings; incomplete for certain periods.


refAbstractLine:
A condensed version of the DOE-sponsored Technical Report on the same topic, covering the nature of the landslip problem,


refAbstractLine:
it's scale and historical precedents, approaches to management on the part of the local authority, developers,


refAbstractLine:
builders and property owners. Concludes with an assessment of the future.


refAbstractLine:
Describes a wave modelling study, using HINDWAVE model to derive an offshore wave climate for a point just south-west


refAbstractLine:
of the Needles. Extreme directional spectra were obtained for various return periods, with directional sectors for use


refAbstractLine:
An outline of the recent geomorphological behaviour of Hurst Castle Spit and attempts at remedial protection back to the


refAbstractLine:
mid-nineteenth century, together with proposals for physical modelling of wave climate of Christchurch Bay and response


refAbstractLine:
of spit to various stabilisation measures. (Prepared for visit to Hydraulics Research, consultants for modelling


refAbstractLine:
Study includes samples taken from East Cliff, Lyme Regis


refAbstractLine:
Remedial measures to protect block of flats at cliff top, Durlston Bay and their accommodation to preservation of


refAbstractLine:
geological interest in middle Purbeck series.


refAbstractLine:
Brief mention of contemporary scheme to drain the Fleet


refAbstractLine:
A theoretical systems-based account of mass movement processes, making specific reference to positive feedback in


refAbstractLine:
coastal mudflows (based on observation and measurement at Black Ven and Stonebarrow, West Dorset).


refAbstractLine:
Includes palynological analysis of selected organic horizons in borehole logs from estuaries peats of early- to


refAbstractLine:
Bathymetric and radar float tracking of tidal streams in vicinities of original (84) and repositioned (89) outfall


refAbstractLine:
site. Survey uses high resolution radar with video recording for simultaneous multi-float location.


refAbstractLine:
Report of ground conditions at site, approx. 30m. from cliff-top. Details relate to borehole records, grouted pin


refAbstractLine:
push-out tests and sinking tests. Appendix A contains geotechnical recommendations to contractors.


refAbstractLine:
General survey of stratigraphy and structure of Furzey/Jordan's cliff, along N.E. extremity of Weymouth Bay,


refAbstractLine:
Brief review of effects of groyne and seawall construction in Swanage Bay.


refAbstractLine:
Study uses case studies from Kent (Home Bay), Scotland (Buckhaven) and Dorset (West Bay).


refAbstractLine:
Details of particle size analysis from surface and shallow sub-surface (borehole) samples at sites of proposed groynes


refAbstractLine:
Geotechnical data (PSD, shear strength, water content and 'porosity') of seabed sediments and geological substrate -


refAbstractLine:
to depth of 20m - in vicinity of outer breakwaters.


refAbstractLine:
Discussion of some conceptual problems posed by the development of the coastal plan, cliff forms and offshore


refAbstractLine:
relief between Durdle Door and Warbarrow Bay. Results from side-scan sonar of the rockhead topography of


refAbstractLine:
offshore/nearshore zones are briefly reviewed terms of coastal evolution.


refAbstractLine:
Factual and descriptive report of borehole logs and consolidation and triaxial tests on samples, with an


refAbstractLine:
Site investigation, including surveyed cliff profiles (with outcropping geology); borehole and trail pit records; water


refAbstractLine:
level readings; drained/undrained triaxial compression and consolidation test data for rock samples from cliff face;


refAbstractLine:
Description of geotechnical properties of beach sediments and groundwater flow in vicinity of proposed interceptor


refAbstractLine:
An abstract of original entry in , Tomlinson.C. (1865), "Tomlinson's Cyclopaedia of the Useful Arts"


refAbstractLine:
Unpublished typescripts providing in case of (1) an account of flooding and erosional losses along the coastal frontage


refAbstractLine:
between the Lymington River and Milford-on-sea, and (2) background notes on geological conditions, prompting cliff


refAbstractLine:
erosion together with some detail on design structure and costs of recent protection measures.


refAbstractLine:
Description of vegetation species and commonly presently colonising unstable and recently-restored cliffs, together


refAbstractLine:
with an evaluation of their performance. Recommendations for future experimentation, trails and monitoring,


refAbstractLine:
especially with reference to trees and shrubs. (Most of the content is provided by Dr J.E.G.Good, I.T.E., Bangor)


refAbstractLine:
Vol. 2: Method of Surveying; list of topographic and hydrographical surveying and survey; sea-bed samples; beach


refAbstractLine:
probing results; current velocity measurement; aerial survey flight indexes; Solent permeable groynes; description of


refAbstractLine:
beach material; transcript of film, "Seven Miles of Sand".


refAbstractLine:
Nature and possible causes of tidal flows in Christchurch and Pool Bays, with particular reference to, (i) effect of


refAbstractLine:
flushing out of Poole and Christchurch Harbours; (ii) possible effects of shallow-water and "double" tides of the


refAbstractLine:
Solent; (iii) effects of wave refraction, and (iv) action of eddy and other currents induced by presence of "Isle" of


refAbstractLine:
Description of sediment composition along sections of beach, and extending to 100m. offshore. Data presented as a series


refAbstractLine:
Documents areas of net accretion and erosion along a 5km. length of gravel beach, based on four sets of aerial


refAbstractLine:
photography and 4 ground-based surveys in 1989. The winter of 1989/90 caused significant changes in the beach profile


refAbstractLine:
of calshot spit, requiring emergency defence work. An overall assessment of sea defences that may be necessary is


refAbstractLine:
Desk and field study of winds and waves at an in inshore site close to Milford-on-sea. Three hourly averaged wave


refAbstractLine:
data and half-hourly wind data used to perform a correlation analysis of winds (at Portland) and waves, at Milford;


refAbstractLine:
Background, general principles relating to the estimation of rates, directions and volumes of beach longshore transport


refAbstractLine:
(pp1-16) are followed by a detailed account of experiments on Barton West Beach, 1976-77, which was mainly conducted to


refAbstractLine:
grain experience in using fluorescent tracers. The success of the sampling procedure; the determination of longshore


refAbstractLine:
transport rates; depth of disturbance of beach materials; and the relationship between longshore transport rates and


refAbstractLine:
the longshore component of wave energy flux are presented and discussed. Onshore-offshore exchange is indicated from


refAbstractLine:
A review and discussion of probable and possible process/form interactions at those sites in Hampshire (as it


refAbstractLine:
then was) requiring past, present and future protection strategies. Most of the detail concerns the cliffline


refAbstractLine:
Description of principal geological and geomorphological features between Christchurch and Hurst Castle Spit, with an


refAbstractLine:
account of, and prescription for protection measures. Recent(post 1953) schemes are described in some detail.


refAbstractLine:
Site by site review of coastline of Isle of Wight, from Bembridge to Thorness Bay, with particular reference to


refAbstractLine:
condition of coastal protection/defence structures.


refAbstractLine:
Factors promoting the threat to the A3055 between Brook and Freshwater resulting from coastal cliff instability, and


refAbstractLine:
it's socio-economic implications. Evaluates the performance of the monitoring equipment (tiltmeters) installed.


refAbstractLine:
A classification and nature conservation evaluation of vegetation communities colonising cliff habitats around


refAbstractLine:
Christchurch Bay, with a more detailed study of different vegetation communities on six substrates at Barton-on-sea.


refAbstractLine:
Implications for cliff management are suggested.


refAbstractLine:
Graphs, tables and colour photographs recording surveyed beach transects, prevailing weather conditions and


refAbstractLine:
estimated/computed beach volumes for study area, June-early October 1989. These are some comments on the condition of


refAbstractLine:
In 1876 the Hydraulics Research station studied the data available at that time to determine whether any possible


refAbstractLine:
single enterprise, such as dredging. It recommended that any further removal of sand and gravel from Solent Bank


refAbstractLine:
should be combined with an effective form of monitoring, and this present report describes the field work and data


refAbstractLine:
collection, together with the analysis and comment, which resulted from that recommendation. A three year programme


refAbstractLine:
jointly financed by the Commissioners and the dredging companies was started in 1978 and this included six-monthly


refAbstractLine:
hydrographic surveys, three monthly beach profiling between Gurnard Bay and Hamstead Ledge, together with side scan


refAbstractLine:
sonar records, current metering, and bed sampling at less frequent intervals. Monthly dredging records were


refAbstractLine:
submitted. It is concluded that the four beaches under review on the Island shoreline have remained generally


refAbstractLine:
stable throughout the 1978-81 period, and that the tidal currents at the extremities of the licensed area re


refAbstractLine:
virtually unchanged. However, the analysis of the remaining data and surveys with the dredging records suggest that the


refAbstractLine:
Bank could not sustain the recent rate of extraction (it was 260 000 cubic metres in 1980) and it is recommended that in


refAbstractLine:
future the annual total removed should not exceed 150 000 cubic metres from the licensed area. A modified form of


refAbstractLine:
monitoring should continue, and a possible programme for this is outlined.


refAbstractLine:
In-situ shear strength of mudflat sediments was competed with Attenberg limits of the soils, their organic matter,


refAbstractLine:
moisture consent, sand; fines ratio and sediment size. Shear strength was related to erodobility, but relations with


refAbstractLine:
physical properties of the soils was poor. It was concluded that mudflat and saltmarshes erodobility was most strongly


refAbstractLine:
An outline, and detailed schedule of both past and proposed management strategies for a site with a wide diversity of


refAbstractLine:
geological, geomorphological and ecological characteristics and providing a range of recreational opportunities.


refAbstractLine:
Contains a section on the history of shoreline (including cliff) protection, together with an evaluation of current


refAbstractLine:
A sequence of maps, mostly of hinterland margins of Poole Harbour, preserved as manuscript copies on file. Includes


refAbstractLine:
categories for "saltmarsh (SPARTINA)" and "sand and shingle".


refAbstractLine:
Maps and graphs, as original hand-written entries on data recording sheets and graphical plots.


refAbstractLine:
Two maps, at 1;10,000, (with no accompanying report) based on the interpretation of aerial photography categories mapped


refAbstractLine:
include; "Upper Saltmarsh (General)"; "Spartina - dominated saltmarsh"; and various categories of Enteromorpha and Ulva.


refAbstractLine:
Virtually continuous record of legal and other transactions relating to north Solent foreshore owned by The Manor of


refAbstractLine:
Cadland; numerous maps, plans and charts, mostly originals; vertical and oblique air photos dating back to 1938, and a


refAbstractLine:
large collection of lithographic prints and paintings (all dated). Several pilot's books, charts, yachting guides etc,


refAbstractLine:
dating back to 1750's (many related to entire south coast). Documents are ordered by date; early material in Latin, but


refAbstractLine:
with translations in some cases. maps and plans dating between 1560 and 1780 have been interpreted with reference


refAbstractLine:
to the 1970 edition of the O.S. 1:10,000 plan for the estate. These are records of shoreline protection measures


refAbstractLine:
Informational data base of wave heights, periods and periods for world's oceans, available in regional subsets.


refAbstractLine:
("Northern Europe" for SCOPAC area). Data obtained from wide array of sources, both public and commercial. Available in


refAbstractLine:
PC format, permitting loading of additional data sets.


refAbstractLine:
The submarine geology of the English Channel suggests a structurally controlled evolution for its central and


refAbstractLine:
westernmost parts dating from Variscan and immediately post-Variscan events. The easternmost part of the Channel


refAbstractLine:
does not reflect such a control. Instead a sudden "catastrophic" event is invoked for the creation of the


refAbstractLine:
Dover Strait and, indeed, the eastern part of the Channel. This event, the overtopping of the northern limb of the


refAbstractLine:
Weald-Artois anticline by waters from the North sea, scoured the floor of the eastern Channel and provided the gap in the


refAbstractLine:
cross-Channel ridge which led to Britain becoming an island.


refAbstractLine:
Feasibility study of reducing the bar at the harbour entrance to provide a channel bed 300mm below chart datum


refAbstractLine:
for a 65m width. Existing sedimentological and hydraulic knowledge is reviewed and a series of engineering options


refAbstractLine:
are proposed and examined with regard to their cost effectiveness.


refAbstractLine:
Most of the survey period was devoted to sidescan Sonar surveying. This was found to be an effective method for


refAbstractLine:
mapping sediment types, their preferred directions of transport and the surface geology of the region.


refAbstractLine:
Broad-scale zones of dominant strength of reflection, gradual and sharp sediment boundaries and bedforms have been


refAbstractLine:
mapped and interpreted. No attempt was made to interpret the surface geology of the region although prominent lines


refAbstractLine:
of reflection and outcrop zones have been mapped. At a series of sites, divers have sampled and made observations


refAbstractLine:
about the seabed. This has permitted some correlation between strength of reflection and sediment type.


refAbstractLine:
Throughout the region, sampling has revealed that fine and very fine sands are present with varying proportions of very


refAbstractLine:
coarse sand and silt. Fine and very fine sands produce light reflection whereas very coarse sands produce dark


refAbstractLine:
reflections. The most dynamic area of mobile bedforms is around Medmery Bank, where preferred directions of transport


refAbstractLine:
may be related to prevalent swell direction. Finally, a short current meter survey was conducted to obtain


refAbstractLine:
velocity-depth profile data used to investigate sediment stability. At the current meter site in the north-west of the


refAbstractLine:
survey region fine sand appears to be suspended and very coarse sand is restricted to bed movement during peak ebb


refAbstractLine:
Four Units: (a) The Seashore, (b) The Estuary, (c) Geology, (d) Coastal Geomorphology.


refAbstractLine:
Booklet providing details of geology, geomorphology and marine ecology of Purbeck Marine Wildlife Reserve, between


refAbstractLine:
File of correspondence, contracts, tenders, etc. relating to construction works and remedial measures on the cliffs and


refAbstractLine:
beaches within authority area. (File O/T 1484)


refAbstractLine:
Mathematical models of thermal outfall in Holes bay associated with Poole Power Station.


refAbstractLine:
Refers to Portland Bill, as well as other locations on the coast of South Wales.


refAbstractLine:
Modelling of dispersal of sewage from offshore Bridport, using a variety of model assumptions and variables


refAbstractLine:
Report incorporates three case studies, one of which includes the area between Hurst Castle Spit and Weymouth


refAbstractLine:
Survey of Purbeck Marine Nature Reserve, Kimmeridge (Dorset)


refAbstractLine:
Paper mostly concerned with experimental data from Maplin Sands (Thames estuary), but includes observations using wave


refAbstractLine:
Records of "dredge spoil" removed ( and in some cases, estimated) from approach channel to RMB (Aturm), contained


refAbstractLine:
on Bills of Contract. Data copied to Poole Harbour Commissioners, and returned to MAFF (since 1984).


refAbstractLine:
Annual hydrographic surveys of entire harbour at 1:500, based on bathymetric soundings at 0.1m. intervals. Contours


refAbstractLine:
partially interpolated. Records maintained in chart form, currently (April 1990) being transferred to microfilm.


refAbstractLine:
Charts 1:1250, using standard benchmarks keyed to - 0.93m, O.D. Bathymetric data obtained along parallel transverse


refAbstractLine:
lines to soundings, parallel to alignment of breakwaters to a distance of 100m. Beyond inner and outer (seaward)


refAbstractLine:
boundaries some contours interpolated. Sets of longitudinal cross-sections, every 3-500m.; Horizontal


refAbstractLine:
scale of 1;1000, vertical scale 1;500. Full record constitutes 19 sheets. held on tracing film with records back


refAbstractLine:
to 1975 also available on microfilm. Records previous to 1970 not preserved.


refAbstractLine:
Report of a bentfic survey of the seabed of Western Poole Bay, with eight hand cores of sediment sampled at each of 50


refAbstractLine:
sited. For each site collection, one sampled was analysed for particle size distribution and chemical content, the


refAbstractLine:
remaining seven for faunal content, some correlations between sediment type and infauna are noted. A map of the


refAbstractLine:
distributional pattern of surface sea-bed sediments is provided.


refAbstractLine:
Descriptive account of geology and slope forms associated with coastal cliffs between Lulworth Cove and Gad cliff,


refAbstractLine:
carried out as basis for the establishment and monitoring of cliff-top range walk accessible to the public.


refAbstractLine:
Description of inshore navigation hazards along the Dorset Coast, from Poole harbour mouth to Lyme Regis. Includes all


refAbstractLine:
submerged rocks and reefs as well as shipwrecks and other man-made hazards.


refAbstractLine:
Proposed reclamation not considered to have and significant impact on both local and harbour-wide tidal regimes.


refAbstractLine:
There may be some scour effect at the toe of the proposed breakwater, related to discharge from the CEGB power


refAbstractLine:
station. A sandy beach may develop east of Hamworthy Park.


refAbstractLine:
Proceedings of appeal hearings concluding with qualified approval of project by Secretary of State for the


refAbstractLine:
Environment. Details are given of a variety of geotechnical investigations by consultants on effects of proposals on


refAbstractLine:
hydraulic and sediment transport regime in adjacent parts of Poole Harbour.


refAbstractLine:
There may be a minor build-up of sand between Hamworthy Park and the proposed western breakwater. A small modification


refAbstractLine:
should be made to the approach channel to the planned, smaller, yacht haven (marina).


refAbstractLine:
Mostly concerned with the effects of proposed reclamation on the growth of Viva and Enteromorpha, and the extension of


refAbstractLine:
present levels of entrophication to other parts of Poole Harbour. Observes that tidal flow in Holes Bay is Confined


refAbstractLine:
to the lower central part, with water mass in upper part comparatively stagnant. Proposed reclamation should have a


refAbstractLine:
minimal impact on water circulation in adjacent area.


refAbstractLine:
Assessment of possible effects on tidal hydraulics and sedimentation of proposed reclamation of 3.4 acres to the


refAbstractLine:
west of the Ro/Ro terminal. there may be slight deepening immediately south of, and some shallowing east of, proposed


refAbstractLine:
pier. Both effects will be slight and very localised.


refAbstractLine:
Appendix to part II is a portfolio of charts 1849-1979 covering Upper and Lower Wareham Channel; Little Channel;


refAbstractLine:
Wych Channel; and Harbour entrance seawards to Poole Bay buoy


refAbstractLine:
Series of detailed plans at 1:500 of hydrography of site, based on bathymetric sounding at 0.1m. intervals. Contours


refAbstractLine:
interpolated. standard reference for Chart Datum is 1.40m below O.D.(Newlyn). Records in process of being transferred


refAbstractLine:
to microfilm. Raw data on dredge spoil returned by dredging contractors, Westminster Dredging Co. Ltd, to MAFF and Poole


refAbstractLine:
harbour Commissioners, but also retained on Bills of Contract for each operation.


refAbstractLine:
50 minute (VHS) video (edited) obtained by hand-held driver-operated video camera; moderate light conditions.


refAbstractLine:
As part of a survey of the sandeel population of the Hook Sand, three sediment grabs were obtained. Well-sorted sands


refAbstractLine:
appear to dominate the environment. During the 5 weeks of the survey in November and December 1988 there was some


refAbstractLine:
evidence for a small increase in the fine sand and silt-clay fractions in the eastern part of the survey area. The causes


refAbstractLine:
might be ascribed to natural sediment mobility and/or drilling and dredging activities.


refAbstractLine:
Chiefly concerned with various impacts of proposed bridge structure, but includes data on tidal velocities and bed


refAbstractLine:
stress; suspended sediments; patterns of erosion and accretion and an assessment of patterns of sediment


refAbstractLine:
equilibrium based on field survey and reference to hydrographic records.


refAbstractLine:
Pack of 20 35mm slides of oblique aerial views of coastline of SE and SC Dorset, Accompanied by descriptive notes.


refAbstractLine:
Analysis of regional wind, wave and tidal data for oil exploration concession area in Poole Bay, carried out by


refAbstractLine:
ground and aerial video survey and consultation of existing documentation. Objective was to provide a systematic


refAbstractLine:
description of the coastal between Portland Bill at the central Solent in terms of physical, biological and


refAbstractLine:
socio-economic characteristics in the general context of the predicted trajectories of oil slicks and the environmental


refAbstractLine:
impacts they might have. Division of the coastline into "Shore Zone Units" involves varied criteria, including wave


refAbstractLine:
climate; beach morphology and sediments, offshore sediments and seabed configuration.


refAbstractLine:
Reports on Hydraulic regime in vicinity of proposed area of reclamation for second Ro/Ro berth and yacht haven.


refAbstractLine:
Survey of seabed relief forms and sediment characteristics, revealing the presence of rock outcrops and patterns of low


refAbstractLine:
amplitude sand wave trains. Data on water depth and deep sub-surface geology is also given.


refAbstractLine:
Report on physical properties, and ground water conditions at site of HM Coastguard station, to rear of upper backshore


refAbstractLine:
Report of geotechnical properties of superficial sediments and geological substrate.


refAbstractLine:
Vol. 1: Report on Ground Investigation Vol. 3: Results of consolidated undrained triaxial tests.


refAbstractLine:
(Work carried by Wimpey Laboratories, Report Lab. Ref. s/24703)


refAbstractLine:
Several aspects of the sediment dynamics of estuaries and tidal inlets, focussing on net sediment transport and the


refAbstractLine:
exchange of sediments, are studied here (with special reference to Christchurch Harbour in southern England).


refAbstractLine:
The environmental factors (such as regional geology, geomorphology, drainage basin, tides waves and surficial


refAbstractLine:
sediment) are summarised, in terms of a literature review and some preliminary field surveys. The "McLaren Method",


refAbstractLine:
as a geological approach to the problem of defining the direction of net sediment transport, is examined in some


refAbstractLine:
detail. Several problems associated with the method are discussed and modifications are suggested, for the extension


refAbstractLine:
of the method to two-dimensional situations. Patterns of sediment exchange between the bay and the open sea are


refAbstractLine:
investigated. Preliminary studies of the input and output of fine-grained and coarse-grained sediments are described. The


refAbstractLine:
relationship between the exchange and net transport is discussed, especially for the case of the exchange of "trace"


refAbstractLine:
materials. Based upon an analysis of the factors affecting the equilibrium cross-section of tidal inlets, in which


refAbstractLine:
sediment transport plays a key role, an analytical method is proposed to solve the problem of equilibrium. This method


refAbstractLine:
avoids the problems associated with the empirical "O'Brien Method". Finally, suggestions for future studies are


refAbstractLine:
proposed; these include research topics and procedures to be used for the investigations.


refAbstractLine:
Samples of sediments were taken from the Beaulieu river at Various sites along Southampton Water. Metal concentrations


refAbstractLine:
and organic carbon percentages were ana lysed. Southampton Water sediments were found to be elevated with respect to


refAbstractLine:
metals associated with anthropogenic sources (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) and depleted with respect to lithogenic metals (Fe, Mn).


refAbstractLine:
The most significant metal was copper and Fawley postulated as its major source. The Hamble and Beaulieu estuaries were


refAbstractLine:
relatively unpolluted by metals whilst Southampton Water, the test and Itchen estuaries exhibited elevated levels of


refAbstractLine:
The following aspects were investigated; (i) The salient features of a semi-diurnal and spring/neap tidal cycle.


refAbstractLine:
Comparison was made with the predicted regime at Town Quay, Southampton. (ii) A qualitative account of the salinity and


refAbstractLine:
temperature trends during spring-neap semi-diurnal and seasonal cycles with respect to meteorological and other


refAbstractLine:
data. (iii) Estimation of residual and tidal currents rising river flow data (NRA) and field measurements by


refAbstractLine:
previous studies. (iv) Determination of Reynolds and Richardsons numbers to determine flow regimes at various


refAbstractLine:
Sedimentary longitudinal erosional furrows are developed in the cohesive estuarine sediments of Southampton Water. The


refAbstractLine:
furrows are all similarly regularly spaced with roughly parallel troughs. They are aligned with the dominant


refAbstractLine:
current direction and not controlled by topography of the estuary floor. The furrows are permanent features, one


refAbstractLine:
distinctive furrow junction (furrows joined in the direction of maximum flow) has only undergone slight modification in


refAbstractLine:
over 19 years. Survey was by echo sounder and side seam sonar of the west side of the deep channel between Hythe


refAbstractLine:
Jetty and Fawley Refinery. It was concluded that a strong tidal flow in a dominant direction was required for


refAbstractLine:
formation whilst meandering currents were not conclusive for furrow formation.


refAbstractLine:
Details of physical properties of superficial sediments and substrate geology from boreholes at (i) Ballast Bank at


refAbstractLine:
entrance to Portsmouth Harbour; (ii) Haslar Lake, Gosport; (iii) East Sands on seaward side of entrance to Portsmouth


refAbstractLine:
In-house records of wave heights and frequencies for; (a) Manual records in vicinity of groyne 40, March 1984 to


refAbstractLine:
October 1987 (inclusive). (b) Manual records in vacinity of groynes 40 and 23 between November 1987 and February 1988


refAbstractLine:
(inclusive); October 1988 and September 1989 (inclusive), available only in floppy disc format. (records also from


refAbstractLine:
June 1990 onwards). (c) Wave recorder data in vicinity of groyne 23, October 1988 to March 1989 (inclusive).


refAbstractLine:
Tabulated data of beach profile changes in the immediate vicinity of proposed shipway at SWA outfall, adjacent to No2


refAbstractLine:
Battery. Data for monthly surveys, February 1990 to January 1991, including estimates of sediment volumes includes


refAbstractLine:
estimates of volume changes 1984-1989 based on SWA beach monitoring aerial photography.


refAbstractLine:
A side scan sonar survey has been undertaken over the seabed of part of the eastern approaches to the east Solent.


refAbstractLine:
Observations sand sampling by divers at thirty-eight sites aided the interpretation of the side-scan records. The


refAbstractLine:
methods of deployment and operation of the equipment are discussed and problems encountered are noted. A summary of


refAbstractLine:
the diving observations is given. A map of the sediment distribution has been produced from the side-scan records.


refAbstractLine:
The importance of water depth in relation to sediment type is discussed. The distribution has been produced from the


refAbstractLine:
side scan records. The importance of water depth in relation to sediment type is discussed. The distribution and


refAbstractLine:
dimensions of bedform are recorded and direction of the sediment movement is predicted. The bedrock outcrops


refAbstractLine:
identified are described and a map of their location has been produced. Other outcrops of possible bedrock, not yet


refAbstractLine:
identified, are included. A rectangular are in the north-east of the survey region containing a high density of


refAbstractLine:
boulders is described. The majority of the boulders are limestone and possibly derived from the local bedrock. A


refAbstractLine:
small percentage of the boulders observed are of distant origin, being either igneous rock or sarsens. The


refAbstractLine:
north-south orientation of the boulders is noted. The reasons for the boulder distribution and orientation are


refAbstractLine:
considered. The deposition of all the boulders via grounded glaciers, floating ice or as ballast whilst the aligned


refAbstractLine:
limestone boulder pattern may be the result of bedrock outcrop. Beach cobble rises are mapped. One continuous rise


refAbstractLine:
of one metre in height is traced for one kilometre over the seabed. It is thought that this may be a 'Relict Beach


refAbstractLine:
Line'. The literature for historical evidence of coastal erosion and land submergence is reviewed. It is thought that


refAbstractLine:
if this beach cobble rise is indeed a relict beach line it is at least 6,000 years old.


refAbstractLine:
A Beach Nourishment Scheme promoted by Havant Borough Council was completed in October 1985 along the Eastoke


refAbstractLine:
peninsula at Hayling Island. It is hoped that this scheme will effectively prevent further erosion of the existing


refAbstractLine:
foreshore and the damage to residents' properties caused by overtopping of the original sea wall defence.


refAbstractLine:
Approximately 520,000 cubic metres of shingle were placed on the Hayling foreshore. However, before placing it was graded


refAbstractLine:
at considerable expense to remove the course fraction over a specified diameter. This material was placed on the front


refAbstractLine:
face of the beach to act as an armouring. The aim of the experimental research in this project is to determine the


refAbstractLine:
behaviour of the armouring subjected to varying wave conditions and to compare this with an unarmoured beach


refAbstractLine:
face. Ultimately, a tentative decision as to the cost effectiveness of this approach can be made using the evidence


refAbstractLine:
from experimental and field observations.


refAbstractLine:
Presentation of Particle Size Distribution Curves for samples obtained along a series of longitudinal transects


refAbstractLine:
between Alum Chine and Barton-on-sea (East Barton) Beach


refAbstractLine:
Makes brief reference to radiocarbon-dated peats in mid-Flandrian deposits in Poole Harbour as part of a Broad


refAbstractLine:
review of rates of post-glacial sea-level transgression.


refAbstractLine:
Account of an A'- Level Geography student group enquiry into the technical, environmental and socio-political arising


refAbstractLine:
from the threatened failure of a 100m long sea-wall on Brownsa Island; the failure would, it is suggested, be


refAbstractLine:
accompanied by flooding and loss of habitats.


refAbstractLine:
Details of inspection, appraisal of present condition and recommendations for structure improvements of sea wall. A


refAbstractLine:
brief history of protection measures along this coastal frontage is given, with descriptions of prevailing beach


refAbstractLine:
material and inferred littoral drift. There are calculations of the mean wave climate and return period of sea-level


refAbstractLine:
Report on Flume tests on the Hydraulic performance of a preliminary mound design to strengthen the seawall adjacent


refAbstractLine:
Historical evidence for changes affecting both Christchurch Bay and harbour, particularly the entrances to the harbour


refAbstractLine:
are reviewed; a brief account of river discharge is also given. The major part of the text relates to data on flow


refAbstractLine:
measurement of tidal streams in the entrance channel, using a current meter traverse over a full spring tidal cycle. The


refAbstractLine:
tidal exchange ratio is calculated and results are related to the supposed littoral drift regime. The entrance channel


refAbstractLine:
and the nearshore bars are unstable, but the relative position of the harbour entrance/exit has been comparatively


refAbstractLine:
stable. (a Third Year BSc Project Report)


refAbstractLine:
An illustrated brochure describing the hydraulic modelling of Poole Bay carried out on behalf of BP in connection with


refAbstractLine:
their proposal to construct an offshore island to service the seaward extension of the Wytch Farm Oilfield. Research


refAbstractLine:
has involved physical and mathematical modelling of wave and tidal regimes within the Bay, and the effects of


refAbstractLine:
contracting an exemplar island on sediment transport within the bay and onshore. Results, to date, are given and some


refAbstractLine:
A section of seawall adjacent to the Marine Theatre in Lyme Regis is to be protected by an offshore rock mound. This


refAbstractLine:
report describes flume tests undertaken at a scale of 1 to 25 to study the hydraulic performance of such a structure


refAbstractLine:
and recommends a final design for the prototype rock mound as a result of these tests. The flume model was used to


refAbstractLine:
represent the sea bed for a site in the vicinity of the Town Council Offices. Results are given in the form of rock


refAbstractLine:
armour stability and wave overtopping rates.


refAbstractLine:
Brief history of reserve and of management objectives; development and achievements, 1983-1988, and future policies.


refAbstractLine:
The harbour has been divided up into 9 compartments, for each there is a brief description and an account of past and


refAbstractLine:
proposed management. Reference is made to the condition, repair and replacement of protection structures and to beach


refAbstractLine:
nourishment of the spit. The code of practice pursed by Southern Water Authority forms an appendix.


refAbstractLine:
An account of the history and development of the Poole and Christchurch Bays Research Project, involving Hydraulics


refAbstractLine:
Research (under contract to Bournemouth Borough Council), the University of Southampton and Sir William Halcrow. The


refAbstractLine:
original objectives, including monitoring of several protection structures, including replenished beaches, were


refAbstractLine:
not all realised (or were modified). However, significant original data on offshore bathymetry, beaches volumetric


refAbstractLine:
changes and wave climate were collected and analysed; in addition, new techniques for sediment tracing were


refAbstractLine:
developed. Outline details of the main data sets and analytical conclusions (to date) are given.


refAbstractLine:
Description of environmental studies carried out by or for BP as part of extensive investigations preliminary to the


refAbstractLine:
deposit of the Hook Island (Poole Bay) Private Parliamentary Bill. These are confined to the construction phase of the


refAbstractLine:
exemplar island, but consider the environmental monitoring programmes that will be needed during later long-term


refAbstractLine:
operation after construction is completed. The general conclusions of commissioned hydraulic investigations and on


refAbstractLine:
Landuse/Visibility study are summarised. The overall consensus of view arrived at and shared by local consultees


refAbstractLine:
and the mineral planning authority (Dorset County Council) is that there is unlikely to be unacceptable disturbance of


refAbstractLine:
navigational and fishery-interests and that the stability of beaches will not be substantially affected.


refAbstractLine:
Wave analysis and numerical simulation reveals that the long-established trend for net accretion in the area


refAbstractLine:
immediately east of West Bay Harbour has been reversed since the early 1980's. The apparent reason for this is that the


refAbstractLine:
net direction of longshore drift has altered from east-to-west to west-to-east, due to a reduction in the


refAbstractLine:
frequency of storms from the south-east. This has had a marked impact on the wave climate controlling this


refAbstractLine:
An update of Report EX 1449 (June 1986) and two surveys carried out in February and March 1987, giving figures on


refAbstractLine:
sediment movement and volumetric changes affecting the beach nourishment scheme completed in March 1985. The volumetric


refAbstractLine:
analysis concludes that there has been on overall loss of 5% and that both groyne bays with downdrift rock groynes have


refAbstractLine:
gained material. The net movement of beach material has been eastwards.


refAbstractLine:
An illustration brochure providing information of public interest on the proposal to build an island in Poole Bay as


refAbstractLine:
a production and service base for the exploitation of oil reserves. The rationale of the island concept is outlined,


refAbstractLine:
followed by an estimation of it's visual appearance and impact; nature of construction, expected functions and


refAbstractLine:
lifetime; measures to minimise pollution risk; effects on hydraulic regime and ecological environments; effects on


refAbstractLine:
Further investigations, as recommended in Posford Duvivier's report of October 1990, have been carried out and include:


refAbstractLine:
re-assessment of the offshore wave climate; determination of inshore wave conditions, including diffraction around the


refAbstractLine:
Cobb and more specific assessment of volumes of littoral drift. These permit the drawing of conclusions on the


refAbstractLine:
feasibility of various protection measures subsumed in the 'Alternate Scheme'. Emphasis is placed on the nourishment


refAbstractLine:
of shingle beaches in association with limited engineered structures.


refAbstractLine:
Some closed basins extending along the strike of outcrops of unresistant Jurassic rocks are considered to be the product


refAbstractLine:
of erosion by sand transported by tidal streams. The area of the sea- bed to the south of Dorset, between Portland and St


refAbstractLine:
A brief text, accompanied by photographs and drawings, reviewing the condition of the seawall and the possible


refAbstractLine:
contribution of imminent groyne renewal to beach stability. Full encasement of the entire length of the wall is


refAbstractLine:
recommended, and is accompanied by a cost-benefit analysis. However, monitoring of the performance of the current


refAbstractLine:
groyne/beach replenishment scheme prior to any decisions on wall reconstruction/repair would be a viable option in the


refAbstractLine:
Historical development of the coastal defences of Lyme regis and the Cobb are considered in the context of the wave


refAbstractLine:
climate and tidal regime; geological structure and lithology of coastal cliffs. There is specific discussion of the


refAbstractLine:
characteristics of sediments composing the beaches along the town frontage, and within the harbour. Estimates of rates


refAbstractLine:
and volumes of longshore sediment transport are given, based on the application of formulae to previously reported data.


refAbstractLine:
The history of coastal development in several distinct sections is provided as a basis to a discussion of various


refAbstractLine:
alternative protection schemes. One specific set of recommendations are endorsed, with estimates of costs.


refAbstractLine:
BSc Combined Science Third Years Thesis report.


refAbstractLine:
An account of the factual results of a 4 day bathymetric survey of Wootton Creek in the vicinity of the Sealink


refAbstractLine:
Terminal at Fishbourne, including the re-survey previously measured profiles. details are given of the survey control


refAbstractLine:
and position fixing; tides and vertical control. There is a brief summary of the bathymetry thus determined, with


refAbstractLine:
comparison with previous surveys in 1982, 1884, 1987 and 1989. The charts are presented at a scale of 1:1000.


refAbstractLine:
A detailed review of historical records of ground instability proceeds an evaluation of the nature and extent


refAbstractLine:
of landslide problems; the past geotechnical behaviour of separate parts of the undercliff and the formation of a


refAbstractLine:
range of management strategies to reduce the impacts of future (potential) movement. There is only brief


refAbstractLine:
consideration (pp 41-2) to the role of the beach accumulation and protection structures in avoiding excessive


refAbstractLine:
cliff toe unloading. Maps cover Planning Guidance; Land use; Geomorphology; Ground Behaviour.


refAbstractLine:
Random wave physical model test of an existing harbour layout, with fully mobile beaches, have been conducted at a


refAbstractLine:
scale of 1 to 75. The mobile beach material was scaled to closely reproduce the important characteristics of the


refAbstractLine:
prototype seabed sediments. Remedial schemes were tested to reduce overtopping along the frontage and to control beach


refAbstractLine:
movement. The effectiveness of beach renourishment was also examined. A variety of outer harbour and offshore


refAbstractLine:
breakwater schemes were tested. Wave conditions in the harbour and the approaches were evaluated. Changes inter


refAbstractLine:
sediment transport regime due to the presence of the structure were investigated. Waves were tested from three


refAbstractLine:
directions up to those occurring once in 50 years. The results were used to assess the existing coastal regime and


refAbstractLine:
to examine and optimise the various schemes.


refAbstractLine:
Private records compiled by Mr J.Venner (Warden, N.C.C., North Solent Shore NNR) concerning coastal change and


refAbstractLine:
coastal management, Beaulieu and Cadland Estates frontages. This includes records of all groyne repairs and replacements


refAbstractLine:
since 1975; published maps and survey drawings of Need's Ore Point and Gull Island, 1975 -1985, (four comprehensive


refAbstractLine:
repeat surveys using established benchmarks); detailed sequence of cross-sections of Gull Island, 1986;


refAbstractLine:
miscellaneous vertical and oblique air photos, 1950-present.


refAbstractLine:
An appraisal of the erosion of mud and shingle in recent years, with a specific evaluation of the contribution of


refAbstractLine:
waves generated by Sealink Ferries. Calculations suggest that ferry vessels are causing between 20 and 50% of the


refAbstractLine:
movement of shingle along the east and west bank of the creek. Surges are particularly large when ferries enter at


refAbstractLine:
low tide, and produce a severe down-drag across the marginal creek mudflats. Dredging may induced increased


refAbstractLine:
wind-wave penetration into the creek, and may have reduced sediment supplies to the creek banks.


refAbstractLine:
A statement of the views, policies and recent practice of Hampshire County Council in the field of coastal zone


refAbstractLine:
management. There is some emphasis on the need for changes in legislation and administration, but that continued


refAbstractLine:
vigilance and effort within the existing frameworks will continue. Several land - and water-based uses in the


refAbstractLine:
coastal zone lie outside direct planning controls. The text is arranged into chapters on specific topics, which


refAbstractLine:
includes Erosion and Flooding (pp55-59); Marine Aggregates (pp60-61). The former chapter lists recent and ongoing


refAbstractLine:
Proposal for a field experiment at the mouth of Southampton Water to establish a one-dimensional model of the tidal


refAbstractLine:
exchange ratio at a spring and a neap tide.


refAbstractLine:
This thesis is primarily concerned with field and numerical model studies of nearshore waves, surf zone dynamics and


refAbstractLine:
longshore transport of coarse non-cohesive materials. It begins with an introduction to the subject matter which


refAbstractLine:
summarises recent advances in the field, highlights current research requirements and sets the context of the author's


refAbstractLine:
studies. It proceeds, initially, by describing the application of a numerical beach plan shape model to


refAbstractLine:
Shoreham beach, West Sussex UK and the elucidation of it's drawbacks and limitations. Next, an intensive field


refAbstractLine:
measurement programme of coastal shingle transport at Shoreham Beach and a comparison of the measured and


refAbstractLine:
expected wave parameters in transitional water depths in then made. Subsequently, the derivation of longshore


refAbstractLine:
transport rates from the field data using a new technique and the formation of a new energy flux based longshore


refAbstractLine:
transport equation are developed. In addition, the calibration of three longshore transport rates from the


refAbstractLine:
field data using a new technique and the formation of a new energy flux based on longshore transport equation are


refAbstractLine:
developed. In addition, the calibration of three longshore transport equations and a sensitivity analysis of the


refAbstractLine:
predicted longshore transport rates to the input wave parameters are made. Finally, the development, calibration


refAbstractLine:
and sensitivity analysis of a new method for calculating longshore transport based on a numerical mode of bores on


refAbstractLine:
beaches, coupled with a uniform flow field sediment transport equation are described.


refAbstractLine:
A study into the feasibility of constructing a yacht harbour on Ryde seafront to accommodate 150-200 boats at all states


refAbstractLine:
of the tide. Access would be via a shallow access channel dredged across Ryde Sands and a tidal gate. Engineering,


refAbstractLine:
operational and environmental conditions and constraints are considered; the latter incorporates calculations of the


refAbstractLine:
local wind and wave climate; bathymetry and beach conditions (including a brief historical survey of changes in the


refAbstractLine:
position of the low water mark); tidal characteristics, and soil/substrate properties. Estimates of costs and


refAbstractLine:
Description of drift and solid geology from two 8m, boreholes and of ground-water levels regulated by tidal


refAbstractLine:
The height of water in Eling tide mill was monitored together with water levels in the estuary outside for 2


refAbstractLine:
weeks, the period of a spring neap cycle. Pressure sensors were used to determine water depth and results were


refAbstractLine:
continuously saved by a computer installed in the mill. The results provided insight into the reliability of pressure


refAbstractLine:
transducers and the effects on water levels.


refAbstractLine:
An inshore computer model for wave refraction, desk study of sediment transport and computation of extreme wave and tidal


refAbstractLine:
levels are combined in an attempt to define the coastal regime at the distal point of Hurst Castle Spit. On this


refAbstractLine:
basis, design and cost-benefit criteria relevant to suitable protection structures are proposed, a series of "strong"


refAbstractLine:
points and a revetment slope are considered as the most viable options, will the former preferred on economic


refAbstractLine:
Report on condition of seawall and associated structures, giving background history of construction and repairs (to


